SAE J 706-2003 Rating of Winches《绞车评级》.pdf

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1、SAE Technical Standards Board Rules provide that: “This report is published by SAE to advance the state of technical and engineering sciences. The use of this report is entirelyvoluntary, and its applicability and suitability for any particular use, including any patent infringement arising therefro

2、m, is the sole responsibility of the user.”SAE reviews each technical report at least every five years at which time it may be reaffirmed, revised, or cancelled. SAE invites your written comments and suggestions.Copyright 2003 SAE InternationalAll rights reserved. No part of this publication may be

3、reproduced, stored in a retrieval system or transmitted, in any form or by any means, electronic, mechanical, photocopying,recording, or otherwise, without the prior written permission of SAE.TO PLACE A DOCUMENT ORDER: Tel: 877-606-7323 (inside USA and Canada)Tel: 724-776-4970 (outside USA)Fax: 724-

4、776-0790Email: custsvcsae.orgSAE WEB ADDRESS: http:/www.sae.orgSURFACEVEHICLESTANDARDJ706REV.AUG2003Issued 1954-01Revised 2003-08Superseding J706 JUN1999Rating of Winches1. ScopeThis SAE Standard applies only to new winches which are primarily designed for intermittent pullsand lifts and whose confi

5、guration and condition are the same as when they were shipped by the manufacturer.They are not intended to be used in any manner for the movement of personnel. They may be driven by anypower source recommended by the manufacturer and will be capable of being powered in either direction.They will be

6、equipped with an automatic safety brake system to control a load when lowering under power andpositively hold a load when power is not being delivered to the winch. A hydraulic flow control valve or similardevice may be used in the brake system to control a load when lowering under power. A clutch t

7、o release thedrum for “free-spooling” may be provided and will be designed not to disengage itself under load. A drag brakemay be provided to control “free-spooling,” but will not be relied on to control or hold a load. Power sources,such as hydraulic motors, even though they may be supplied or reco

8、mmended by the winch manufacturer, arenot considered a part of the winch so far as this document is concerned, except to whatever extent they are apart of the brake system.2. ReferencesThere are no referenced publications specified herein.3. Definitions3.1 Free-SpoolThe operation of unspooling wire

9、rope from a drum by pulling on the free end of the rope whilethe winch is stationary. The drum is disconnected (declutched) from its powertrain during this operation.3.2 WrapA single coil of wire rope wound on a drum.3.3 LayerAll wraps of the same diameter between drum flanges.3.4 FreeboardThe amoun

10、t of drum flange that extends radially past the top wire rope layer of a full drum.3.5 Full DrumA drum containing the maximum permissible number of layers as defined in 5.5.3.6 Rated LoadThe load that produces the maximum rated line pull on the first layer.4. General Specifications4.1 Name PlateA na

11、me plate containing the following information will be permanently attached to a major winchcomponent in a location on the winch that is both conspicuous and protected.Copyright SAE International Provided by IHS under license with SAENot for ResaleNo reproduction or networking permitted without licen

12、se from IHS-,-SAE J706 Revised AUG2003-2-4.1.1 MANUFACTURERS NAME4.1.2 MANUFACTURERS MODEL DESIGNATION4.1.3 RATED LINE PULL“L” layer, (full drum) pounds1First layer (pounds)4.1.4 RATED INPUT SPEED AT RATED LINE PULL (RPM)4.1.5 DUTY CYCLE RATING (FEET OR F)4.1.6 MAXIMUM RECOMMENDED WIRE ROPE DIAMETER

13、 (INCHES)4.1.7 A warning that winches covered by this specification are not intended to be used in any manner for themovement or lifting of personnel.4.2 Safety Brake SystemThe safety brake system will be capable of automatically and continuously holdingrated load when power is not being delivered t

14、o the winch. When lowering a load under power, it will operateautomatically and have adequate thermal capacity to control rated load at rated speed for a distance of 50 ftwithout appreciable loss of effectiveness due to temperature rise. Any lossother than that due to normalwearis expected to return

15、 when the brake cools. Adjusting means, automatic or manual, will be provided tocompensate for wear of friction materials. When raising a load, the safety brake will automatically release andnot generate an appreciable amount of heat.4.3 Drum Release ClutchThe clutch, if provided, will be a positive

16、-engagement type; friction-type clutches arenot acceptable. Automatically applied means such as springs, detents, or angled jaw faces will be provided toinsure that the clutch will not slip out of engagement under load.4.4 Drum Drag BrakeA drum drag brake will be provided if a drum release clutch is

