SANS 10120-3 LD-1982 Code of practice for use with standardized specifications for civil engineering construction and contract documents Part 3 Guidance for design Section LD Sewer.pdf
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1、 Collection of SANS standards in electronic format (PDF) 1. Copyright This standard is available to staff members of companies that have subscribed to the complete collection of SANS standards in accordance with a formal copyright agreement. This document may reside on a CENTRAL FILE SERVER or INTRA
2、NET SYSTEM only. Unless specific permission has been granted, this document MAY NOT be sent or given to staff members from other companies or organizations. Doing so would constitute a VIOLATION of SABS copyright rules. 2. Indemnity The South African Bureau of Standards accepts no liability for any
3、damage whatsoever than may result from the use of this material or the information contain therein, irrespective of the cause and quantum thereof. SABS 0120 : Part 3 Section LD-1962 Sewers PART 3 : GUIDANCE PUR UESlGll CONTENTS Clause .- 1 . 1.1 1.1.1 1.1.2 1.1.3 1 . 1.4 1.3.5 1.1.6 1.2 1.2.1 1.2.2
4、1.3 1.3.1 1.3.2 1.3.3 1.3.4 1.3.5 1.3.6 1.3.7 l 3.8 1.3.9 1.3.10 1.3.11 1.3.12 1.3.13 1.3.14 L. 2.1 2.1.1 2.1.2 2.1.3 2.1.4 2.1.5 2.1.6 2.1.7 2.1.8 2.1.9 2.1 10 2.1.11 2.1.12 2.2 2.2.1 2.2.2 2.2.3 2.2.4 2.2.5 2.2.6 2.2.7 2.2.8 2.2.9 2.3 2.3.1 2.4 3 . 3.1 4 . 4.1 4.2 4.2.1 4.2.2 4.2.3 4.3 4.4 4.4.1.
5、4.4.2 4.4.3 4.4.4 4.4.5 5 . lage Number PRIS-TIINUER CONSIDERATIONS 1 lrtvcstigations + 1 High strength vitrified clay pipes 1 Joints for vitrified clay pipes 1 Sand for plaster and mortar 1 Step irons . 1 Connecting sewers with depth of drop greater than 3 In l Mnintenance methods 1 Adrninfstration
6、 . 1 Alterlrative materials l Pitch-impregnated fibre pipes 1 Document.ation 1 . Chemical effluents 1 Pitch-impregnated fihre pipes . 1 Joints . 1 Bricks for manholes. etc . 1 Step irons . 1 Materials and methods of construction for manholes and chambers 1 Drop connectiors . l Protection of shallow
7、pipes 1 . Tolerances and variation of permissihlc deviations 2 Testing 2 Details in schedule for connection to existing sewer . 2 Scheduling large manholes . 2 other documentation requirements . 2 Risinq nrains 2 DESIGN REQUIREMENTS 2 Design Criteria 2 General . 2 Drsi.gn of bedding for pipes 2 Deta
8、il on drawings . 2 Intersecting services 2 Hydraulic design . 2 Maximum gradients and anchor blocks . 2 Mi.nimum gradients 2 Location of manholes 3 Connr?c;tions to drainage systems 3 Depth of drop at crrnnoctions . 3 klinirnum cover over sewers 3 Curvcs in pipelines of vitrified pipes 3 Natpriais 3
9、 Flexible pipes . 3 Couplirigs for vitrified clay pipes 3 Joints in vitrified clay pipes 3 Class of AC pipes and type of joints . 3 Straightness of AC pipes . 3 Pitch-impregnated fibre pipes Ashpstos cement manholes . Effect of sulphates ines are used it would be ilXogical to decline the use of AC m
10、anholt?. . - 2.2.0 et. c ulhate on p and Manhole. Consider the followinr before scheduling or spc,:ifyitig articular materials for pipelines and manholes: a) The disintegration of pipes carrying sewage is caused mainly by condensation on the roof of the pipes. Manholes and chambers, being more open,
11、 are less vulnerable to this type of disintegration; b) marholes and chambers are more accessible than pipelines for inspection and repair; c) the stresses in the walls of manholes are lower than those in pipe walls. 2.9 Infiltration at Manholes (See also Subclause 3.1.8 of Section LD of Part 5 of t
12、he code). Infi.ltration j.nto sewers is a common problem that is costly in the long term because it increases the volume of liquid for which provision must. be made in the design of sewage treatment works. Leakage into manholes is a significant source of infiltration and, generally speaking, the cos
13、t of making manholes watertight to minimize infiltration from this source is negligible when compared with the cost, of ignoring this source of infiltration. Therefore, design and specify in such a way as to minimize infiltration. One source of infiltration is seepage through the floor or base of th
14、e manhole. SABS l200 LB“ specifies, for most pipelines, that the pipes leading to a manhole be laid in a granular bed. This bed acts as an ideal watercourse for underground water that, on reaching the manhole, is blocked by the concrete base. Infiltration is almost inevitable if the base has been po
15、orly constructed or if cxternal ground water pressures are high because the manhole is deep and/or the water table is high. Consider improving the watertightness of manholes by requiring that care be exercised and that steps such as the following be taken: a) Use the method shown in Drawing LD-3.1 t
16、o deal with the problem of infiltration at the base of the manhole and at the joints between pipeline and manhole. b) Recluce infiltration through walls l) in the case of brick manholes, by plastering the walls outside or i.nside (or both); 2) in the case of precast corrcrete manholes (Subclause 3.5
17、.2 of SABS 1200 LD), by sealing the joints between successive precast rings by means of a polyurethane cement or a bitumastic filler that is applied to the top of each ring onto which another is to be placed, the joint being trowelled smooth and the adjacent surfaces primed and covered with self-adh
18、esive tape. 2.3 ANCILLARIES 2.3.1 Concrete Casing to PJ b) arter the initial hackfilling has been conpleted. Standard equipment is available Tor conducting air tests. This equipment includes a comprc!ssor driven by a petrol engine and is portable. The pxessure is indicatecl on both a dial gauge and
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