SANS 10234-2008 Globally Harmonized System of classification and labelling of chemicals (GHS)《化学品分类及标签全球统一系统(GHS)》.pdf

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1、 Collection of SANS standards in electronic format (PDF) 1. Copyright This standard is available to staff members of companies that have subscribed to the complete collection of SANS standards in accordance with a formal copyright agreement. This document may reside on a CENTRAL FILE SERVER or INTRA

2、NET SYSTEM only. Unless specific permission has been granted, this document MAY NOT be sent or given to staff members from other companies or organizations. Doing so would constitute a VIOLATION of SABS copyright rules. 2. Indemnity The South African Bureau of Standards accepts no liability for any

3、damage whatsoever than may result from the use of this material or the information contain therein, irrespective of the cause and quantum thereof. ISBN 978-0-626-22221-5 SANS 10234:2008Edition 1.1SOUTH AFRICAN NATIONAL STANDARD Globally Harmonized System of classification and labelling of chemicals

4、(GHS) Warning Can only be used in conjunction with the Supplement to SANS 10234 Published by SABS Standards Division 1 Dr Lategan Road Groenkloof Private Bag X191 Pretoria 0001Tel: +27 12 428 7911 Fax: +27 12 344 1568 www.sabs.co.za SABS SANS 10234:2008 Edition 1.1 Table of changes Change No. Date S

5、cope Amdt 1 2008 Amended to include a reference to the Supplement to SANS 10234; exemption of stock remedies from the requirements; addition of “crustacea” to the definitions of environmental tocixity; removal of the colour orange from the pesticide colour band requirements; amendment of the classif

6、ication criteria for category 2 skin irritants and category 3 acute dermal toxicity; correction of the text of health hazard statements and the numbering of environmental hazard statements; correction of the concentration limits for salinity of the marine test medium. Acknowledgement Standards South

7、 Africa wishes to acknowledge the valuable assistance derived from publications by the United Nations Transport Division, Geneva, Switzerland. Foreword This South African standard was approved by National Committee SABS SC 1060B, National committee for dangerous goods standards Classification and in

8、formation, in accordance with procedures of the SABS Standards Division in compliance with annex 3 of the WTO/TBT agreement. This document was published in December 2008. This document supersedes SANS 10234:2007 (edition 1). Owing to the fact that information in respect of names and addresses of com

9、petent authorities and certification authorities dealing with dangerous goods is subject to change, details of the competent authorities and certification authorities are given in a general advice sheet provided with this standard. This advice sheet will be updated every six months and it is the res

10、ponsibility of the competent authority/certification authority to notify Standards South Africa of any changes. The advice sheet will be available, free of charge, from the Standards Sales Department of Standards South Africa. The Supplement to SANS 10234 List of GHS classification and labelling of

11、chemicals consists of an alphabetical list of chemicals classified in accordance with the GHS and a numerical list of the re-classified chemicals in accordance with the CAS (Chemical Abstracts Registry) numbers. Amdt 1 Annexes A, B and J form an integral part of this standard. Annexes C, D, E, F, G,

12、 H, and I are for information only. In 5.2.2 mention is made of “accredited laboratories“. In South Africa this refers to laboratories that are accredited by SANAS (South African Accreditation System). In 6.5.1 mention is made of “national qualifications authority”. In South Africa this is the South

13、 African Qualifications Authority (SAQA). In 6.7.2.9.2.1 it is required that colour bands be used on pesticide labels. In South Africa labelling of pesticides is regulated by the Fertilizer, Farm Feeds, Agricultural Remedies and Stock Remedies Act, 1947 (Act No. 36 of 1947) (as amended). SANS 10234:

14、2008 Edition 1.1 1 Foreword (concluded) In 6.7.5.12 mention is made of the registration number required before a pesticide can be placed on the market. In South Africa this is regulated by The Registrar, Act 36/1947 in accordance with the Fertilizer, Farm Feeds, Agricultural Remedies and Stock Remed

15、ies Act, 1947 (Act No. 36 of 1947) (asamended) In 8.1.2 mention is made of national legislation, provisions and requirements for SDSs. In South Africa, SDSs are regulated by the Occupational Health and Safety Act, 1993 (Act No. 85 of 1993). In C.4.9.1.1 reference is made to “occupational exposure li

16、mit(s)”. In South Africa, the permissible concentration of hazardous air-borne substances is regulated by the Hazardous Chemical Substances Regulations of the Occupational Health and Safety Act, 1993 (Act No. 85 of 1993). Introduction The use of chemical products to enhance and improve life is a wid

17、espread practice worldwide. But alongside the benefits of these products, there is also potential for adverse effects to people or the environment. Given the reality of the extensive global trade in chemicals, it was recognized that a globally harmonized approach to the classification, labelling and

