SAE J 1705-2007 Low Water Tolerant Brake Fluids《耐低水位的制动液》.pdf

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1、SAE Technical Standards Board Rules provide that: “This report is published by SAE to advance the state of technical and engineering sciences. The use of this report is entirelyvoluntary, and its applicability and suitability for any particular use, including any patent infringement arising therefro

2、m, is the sole responsibility of the user.”SAE reviews each technical report at least every five years at which time it may be reaffirmed, revised, or cancelled. SAE invites your written comments and suggestions.Copyright 2007 SAE InternationalAll rights reserved. No part of this publication may be

3、reproduced, stored in a retrieval system or transmitted, in any form or by any means, electronic, mechanical, photocopying,recording, or otherwise, without the prior written permission of SAE.TO PLACE A DOCUMENT ORDER: Tel: 877-606-7323 (inside USA and Canada)Tel: 724-776-4970 (outside USA)Fax: 724-

4、776-0790Email: CustomerServicesae.orgSAE WEB ADDRESS: http:/www.sae.orgSURFACEVEHICLERECOMMENDEDPRACTICEJ1705NON- CURRENTJUL2007Issued 1985-03Noncurrent 2007-07Superseding J1705 MAY1995Low Water Tolerant Brake Fluids1. ScopeThis SAE Recommended Practice was prepared by the Motor Vehicle Brake Fluids

5、 Subcommittee ofthe SAE Hydraulic Brake Actuating Systems Committee to provide engineers, designers, and manufacturers ofmotor vehicles with a set of minimum performance standards in order to assess the suitability of silicone andother low water tolerant type brake fluids (LWTF) for use in motor veh

6、icle brake systems. These fluids aredesigned for use in braking systems fitted with rubber cups and seals made from natural rubber (NR), styrene-butadiene rubber (SBR), or a terpolymer of ethylene, propylene, and a diene (EPDM).In the development of the recommended requirements and test procedures c

7、ontained herein, it is concludedthat the LWTFs must be functionally compatible with existing motor vehicle brake fluids conforming to SAEJ1703 and with braking systems designed for such fluids. To utilize LWTFs to the fullest advantage, theyshould not be mixed with other brake fluids. Inadvertent mi

8、xtures of LWTFs with fluids meeting SAE J1703 arenot known to have any adverse effects on performance, but all combinations have not been tested. Vehiclemanufacturers recommendations should be followed where indicated. These fluids are not necessarilysuitable for use in central hydraulic or pumped s

9、ystems and are not intended for use below temperatures of50 C (58 F). Brake fluids covered under this document are not required to tolerate water and extremecaution should be exercised to prevent accidental entry of water which might lead to brake failure. Otherperformance characteristics of these L

10、WTFs not covered in this document are discussed in Appendix A.1.1 RationaleThis document has been found to be Noncurrent, therefore, it may be in use by some areas ofindustry but is not the most up-to-date technical information.2. References2.1 Applicable PublicationsThe following publications form

11、a part of the specification to the extent specifiedherein. Unless otherwise indicated the latest revision of SAE publications shall apply.2.1.1 SAE PUBLICATIONAvailable from SAE, 400 Commonwealth Drive, Warrendale, PA 15096-0001.SAE J1703Motor Vehicle Brake FluidCopyright SAE International Provided

12、by IHS under license with SAENot for ResaleNo reproduction or networking permitted without license from IHS-,-,-SAE J1705 NONCURRENT JUL2007-2-2.1.2 ASTM PUBLICATIONSAvailable from ASTM, 1916 Race Street, Philadelphia, PA 19103-1187.ASTM D 91Test Method for Precipitation Number of Lubricating OilsAS

13、TM D 445Test Method for Kinematic Viscosity of Transparent and Opaque Liquids (and theCalculation of Dynamic Viscosity)ASTM D 1120Test Method for Boiling Point of Engine CoolantsASTM D 1415Test Method for Rubber PropertyInternational HardnessASTM D 2240Test Method for Rubber PropertyDurometer Hardne

