SANS 1148-2008 Wooden safety matches《木制安全火柴》.pdf

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1、 Collection of SANS standards in electronic format (PDF) 1. Copyright This standard is available to staff members of companies that have subscribed to the complete collection of SANS standards in accordance with a formal copyright agreement. This document may reside on a CENTRAL FILE SERVER or INTRA

2、NET SYSTEM only. Unless specific permission has been granted, this document MAY NOT be sent or given to staff members from other companies or organizations. Doing so would constitute a VIOLATION of SABS copyright rules. 2. Indemnity The South African Bureau of Standards accepts no liability for any

3、damage whatsoever than may result from the use of this material or the information contain therein, irrespective of the cause and quantum thereof. ISBN 978-0-626-21735-8 SANS 1148:2008Edition 1.1Any reference to SABS 1148 is deemedto be a reference to this standard(Government Notice No. 1373 of 8 No

4、vember 2002)SOUTH AFRICAN NATIONAL STANDARD Wooden safety matches Published by Standards South Africa 1 dr lategan road groenkloof private bag x191 pretoria 0001 tel: 012 428 7911 fax: 012 344 1568 international code + 27 12 www.stansa.co.za Standards South Africa SANS 1148:2008 Edition 1.1 Table of

5、 changes Change No. Date Scope Amdt 1 2008 Amended to change the designation of SABS standards to SANS standards, to update the definition of “acceptable“, and to remove reference to national legislation from the text. Foreword This South African standard was approved by National Committee StanSA TC

6、 5140.51, Matches, in accordance with procedures of Standards South Africa, in compliance with annex 3 of the WTO/TBT agreement This document was published in June 2008. This document supersedes SABS 1148:1997 (edition 1). A vertical line in the margin shows where the text has been technically modif

7、ied by amendment No. 1. A reference is made in 3.1 to “applicable regulations“ and in 4.2(a)5 to “national regulations”. In South Africa, this means the regulations promulgated under the Trade Metrology Act, 1973 (Act No. 77 of 1973) as amended from time to time. SANS 1148:2008 Edition 1.1 1 Content

8、s Page Foreword 1 Scope . 3 2 Definitions 3 3 Requirements . 4 4 Packing and Marking . 7 5 Sampling and compliance with the specification . 7 6 Inspection and methods of test 8 6.1 Inspection . 8 6.2 Conditioning and test conditions 8 6.3 Transverse breaking strength of splints . 8 6.4 Length of mat

9、ch . 8 6.5 Freedom from visible defects . 8 6.6 Tests for functional failures of matches . 9 6.7 Tests for functional failures of boxes . 11 Appendix A Applicable standards 13 Appendix B Notes to purchasers . 13 SANS 1148:2008 Edition 1.1 2 This page is intentionally left blank SANS 1148:2008 Editio

10、n 1.1 3 Wooden safety matches 1 Scope 1.1 This specification covers safety matches made of wood and packed in wooden or cardboard boxes, but does not cover book matches. NOTE a) The titles of standards referred to by number in the specification are given in Appendix A. b) A requirement that may be s

11、pecified by the purchaser is noted in Appendix B. 2 Definitions 2.1 For the purposes of this specification the following definitions shall apply: acceptable acceptable to the authority administering this standard, or to the parties concluding the purchase contract, as relevant Amdt 1 afterglow burni

12、ng of the splint without a flame after the flame resulting from ignition has been extinguished NOTE A long period of afterglow will result in the formation of a white ash residue. box the container in which the matches reach the ultimate purchaser defective a match, a test set of matches, a box, or

13、a test set of boxes that fails in one or more respects to comply with the relevant requirements of the specification lot not less than 200 000 and not more than 500 000 boxes of matches from one manufacturer, submitted at any one time for inspection and testing safety match a match that does not ign

14、ite easily when rubbed on a hard surface, but easily ignites when rubbed with slight pressure on a surface impregnated with a composition containing red phosphorus SANS 1148:2008 Edition 1.1 4 3 Requirements 3.1 General When the number of matches per box is specified by the purchaser or is indicated

15、 on the boxes, the number of matches per box shall comply with the requirements of the applicable regulations regarding metrology (see foreword). Amdt 1 3.2 Matches 3.2.1 Materials a) Splints shall have been derived from trees of the genus Populus (or a species of another genus that has comparable p

16、roperties). b) The head of a match shall not contain phosphorus. 3.2.2 Transverse breaking strength of splints The breaking strength of match splints shall be such that, when matches are tested in accordance with 6 . 3 , the number of splints that break does not exceed 2 %. 3.2.3 Length The length o