18、 Safety Data Sheets (SDS) for chemicals is imperative. SANS 10234:2008 Edition 1.1 2 This page is intentionally left blank SANS 10234:2008 Edition 1.1 3 Contents Page Acknowledgement Foreword Introduction 1 1 Scope 7 2 Normative references 7 3 Definitions and abbreviations 8 3.1 Definitions 8 3.2 Ab

19、breviations . 17 4 Applicability of the GHS. 19 5 Classification criteria . 19 5.1 General 19 5.2 Biological availability 19 5.3 Evidence from humans 20 5.4 Impurities and additives . 20 5.5 Cut-off values/concentration limits. 20 5.6 Synergistic or antagonistic effects . 21 6 Labelling 21 6.1 Gener

20、al 21 6.2 Supplemental label information 21 6.3 Updating of label information . 21 6.4 Confidential business information (CBI). 22 6.5 Training 22 6.6 Hazard symbols and pictograms 22 6.7 Label elements. 24 6.7.1 Transport label elements 24 6.7.2 GHS label elements . 24 6.7.3 Workplace labelling 27

21、6.7.4 Consumer product labelling . 28 6.7.5 Special provisions for the labelling of certain products 28 7 Packaging 31 7.1 General 31 7.2 Child-resistant closures (CRCs) and tactile warnings 32 SANS 10234:2008 Edition 1.1 4 Contents (continued) Page 8 Safety data sheets (SDS) 32 8.1 General 32 8.2 S

22、DS format 34 8.3 SDS content 34 9 Physical hazards . 37 9.1 Explosives . 37 9.2 Flammable gases 39 9.3 Flammable aerosols 40 9.4 Oxidizing gases . 41 9.5 Gases under pressure. 41 9.6 Flammable liquids . 42 9.7 Flammable solids 43 9.8 Self-reactive substances and mixtures . 44 9.9 Pyrophoric substanc

23、es 47 9.10 Self-heating substances and mixtures 48 9.11 Substances and mixtures that, on contact with water, emit flammable gases 49 9.12 Oxidizing substances and mixtures. 51 9.13 Organic peroxides . 54 9.14 Corrosive to metals . 56 10 Health hazards 57 10.1 Acute toxicity . 57 10.2 Skin corrosion

24、and skin irritation . 65 10.3 Serious eye damage and eye irritation 73 10.4 Respiratory sensitization and skin sensitization 82 10.5 Germ cell mutagenicity 87 10.6 Carcinogenicity 91 10.7 Reproductive toxicity . 95 10.8 Specific target organ toxicity single exposure 103 10.9 Specific target organ to

25、xicity repeated exposure . 111 10.10 Aspiration hazards. 119 11 Hazards to the aquatic environment . 122 11.1 General 122 11.2 Classification criteria for substances. 123 11.3 Classification criteria for mixtures 129 11.4 Hazard communication 136 Bibliography 137 SANS 10234:2008 Edition 1.1 5 Conten

26、ts (continued) Page Annex A (normative) Allocation of label elements. A1 Annex B (normative) Hazard communication and classification summary tables. B1 Annex C (informative) Guidance on the preparation of safety data sheets (SDS) C1 Annex D (informative) Consumer product labelling based on the likel

27、ihood of injury . D1 Annex E (informative) Examples of arrangements of the GHS label elements E1 Annex F (informative) An example of classification in the Globally Harmonized System. F1 Annex G (informative) Guidance on hazards to the aquatic environment. G1 G.1 Introduction. G1 G.2 The harmonized c

28、lassification scheme G4 G.2.1 Classification categories and criteria . G4 G.2.2 Rationale G4 G.2.3 Application G6 G.2.4 Data availability G7 G.2.5 Data quality G7 G.3 Aquatic toxicity G8 G.3.1 Introduction G8 G.3.2 Description of tests. G8 G.3.3 Aquatic toxicity concepts G10 G.3.4 Weight of evidence

29、. G12 G.3.5 Substances difficult to test . G12 G.3.6 Interpretation of data quality. G18 G.4 Degradation G19 G.4.1 Introduction G19 G.4.2 Interpretation of degradability data G19 G.4.3 General interpretation problems G24 G.4.4 Decision scheme G26 G.5 Bioaccumulation . G27 G.5.1 Introduction G27 G.5.