17、 not provided. Its purpose isto prevent the drum from overrunning the wire rope when “free-spooling,” and it will not be relied on to controlor hold a load.4.5 Drum DiameterThe drum diameter will be at least eight times the maximum recommended wire ropediameter.5. Published DataThe manufacturers lit

18、erature will contain, as a minimum, the information in 5.1 through 5.8.5.1 Duty Cycle Rating (feet or F)The duty cycle rating is the total number of feet of wire rope travel at ratedline speed and one-half rated line pull to achieve a temperature rise from 100 F to 250 F, or, if thetemperature stabi

19、lizes below 250 F, the duty cycle is the stabilization temperature. (See 6.2 for the procedureto establish the duty cycle rating).5.2 Starting Input Torque (pound-feet)The starting input torque is the torque at the winch input shaft requiredto start rated load upward from a suspended position.5.3 Ru

20、nning Input Torque (pound-feet)The running input torque is the torque at the winch input shaft requiredto maintain upward movement of rated load.1. Letters on this line to be approximately 50% larger than letters on the “first layer” line. Use the value of “L” calculated from 5.5 for the maximum rec

21、ommended wire rope diameter.Copyright SAE International Provided by IHS under license with SAENot for ResaleNo reproduction or networking permitted without license from IHS-,-SAE J706 Revised AUG2003-3-5.4 Rated Input Speed (rpm)The rated input speed is the maximum permissible input speed at rated l

22、oad asdetermined by each manufacturer.5.5 Maximum Permissible Number of LayersThe maximum permissible number of layers of wire rope on thedrum will be calculated from Equation 1. (See Figure 1.)(Eq. 1)where:L = maximum permissible number of layersF = drum flange diameter (inches)D = drum Barrel diam

23、eter (inches)d = wire rope diameter (inches)m = freeboard 0.7d (inches)FIGURE 1DRUM DIMENSIONS5.6 Drum Storage Capacity (feet)The drum storage capacity will be calculated from Equation 2 and publishedas a cumulative figure for each layer, using the maximum recommended wire rope size.(Eq. 2)where:C =

24、 drum storage capacity (feet)K = wire rope compensation factorn = number of layers (L = maximum number)D = drum barrel diameter (inches)d = wire rope diameter (inches)W = width between drum flanges (inches)LFD 2m2d- (Use integer portion or result)=CKWnD nd+()12d-=Copyright SAE International Provided

25、 by IHS under license with SAENot for ResaleNo reproduction or networking permitted without license from IHS-,-SAE J706 Revised AUG2003-4-The wire rope compensation factor, K, is used to correct for spooling and dimensional variations. It has anormal range of 0.7 to 0.9. The manufacturer will includ

26、e in the literature the value of K used to calculate thedrum storage capacity.5.7 Rated Line Pull (pounds)The rated line pull is the line pull on any layer that results from the output torquethat produces maximum rated line pull on the first layer. The rated line pull will be calculated from Equatio

27、n 3and published for each layer, using the maximum recommended wire rope size.(Eq. 3)where:P = rated line pull (pounds)d = wire rope diameter (inches)D = drum barrel diameter (inches)n = number of layers (L = maximum number)Pmax = maximum (first layer) rated line pull (pounds) (See 6.1 for the proce

28、dure to establish maximumrated line pull.)The following note will be published in conjunction with rated line pulls when wire rope is not provided with thewinch: “The rated line pulls shown are for the winch only. Consult the wire rope manufacturer for wire roperatings.”When wire rope is provided wi

29、th the winch, the following note will be published in conjunction with rated linepulls: “Rated line pulls shown are for the winch only. The breaking strength of new (size and construction) wirerope is (breaking strength) (pounds).” The winch manufacturer will use the description and breaking strengt

30、hof the wire rope provided with the winch in the preceding paragraph.If a layer is not specified, numerical reference to rated line pull in the manufacturers literature will be shown astwo numbers with a slash mark between them. The first number is the rated line pull for the full drum, and thesecon

31、d is the rated line pull for the first layer. Each such reference will include an asterisk which refers thereader to a note which reads: “The first number is the rated line pull in pounds for the full drum, and the secondnumber is the rated line pull in pounds for the first layer.”5.8 Rated Line Spe

32、ed (feet per minute)Rated line speed is the line speed on any layer that results from ratedinput speed (see 5.4). The rated line speed will be calculated from Equation 4 and published for each layer,using the maximum recommended wire rope size.(Eq. 4)where:S = rated line speed (feet per minute)N = r