17、f a match, determined in accordance with 6 . 4 , shall, in at least 9 5 % of the matches in the test set, be at least 35 mm, and the maximum variation in the lengths of at least 9 5 % of the matches in the test set shall not exceed 3 , 0 mm. 3.2.4 Freedom from visible defects When matches are examin

18、ed in accordance with 6 . 5 . 1 , the quantities of classified visible defects in the test set shall not exceed the permissible maxima given in column 3 of table 1. Table 1 Classified visible defects Matches 1 2 3 4 Classified defect Description of defect Permissible a) Damaged splint Splint broken,

19、 split, or crushed 20 2,0 b) Distorted head Head shows pronounced abnormality in shape or surface, or has a sharply defined peak 20 2,0 c) Double match Two matches linked together by a bridge of head composition 20 1,0 d) Fractured head Surface of head broken or cracked 10 1,0 e) Headless match Spli

20、nt has no match head 10 1,0 f) Running head Head composition has run down the side of the splint for more than 2 mm 10 1,0 SANS 1148:2008 Edition 1.1 5 3.2.5 Freedom from functional failures When matches are tested in accordance with 6.6, the percentages of classified functional failures in the test

21、 sets shall not exceed the permissible maxima given in column 2 of table 2. Table 2 Classified functional failures Matches 1 2 3 Classified failure Permissible maximum, % Test method subsection a) A splint shows afterglow for more than 3 s . 2,0 6.6.3 b) Drop-off of burnt head (other than drop-off c

22、aused by glow) 1,0 c) The flame does not readily transfer from ignited head to the splint .1,0 6.6.4 d) The head, on ignition, drops hot ash . 1,0 e) The head crumbles on striking . 1,0 f) The head does not ignite on striking . 1,0 6.6.5 g) The head smoulders prior to flaming 1,0 h) The head separat

23、es from the splint when pulled apart . 4,0 6.6.6 i) The head explodes or burns violently, scattering glowing particles, when 1) the minimum pressure necessary to secure ignition is used 1,0 2) struck hard on the friction paint . 10,0 6.6.7 j) The head fails to ignite after the humidity treatment . 5

24、,0 6.6.8 k) The head ignites at 170 C . 0 6.6.9 l) The head ignites when rubbed on the silicon-carbide abrasive paper .0 6.6.10 3.3 Boxes 3.3.1 General A box shall consist of a tray in a sleeve-type outer casing. Both shall be of wood, or of cardboard, or of a combination of these materials, and a s

25、ufficient area of the outer casing shall be coated with the preparation required for igniting the matches. This preparation shall not contain white or yellow phosphorus. Boxes shall be rectangular in shape, and of capacity large enough to house the contents without bulging. 3.3.2 Freedom from visibl

26、e defects When boxes are examined in accordance with 6.5.2, the quantity of classified visible defects in the test set shall not exceed the permissible maxima given in column 3 of table 3. SANS 1148:2008 Edition 1.1 6 Table 3 Classified visible defects Boxes 1 2 3 4 Classified defect Description of

27、defect quantity Permissible maximum a) Defective outer casing 1) The outer casing is damaged, or does not overlap the tray when the box is closed, or is irregularly shaped, or has dirt or grease marks; the joint in the outer casing is not sealed along the entire length of the seam; the seam is exces

28、sively skew; the long side of the seam overlaps the edge of the outer casing; there is an overlap of more than 1 mm at an end of the seam; the printing is smeared, or is illegible, or has ink smudges, or its registration is poor. 5 5,0 2) The joint is completely open or opens during normal use. Nil

29、Nil b) Defective tray 1) The tray is damaged, or is irregularly shaped, or has dirt or grease marks; the joints are not properly sealed, the seams are excessively skew; there is an overlap of more than 1 mm at an end of a seam. 5 5,0 2) One or both of the joints are completely open or open during no

30、rmal use. Nil Nil c) Defective friction paint Ignition mixture unevenly applied, or excessively rough,overflow or smears of mixture on other surfaces of the box. 1 1,0 3.3.3 Freedom from functional failures When boxes are tested in accordance with 6.7, the percentages of classified functional failur

31、es in the test sets shall not exceed the permissible maxima given in column 2 of table 4. Table 4 Classified functional failures Boxes 1 2 3 Classified failure Permissible maximum, % Test method subsection a) The tray does not slide easily inside the outer casing, or the fit of the tray is not suffi

32、ciently tight and the tray tends to fall out 1,0 6.7.1 b) Joints opens up at the elevated temperature 0 6.7.2 c) The friction paint on a box fails to ignite twice the average number of matches (see 3.1) in a box 0 d) The friction paint burns following the striking of a match . 0 6.7.3 e) After being

33、 subjected to the humidity treatment, the friction paint on a box fails to ignite at least 80 % of twice the average number of matches (see 3.1) in a box 10,0 6.7.4 SANS 1148:2008 Edition 1.1 7 4 Packing and Marking 4.1 Packing Boxes of matches shall be supplied in clean, neat packets that are capab