30、2 Interpretation of bioconcentration data G28 G.5.3 Chemical classes that need special attention with respect to BCF and Kow values G32 G.5.4 Conflicting data and lack of data G33 G.5.5 Decision scheme G34 SANS 10234:2008 Edition 1.1 6 Contents (concluded) Page G.6 Classification of metals and metal

31、 compounds G35 G.6.1 Introduction G35 G.6.2 Application of aquatic toxicity data and solubility data for classification G37 G.6.3 Assessment of environmental transformation G38 G.6.4 Bioaccumulation. G39 G.6.5 Application of classification criteria to metals and metal compounds G39 G.6.6 Particle si

32、ze and surface area G43 Annex H (informative) Testing for transformation/dissolution of metal and metal compounds in aqueous media. H1 Annex I (informative) Relevant South African regulations and statutory provisions I1 Annex J (normative) Internationally accepted test methods for health and environ

33、mental hazards J1 SANS 10234:2008 Edition 1.1 7 Globally Harmonized System of classification and labelling of chemicals (GHS) 1 Scope This standard covers the harmonized criteria for the classification of hazardous substances and mixtures, including waste, for their safe transport, use at the workpl

34、ace or in the home according to their health, environmental and physical hazards, for example acute toxicity and flammability. It gives the harmonized communication elements for labelling and safety data sheets. The classification and labelling of pharmaceuticals (including stock remedies), food add

35、itives, cosmetics, and pesticide residues in food are not covered by this standard in terms of labelling at the point of intentional intake. However, they are covered by the standard where workers might be exposed to them and in transport if the potential exposure warrants. Amdt 1 2 Normative refere

36、nces The following referenced documents are indispensable for the application of this document. All normative documents are subject to revision and, since any reference to a normative document is deemed to be a reference to the latest edition of that document, parties to agreements based on this doc

37、ument are encouraged to take steps to ensure the use of the most recent editions of the normative documents indicated below. Information on currently valid national and international standards can be obtained from the SABS Standards Division. 2.1 Standards ASTM D445, Standard test method for kinemat

38、ic viscosity of transparent and opaque liquids (and calculations of the dynamic viscosity). ASTM D4359-90, Standard test method for determining whether a material is a liquid or a solid. ISO 2137, Petroleum products Lubricating grease and petrolatum Determination of cone penetration. ISO 3219, Plast

39、ics, polymers/resins in the liquid state or as emulsions or dispersions Determination of viscosity using a rotational viscometer with defined shear rate. ISO 6503, Paints and varnishes Determination of total lead Flame atomic absorption spectrometric method. ISO 8317, Child-resistant packaging Requi

40、rements and testing procedures for reclosable packages. SANS 10234:2008 Edition 1.1 8 ISO 10156, Gases and gas mixtures Determination of fire potential and oxidizing ability for the selection of cylinder valve outlets. ISO 10156-2, Gas cylinders Gases and gas mixtures Part 2: Determination of oxidiz

41、ing ability of toxic and corrosive gases and gas mixtures. ISO 11683, Packaging Tactile warnings of danger Requirements. SANS 10228, The identification and classification of dangerous goods for transport. SANS 10229-1, Transport of dangerous goods Packaging and large packaging of dangerous goods for

42、 road and rail transport Part 1: Packaging. SANS 10233 (SABS 0233), Transport of dangerous goods Intermediate bulk containers. 2.2 Other publications United Nations Recommendations on the Transport of Dangerous Goods, Manual of Tests and Criteria. NOTE The United Nations Recommendations on the trans

43、port of dangerous goods, Manual of tests and criteria, will be referred to as the United Nations Manual of tests and criteria in the text of this standard. Recommendations on the Transport of Dangerous Goods, Model Regulations the latest revised edition of the United Nations publication bearing this

44、 title, and any published amendment thereto. 3 Definitions and abbreviations 3.1 Definitions For the purposes of this document, the following definitions apply. 3.1.1 abiotic incompatible with life 3.1.2 aerosol non-refillable receptacle made of metal, glass or plastics and containing a gas compress

45、ed, liquefied or dissolved under pressure, with or without a liquid, paste or powder, and fitted with a release device allowing the contents to be ejected as solid or liquid particles in suspension in a gas, as a foam, paste or powder or in a liquid state or in a gaseous state NOTE Aerosol includes

46、aerosol dispensers. 3.1.3 acute aquatic toxicity intrinsic property of a substance to be injurious to an aquatic organism following short-term exposure to that substance 3.1.4 acute toxicity adverse effects occurring after oral or dermal administration of a single dose of a substance, or multiple do

47、ses given within 24 h, or an inhalation exposure of 4 h SANS 10234:2008 Edition 1.1 9 3.1.5 alloy metallic material, homogeneous on a macroscopic scale, consisting of two or more elements so combined that they cannot be readily separated by mechanical means NOTE An alloy is considered to be a mixtur

48、e for purposes of classification in accordance with this standard. 3.1.6 aspiration entry of a liquid or a solid chemical product into the trachea and lower respiratory system directly through the oral or nasal cavity, or indirectly from vomiting 3.1.7 availability extent to which a substance become

49、s a soluble or disaggregate species (see also 3.1.55 for metal availability) 3.1.8 bioaccumulation net result of uptake, transformation and elimination of a substance in an organism due to all routes of exposure (air, water, sediment/soil and food) 3.1.9 bioavailability extent to which a substance is taken up by an organism and distributed to an area within the organism NOTE 1 Bioavailability is dependent upon the physico-chemical properties of a substance, the anatomy and the physiology of the organism, pharmacokinetics, and the route of exp