33、ated input speed (rpm)d = wire rope diameter (inches)n = number of layer (L = maximum number)D = drum barrel diameter (inches)R = gear ratio5.9 The requirements of the hydraulic motors supplied or recommended for the winch are to be included. Themaximum operating pressure and maximum flow rate shoul

34、d be published. (Although the specification doesntconsider the hydraulic motor as part of the winch, the requirements should help in the procurement process.)PPmaxdD+d2n 1()D+-=SNd2n 1()D+12R-=Copyright SAE International Provided by IHS under license with SAENot for ResaleNo reproduction or networki

35、ng permitted without license from IHS-,-SAE J706 Revised AUG2003-5-6. Manufacturers Test Procedures6.1 Maximum Rated Line PullMaximum rated line pull will be established as follows:6.1.1 A load equal to twice the desired maximum rated line pull will be applied to the drum on the first layer at aneff

36、ective distance from one flange of no more than five times the maximum recommended wire ropediameter. This load will be maintained while the winch is powered for at least one drum revolution at half ofrated line speed. The direction of pull will be on a horizontal within 15 degrees and perpendicular

37、 to thecenterline of the winch drum within 5 degrees. The test will then be repeated with a load equal to thedesired rated line pull. Both tests will then be repeated on the opposite end of the drum.6.1.2 In order to obtain sufficient wire rope strength to lift twice the desired maximum rated load,

38、the rope may beoversized, or multiple wire ropes may be used, or both. If wire rope of a size other than the maximumrecommended size is used, rated line pull must be calculated per Equation 5.(Eq. 5)where:P = rated line pull (pounds)Q = test load (pounds)t = radius to center of test load rope from c

39、enterline of drum (inches)r = radius to center of first layer of maximum recommended wire rope size from centerline of drum (inches)All the previous tests will be performed using production winches that are comparable to those that willsubsequently be identified as complying with this specification,

40、 except as indicated in Section 7.6.2 Duty Cycle Rating6.2.1 The duty cycle rating will be established by continuously raising and lowering a load equal to or greater thanone-half rated load at rated line speed without stopping at the top and bottom of each lift any longer thannecessary to reverse d

41、irection. The test begins when the lubricating oil temperature reaches 100 F andterminates when the oil temperature either reaches 250 F or stabilizes below 250 F. The duty cycle ratingis the total feet of travel, both up and down, between 100 F and 250 F, or, if the temperature stabilizesbelow 250

42、F, the duty cycle rating is the stabilization temperature.6.2.2 The duty cycle may also be established by utilizing a hydraulic cylinder or other means provided the linespeed, applied load, and measured or calculated travel are equivalent to those in 6.2.1.6.2.3 The oil used in the test will be the

43、same kind and quantity that is recommended or normally furnished withthe winch.6.2.4 Cooling means will not be used unless such means are an integral part of the winch that will be sold with thewinch.6.2.5 Ambient temperature will be between 35 F and 85 F, and the winch will be tested in relatively

44、still air.7. Test Winches7.1 In those cases where two winch models differ from each other only in ways that do not involve load-carryingmembers, only one model need be tested to qualify both models.QPrt-=Copyright SAE International Provided by IHS under license with SAENot for ResaleNo reproduction

45、or networking permitted without license from IHS-,-SAE J706 Revised AUG2003-6-7.2 In those cases where two or more winches utilize the same parts assembled in different ways to obtaindifferent configurations, only one model need be tested to qualify all configurations, provided that eachconfiguratio

46、n will logically be stressed to the same value and in the same manner with a given load.7.3 In those cases where two winch models are identical except one uses a right-hand worm gear set and theother a left-hand set, only one model need be tested to qualify both models.7.4 In those cases where two w

47、inch models are identical except one is overwound and the other is underwound,only the model representing the worst condition from the standpoint of strength need be tested.7.5 If mounting angles or brackets are furnished with the winch, they must be comparable to the ones used in thetest that quali

48、fied the winch.8. MountingEach manufacturer will publish a suggested mounting method as a guide to insure that theestablished safety factor is not lost due to improper mounting. Such information should include the mountingmethod used by the manufacturer to qualify the winch.9. Notes9.1 Marginal Indi

49、ciaThe change bar (l) located in the left margin is for the convenience of the user in locatingareas where revisions have been made to the previous issue of the report. An (R) symbol to the left of thedocument title indicates a complete revision of the report.PREPARED BY THE SAE TRUCK AND BUS POWER TA