14、ssASTM E 1Specification for ASTM ThermometersASTM E 145Specification for Gravity Convection and Forced-Ventilation OvensASTM E 203Test Method for Water Using Karl Fischer Reagent2.1.3 FEDERAL SPECIFICATIONAvailable from Superintendent of Documents, U.S. Government Printing Office,Washington, DC 2040

15、2.FMVSS 116Motor Vehicle Brake Fluids2.1.4 MILITARY SPECIFICATIONAvailable from DODSSP, Subscription Services Desk, Building 4D, 700 RobbinsAvenue, Philadelphia, PA 19111-5094.MIL-B-461762.2 Other PublicationsUSAMERDC Report 2132 AD A-12849 - Feb. 1975USAMERDC Report 21264 AD-02618 - Jan. 1976J. A.

16、Tichy and W. O. Winer, “A Correlation of Bulk Moduli and P-V-T Data for Silicone Fluids at Pressureup to 500,000 PSIF,“ ASLE Transactions 11,338 - 344 (1968)3. Requirements3.1 Equilibrium Reflux Boiling Point (ERBP)3.1.1 When tested by the procedure specified in 4.1, the low water tolerant brake flu

17、id shall have an ERBP of notless than 260 C (500 F).3.1.2 When tested by the procedure specified in 4.1.1, the low water tolerant brake fluid shall have a wet ERBP ofnot less than 180 C (356 F).3.2 ViscosityWhen tested by the procedure specified in 4.2, LWTFs shall have kinematic viscosities as foll

18、ows:3.2.1 AT 40 C (40 F)Not more than 900 mm2/s (900 cSt).3.2.2 AT 25 C (77 F)Not more than 50 mm2/s (50 cSt).3.2.3 AT 100 C (212 F)Not less than 1.5 mm2/s (1.5 cSt).3.3 CorrosionLWTFs, when tested by the procedure specified in 4.3, shall not cause corrosion exceeding thelimits shown in Table 1. The

19、 metal strips outside the area of contact shall be neither pitted nor roughened to anextent discernible by the eye without magnification, but staining or discoloration is permitted. Rougheningcaused during assembly and disassembly shall be disregarded.Copyright SAE International Provided by IHS unde

20、r license with SAENot for ResaleNo reproduction or networking permitted without license from IHS-,-,-SAE J1705 NONCURRENT JUL2007-3-The fluid at the end of the test shall show no gelling at 23 C 5 C (73 F 9 F). No crystalline type depositshall form and adhere to either the glass jar walls or the sur

21、face of metal strips. The fluid shall contain no morethan 0.10% sediment by volume.The rubber cup at the end of the test shall show no appreciable disintegration as evidenced by blisters orsloughing as indicated by carbon black separation on the surface of the rubber cup. The hardness of therubber c

22、up shall not decrease by more than 15 International Rubber Hardness degrees (IRHD) and the basediameter shall not increase by more than 1.40 mm (0.055 in).3.4 Fluidity and Appearance at Low Temperature3.4.1 AT 40 C (40 F)When LWTFs are tested by the procedure specified in 4.4(a), the fluid shall sho

23、w nostratification, sediment, or crystals. Upon inversion of the sample bottle, the air bubble shall travel to the topof the fluid in not more than 10 s. Cloudiness is permissible, but on warming to room temperature 23 C 5C (73 F 9 F), the fluid shall regain its original uniformity, appearance, and

24、clarity.3.4.2 AT 50 C (58 F)When LWTFs are tested by the procedure specified in 4.4(b), the fluid shall show nostratification, sediment, or crystals. Upon inversion of the sample bottle, the air bubble shall travel to the topof the fluid in not more than 35 s. Cloudiness is permissible, but on warmi

25、ng to room temperature 23 C 5 C (73 F 9 F), the fluid shall regain its original uniformity, appearance, and clarity.3.5 Tolerance to High Humidity3.5.1 AT 40 C (40 F)When LWTFs are tested by the procedure specified in 4.5, the fluid shall show nostratification, sediment, or crystals. Upon inversion