34、le of withstanding normal handling. Each packet shall consist of a suitable number of boxes in a wrapper, and the flaps and side joint of the wrapper shall be so securely sealed that the wrapper does not adhere to individual boxes. The packets shall be so packed in bulk packages that no individual p

35、acket adheres to the inner surface of the bulk package. 4.2 Marking Containers of safety matches shall bear (in prominent, legible, and indelible marking) the following information (as applicable): a) On each box, packet, and bulk package: 1) The manufacturers name or trade mark or both; 2) the word

36、(s) “Safety Matches“ or “Matches“; 3) in the case of packets, the number of boxes; 4) in the case of bulk packages, the number of packets; 5) any additional information required in terms of the regulations promulgated under the relevant national regulations (see foreword). Amdt 1 b) On each box and

37、bulk package, the date of manufacture (which may be given in code). 5 Sampling and compliance with the specification 1) 5.1 Sampling The following sampling procedure shall be applied in determining whether a lot complies with the appropriate requirements of the specification. The samples so drawn sh

38、all be deemed to represent the lot for the respective properties. a) Sample for inspection. From the lot take at random 20 bulk packages. b) Sample for testing. From the lot take at random 200 boxes of matches and, after checking them for compliance with the relevant requirements of 4.2, pack them n

39、eatly and tightly in a strong wooden or cardboard container, clearly marked with the manufacturers name, the date of manufacture, and the date of sampling. NOTE This sample may be taken from the sample taken in accordance with (a) above after it has been inspected (see 6.1). 1) This section applies

40、to the sampling for inspection and testing before acceptance or rejection of single lots (consignments) in cases where no information about the implementation of quality control or testing during manufacture is available to help in assessing the quality of the lot. It is also used as the procedure f

41、or adjudicating in cases of dispute. SANS 1148:2008 Edition 1.1 8 5.2 Compliance with the specification The lot shall be deemed to comply with the requirements of the specification if, after inspection and testing of the samples taken in accordance with 5.1, no defective is found. 6 Inspection and m

42、ethods of test 6.1 Inspection Inspect each bulk package taken in accordance with 5.1(a) for compliance with the relevant requirements of Section 4, then open it and examine two packets (taken at random) for compliance with the applicable requirements of Section 4. 6.2 Conditioning and test condition

43、s Prior to testing, store the 200 boxes that comprise the test sample (see 5.1(b) in a single layer for at least 24 h in a chamber in which the atmosphere is maintained at 25 2 C and at a relative humidity of 50 + 4 % and test as described in 6.3, 6.6.3-6.6.7, 6.6.10, 6.7.1, and 6.7.3 within 1 h aft

44、er removing the required test pieces from this chamber. 6.3 Transverse breaking strength of splints 6.3.1 Apparatus As described in the relevant method given in SANS 223. 6.3.2 Test specimens From 30 boxes taken at random from the test sample, take at random 100 matches with undamaged splints (see t

45、able 1). 6.3.3 Procedure Add one 200 g mass to the loading assembly (to give a total mass of 700 g), then place each match (in turn) centrally across the two parallel edges that are 25 mm apart, lower the assembly carefully until the anvil rests on the test specimen, and check for compliance with 3.

46、2.2. 6.4 Length of match From the test set of 100 boxes tested for correct fit of tray (see 6.7.1), take at random a test set of 100 matches that are free from visible defects (see table 1) and use a vernier calliper to determine the length, in millimetres, of each of these matches. Reserve the boxe

47、s of matches for the examinations given in 6.5. 6.5 Freedom from visible defects 6.5.1 Matches Without examining them take 10 matches at random from each of the 100 boxes reserved in terms of 6.4, examine them (with the unaided eye) for the defects listed in table 1, and note the number of defects o

48、f each type that occurs. Take the remaining matches out of the boxes, reserve the boxes for the examination given in 6.5.2, thoroughly mix the matches and keep them in a chamber in which the atmosphere is controlled (see 6.2) until they are used for the tests given in 6.6. SANS 1148:2008 Edition 1.1

49、 9 6.5.2 Boxes Examine the 100 boxes reserved in terms of 6.5.1 for the defects listed in table 3, and note the number of defects of each type that occurs. From the boxes that are free from defects, take (at random) 10 boxes and keep them in a chamber in which the atmosphere is controlled (see 6.2) until they are used for the test described in 6.7.3. Then take (at random) one box, reserve it for the test given in 6.6.8, and reserve the remainder of the boxes for the tests given in 6.7.2 and 6.7.4. 6.6 Tests for functional failures of matches NOTE Suitable protecti