SAE J 3109-2017 PWM HVAC Blower Controller and BLDC Motor Controller Efficiency Assessment.pdf
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1、_ SAE Technical Standards Board Rules provide that: “This report is published by SAE to advance the state of technical and engineering sciences. The use of this report is entirely voluntary, and its applicability and suitability for any particular use, including any patent infringement arising there
2、from, is the sole responsibility of the user.” SAE reviews each technical report at least every five years at which time it may be revised, reaffirmed, stabilized, or cancelled. SAE invites your written comments and suggestions. Copyright 2017 SAE International All rights reserved. No part of this p
3、ublication may be reproduced, stored in a retrieval system or transmitted, in any form or by any means, electronic, mechanical, photocopying, recording, or otherwise, without the prior written permission of SAE. TO PLACE A DOCUMENT ORDER: Tel: 877-606-7323 (inside USA and Canada) Tel: +1 724-776-497
4、0 (outside USA) Fax: 724-776-0790 Email: CustomerServicesae.org SAE WEB ADDRESS: http:/www.sae.org SAE values your input. To provide feedback on this Technical Report, please visit http:/standards.sae.org/J3109_201707 SURFACE VEHICLE STANDARD J3109 JUL2017 Issued 2017-07 PWM HVAC Blower Controller a
5、nd BLDC Motor Controller Efficiency Assessment RATIONALE Legislation has been introduced that provides credits for the use of emission reduction technologies. One such technology is the use of a Pulse Width Modulated (PWM) HVAC Blower Controller (together with a brushed DC motor) or a Brushless DC c
6、ontroller (with Brushless DC motor) in place of traditional HVAC Blower Controllers such as resistors or Linear Power Modules. A uniform standard does not exist to evaluate the efficiency of such controllers and estimate the impact towards emissions and qualify for credit with the legislative bodies
7、. 1. SCOPE The intention of this standard is to establish a framework to measure the efficiency of PWM HVAC Blower Controllers and Brushless DC Motor Controllers and define a usage based overall efficiency. This result can then be used by vehicle OEMs to demonstrate compliance towards requirements o
8、r benchmarks established by regulatory agencies. 2. REFERENCES 2.1 Applicable Documents The following publications form a part of this specification to the extent specified herein. Unless otherwise indicated, the latest issue of SAE publications shall apply. 2.1.1 Related Publications The following
9、publications are provided for information purposes only and are not a required part of this SAE Technical Report. EPA-HQ-OAR-2010-799; FRL-9706-5; NHTSA-2010-0131: 2017 and Later Model Year Light-Duty Vehicle Greenhouse Gas Emissions and Corporate Average Fuel Economy Standards 3. DEFINITIONS All ph
10、ysical dimensions and units are expressed in SI units and all voltage is assumed to be in Direct Current (DC) unless otherwise noted. 3.1 PULSE WIDTH MODULATION (PWM) Pulse-width modulation (PWM) is a modulation process or technique used to control output power supplied to electrical devices, especi
11、ally to inductive loads such as motor, by means of switching between supply and load on and off at a high frequency. In this document, PWM will also be used to describe an HVAC blower controller using this control method. SAE INTERNATIONAL J3109 JUL2017 Page 2 of 9 3.2 LINEAR POWER MODULE (LPM) An H
12、VAC blower controller which operates a transistor in a linear mode to control output voltage to an HVAC blower motor. 3.3 VARIABLE BLOWER CONTROLLER (VBC) Another name for a Linear Power Module. 3.4 BRUSHLESS DC MOTOR (BLDC) A motor that is commutated via electronic switching rather than a brush and
13、 commutator. 4. EQUIPMENT 4.1 DC Power Supply (Regulated): 0 to 20 V and 0 to 40 A 4.2 Signal generator or LIN-BUS Master device to provide set point to LIN-based controllers 4.3 For PWM and Brush DC motor 4.3.1 All voltage measurement equipment shall be accurate to within 0.05% of reading 20 KHz sq
14、uare wave signal with average measurement. 4.3.2 Current shunt: 100 A/100 mV at 0.1% 4.4 For BLDC Controller 4.4.1 Oscilloscope (1 needed) High-end oscilloscope for advanced math functions and deep memory Minimum of 4 channels 20 MHz bandwidth, sampling rate 10 MS/s, 8-bit resolution Sample memory d
15、epth 10 MS 4.4.2 Current Probes (minimum of 2 needed) Bandwidth 1 MHz Range 30 A to 50 A Note: Rogowski coils and current transformers cannot be used. Only DC-capable probes can be used. 4.4.3 Differential Voltage Probes (minimum of 2 needed) Bandwidth: 20 MHz Range: 20 V, but 100 V 4.4.4 PWM Contro
16、ller with Brushed DC Motor SAE INTERNATIONAL J3109 JUL2017 Page 3 of 9 5. TEST SET-UP 5.1 Load The load shall be set with 13.5 V at the power input of the PWM Controller and the set point input to the controller (duty cycle or LIN) shall be adjusted to provide 12.5 Vavg output to the load. 5.1.1 Usi
17、ng HVAC Blower With the electrical input to the PWM Controller adjusted as described in 5.1, restrict the inlet or outlet of the HVAC blower such that the current draw is in accordance to the current listed in Table 2. 5.1.2 Using Load Simulator With the electrical input to the PWM adjusted as descr
18、ibed in 5.1, select an inductive-resistive load to draw the currents listed at the respective voltages in Table 2. The inductance shall be 70 to 200 H. The resistance can be adjusted by use of different values of resistors set in parallel or series, or a sufficiently sized variable resistor, in orde
19、r to obtain the targeted current draw. LRL o a d +L o a d -Figure 1 - Example of load simulator 5.1.3 Wire Connection 3.0 mm2 or 12 AWG wire of a length of 150 mm 10 mm from connector to connector (wire insertion side) shall be used to connect the power module to the blower motor or resistive load.
20、5.1.4 Test Diagram Components and instrumentation shall be set-up in accordance to the diagrams below: SAE INTERNATIONAL J3109 JUL2017 Page 4 of 9 P W ML o a dV b a tH V A CC o n t r o lL o a d +L o a d -V b a tM o t o r -I n p u tG N DG N DM o t o r +S h u n tM e a s u r e m e n t P o i n t : I n p
21、 u t V o l t a g eM e a s u r e m e n t P o i n t : G r o u n dM e a s u r e m e n t P o i n t : M o t o r +M e a s u r e m e n t P o i n t : M o t o r -S h u n tM e a s u r e m e n t P o i n t : O u t p u t C u r r e n tM e a s u r e m e n t P o i n t : I n p u t C u r r e n tFigure 2 - Test set-up
22、 for PWM with high-side switch P W MM o t o rV b a tH V A CC o n t r o lL o a d +L o a d -V b a tM o t o r -I n p u tG N DG N DM o t o r +M e a s u r e m e n t P o i n t : I n p u t V o l t a g eM e a s u r e m e n t P o i n t : G r o u n dM e a s u r e m e n t P o i n t : M o t o r +M e a s u r e m
23、 e n t P o i n t : M o t o r -S h u n tM e a s u r e m e n t P o i n t : O u t p u t C u r r e n tM e a s u r e m e n t P o i n t : I n p u t C u r r e n tS h u n tFigure 3 - Test set-up for PWM with low-side switch The manufacturer shall use a harness in good condition in order to remove variabilit
24、y of the contact losses of the terminals due to assembly and dis-assembly. The sense wires should be connected to wires near the connector. The voltage drop across the shunt should be read according to a 4-wire measurement technique as shown on Figures 2 and 3. 5.1.5 Ambient Conditions Test should b
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