26、of the centrifuge tube, the air bubble shall travel to top ofthe fluid in not more than 10 s. Cloudiness is permissible, but on warming to room temperature 23 C 5 C(73 F 9 F), the fluid shall regain its original uniformity, appearance, and clarity.3.5.2 AT 60 C (140 F)When LWTFs are tested by the pr

27、ocedure specified in 4.5, the fluid shall show nostratification; sediment shall not exceed 0.05% by volume after centrifuging.3.6 Effect on RubberRubber specimens, when tested as specified in 4.6, shall show no disintegration asevidenced by blisters or sloughing. Hardness changes, base diameter chan

28、ges, and volume swell shall liewithin the ranges given in Table 2.TABLE 1CORROSION TEST STRIPS AND MASS CHANGESTest Specimens(1)1. Obtainable from SAE, 400 Commonwealth Drive, Warrendale, PA 15096-0001.RM No.Maximum Permissible Mass Changemg/cm2of SurfaceTinned Iron 6A 0.1Steel 7 0.1Aluminum 8 0.1Ca

29、st Iron 9 0.1Brass 10 0.2Copper 11 0.2Zinc(2)2. Added since last publication.ISO-2 0.4Copyright SAE International Provided by IHS under license with SAENot for ResaleNo reproduction or networking permitted without license from IHS-,-,-SAE J1705 NONCURRENT JUL2007-4-3.7 Compatibility3.7.1 AT 40 C (40

30、 F)When LWTFs are tested by the procedure specified in 4.7(a), the fluid shall show nosedimentation or crystallization. Cloudiness is permissible, but on warming to room temperature (23 C 5 C) (73 F 9 F), the mixture shall be no more cloudy than the original fluid under test.3.7.2 AT 60 C (140 F)Whe

31、n LWTFs are tested by the procedure specified in 4.7(b), sedimentation shall notexceed 0.05% by volume after centrifuging.3.8 Fluid StabilityWhen the brake fluid is tested according to 4.8, the ERBP shall not be less than 260 C(500 F).3.9 Stroking TestA LWTF, when tested by the procedure specified i

32、n 4.9, shall meet the following performancerequirements:3.9.1 Metal parts shall not show corrosion as evidenced by pitting to an extent discernible to the naked eye, butstaining or discoloration shall be permitted.3.9.2 The initial diameter of any cylinder or piston shall not change by more than 0.1

33、3 mm (0.005 in) during test.3.9.3 Rubber cups shall not decrease in hardness by more than 15 IRHD and shall not be in an unsatisfactoryoperating condition as evidenced by excessive amounts of scoring, scuffing, blistering, cracking, or change inshape from original appearance.3.9.4 The base diameter

34、of the rubber cups shall not increase by more than 0.9 mm (0.035 in).3.9.5 The average lip diameter interference set of the rubber cups shall not be greater than 65%.TABLE 2EFFECT ON RUBBERTypeTestSpecimenVolumeSwell %BaseDiameterChangeChange inHardnessTestTemperatureCTestTemperatureFTimeHoursSBR SA

35、E RM- (+5 to +20) 0.15 to 1.4 mm (0 to 10) 25 2 77 4 168 23a (0.006 to 0.055 in)(+5 to +20) 0.15 to 1.4 mm (0 to 10) 70 2 158 4 70 2SAE RM- (0.006 to 0.055 in)3a (+5 to +20) 0.15 to 1.4 mm (0 to 15) 120 2 248 4 70 2(0.006 to 0.055 in)SAE RM-3aEPR SAE RM- (0 to +10) (0 to 10) 25 2 77 4 168 269 (0 to

36、+10) (0 to 10) 70 2 158 4 70 2SAE RM- (0 to +10) (0 to 10) 120 2 248 4 70 269SAE RM-69Natural SAE NR-X (+5 to +20) 0.15 to 1.4 mm (0 to 10) 25 2 77 4 168 2(0.006 to 0.055 in)SAE NR-X (+5 to +20) 0.15 to 1.4 mm (0 to 10) 70 2 158 4 70 2(0.006 to 0.055 in)Copyright SAE International Provided by IHS un

37、der license with SAENot for ResaleNo reproduction or networking permitted without license from IHS-,-,-SAE J1705 NONCURRENT JUL2007-5-3.9.6 During any period of 24 000 strokes, the volume loss of fluid shall not be greater than 36 mL.3.9.7 The cylinder pistons shall not sieze or function improperly

38、throughout the test.3.9.8 The volume loss of fluid during the 100 strokes at the end of the test shall not be more than 36 mL.3.9.9 The fluid at the end of the test shall not be in an unsatisfactory operating condition as evidenced by sludging,gelling, or abrasive grittiness, and sediment in either

39、the master cylinder or the wheel cylinders shall notexceed 1.5% by volume after allowing the fluid to stand 24 h at room temperature and then centrifuging.3.9.10 Brake cylinder walls and other metal parts shall be free of deposits which are abrasive or which cannot beremoved when rubbed with a cloth

40、 wetted with isopropyl alcohol.4. Test Procedure4.1 Equilibrium Reflux Boiling PointDetermine the equilibrium reflux boiling point of the fluid by ASTM D 1120with the following exceptions:a. Apparatus3(d) ThermometerASTM E 1, 76 mm immersion, calibrated. Use ASTM 3C or 3F thermometer. Forfluids boil

41、ing below 300 C (572 F), ASTM 2C or 2F thermometer may be used.3(e) Heat SourceUse a suitable Variac-controlled 100 mL heating mantle designed to fit the flask,capable of supplying the heat required to conform to the specified heating and reflux rates. Supplier:GLAS COL Apparatus Co., Terre Haute, I

42、N. Serial number: 135464, 230 W, 135 V (max).b. Preparation of Apparatus5(d)Thoroughly clean and dry all glassware before use. Attach the flask to the condenser. Place themantle under the flask and support it with a suitable ring clamp and laboratory type stand, holding thewhole assembly in place by

43、 a clamp.NOTEPlace the whole assembly in an area free from drafts or other types of sudden temperature changes.c. Procedure6(c)When everything is in readiness, turn on the condenser water and apply heat to the flask at sucha rate that the fluid is refluxing in 10 min 2 min at a rate in excess of 1 d

44、rop/s.The reflux rate shall not exceed 5 drop/s. Immediately adjust heat input to obtain a specifiedequilibrium reflux rate of 1 to 2 drop/s over the next 5 min 2 min period. Maintain a timed, constantequilibrium reflux rate of 1 to 2 drop/s for an additional 2 min; record the average value of fourt

45、emperature readings taken at 30 s intervals as the equilibrium reflux boiling point.If the temperature exceeds 260 C (500 F), the test shall be stopped and the temperature recorded asexceeding 260 C (500 F).4.1.1 WET ERBPHumidify the fluid as described in 4.5 and determine the boiling point as descr

46、ibed in 4.1.4.2 ViscosityDetermine the kinematic viscosity of the fluid by ASTM D 445.4.2.1 Report the viscosity to the nearest mm2/s (centistoke).Copyright SAE International Provided by IHS under license with SAENot for ResaleNo reproduction or networking permitted without license from IHS-,-,-SAE

47、J1705 NONCURRENT JUL2007-6-4.3 CorrosionPrepare two sets of strips from each of the metals listed in Table 1, each strip having a surfacearea of 25 cm2 5 cm2(approximately 8 cm long, 1.3 cm wide, and not more than 0.6 cm thick). Drill a holebetween 4 and 5 mm in diameter and about 6 mm from one end

48、of each strip. With the exception of the tinnediron strips, clean the strips by abrading them on all surface areas with 320A waterproof carborundum paper(RM-29) and isopropanol or ethanol until all surface scratches, cuts, and pits are removed from the strips, usinga new piece of carborundum paper for each different type of metal. Wash the strips, including the tinned iron,with isopropanol or ethanol and dry the strips with a clean lint-free cloth and place strips in a desiccatorcontaining desiccant maintained at 23 C 5 C (73.4 F 9 F) fo