SAE J 1096-1976 Measurement of Exterior Sound Levels for Heavy Trucks Under Stationary Conditions.pdf

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1、SAE Technical Standards Board Rules provide that: “This report is published by SAE to advance the state of technical and engineering sciences. The use of this report is entirelyvoluntary, and its applicability and suitability for any particular use, including any patent infringement arising therefro

2、m, is the sole responsibility of the user.”SAE reviews each technical report at least every five years at which time it may be reaffirmed, revised, or cancelled. SAE invites your written comments and suggestions.TO PLACE A DOCUMENT ORDER: (724) 776-4970 FAX: (724) 776-0790SAE WEB ADDRESS http:/www.s

3、ae.orgCopyright 2000 Society of Automotive Engineers, Inc.All rights reserved. Printed in U.S.A.SURFACEVEHICLE400 Commonwealth Drive, Warrendale, PA 15096-0001RECOMMENDEDPRACTICEAn American National StandardJ1096REAF.MAY2000Issued 1976-03Reaffirmed 2000-05Superseding J1096 FEB1993Measurement of Exte

4、rior Sound Levels for Heavy Trucks Under Stationary Conditions1. ScopeThis SAE Recommended Practice establishes the test procedure, environment, and instrumentationfor determining the maximum exterior sound level of highway motor trucks and truck tractors over 4540 kggross vehicle weight rating (GVW

5、R) with governed engines under stationary vehicle conditions. The basicprocedure involves a full throttle engine acceleration and a closed throttle deceleration with the engine inertiaas the load.2. References2.1 Applicable PublicationsThe following publications form a part of the specification to t

6、he extent specifiedherein. Unless otherwise indicated, the latest revision of SAE publications shall apply.2.1.1 SAE PUBLICATIONAvailable from SAE, 400 Commonwealth Drive, Warrendale, PA 15096-0001.SAE J184Qualifying a Sound Data Acquisition System2.1.2 ANSI PUBLICATIONSAvailable from ANSI, 11 West

7、42nd Street, New York, NY 10036-8002.ANSI S1.4-1983 and S1.4A-1985Specification for Sound Level MetersANSI S1.40-1984Specification for Acoustical Calibrators2.1.3 ISO PUBLICATIONAvailable from ANSI, 11 West 42nd Street, New York, NY 10036-8002.ISO 5130-1982AcousticsMeasurements of noise emitted by s

8、tationary road vehiclesSurvey method2.1.4 DOT PUBLICATIONAvailable from The Superintendent of Documents, U.S. Government Printing Office,Washington, DC 20402.DOT/BMCS Title 40, Part 325, Subpart EExterior Noise Regulation for Commercial VehiclesSAE J1096 Reaffirmed MAY2000-2-3. InstrumentationThe fo

9、llowing instrumentation shall be used, where applicable, for the measurementrequired.3.1 A sound level meter which satisfies the Type 1 or S1A requirements of American National StandardSpecification for Sound Level Meters, ANSI S1.4-1983 and S1.4A-1985.3.2 As an alternative to making direct measurem

10、ents using a sound level meter, a microphone or sound levelmeter may be used with a magnetic tape recorder and/or a graphic level recorder or other indicatinginstrument, providing the system meets the requirements of SAE J184.3.3 A sound level calibrator, accurate to 0.5 decibel (dB) which satisfies

11、 the requirements of ANSI S1.40-1984.3.4 A windscreen may be used. The windscreen shall not affect the microphone response more than 1 dB forfrequencies of 20 to 4000 Hz or 1-1/2 dB for frequencies of 4000 to 10 000 Hz . (See 6.1).3.5 An engine-speed tachometer accurate to within 2% of full scale.4.

12、 Test SiteThe following test site requirements shall be considered necessary to perform effectivemeasurements for this stationary procedure.4.1 A suitable test site shall consist of a flat open space free of large reflecting surfaces, such as parked vehicles,signboards, buildings, or hillsides, loca

13、ted within 30 m of either the vehicle or the microphone. See Figure 1.FIGURE 1TEST SITE CONFIGURATIONSAE J1096 Reaffirmed MAY2000-3-4.2 The measurement area (defined as shown in Figure 1, including the area under the test vehicle) shall besurfaced with concrete, asphalt, or similar hard nonporous ma

14、terial, and shall be free of snow, grass, soil,ashes, or other sound-absorbing materials. Trailers or semitrailers are to be neglected when determining themeasurement area.4.3 The microphone shall be located 15 m from the centerline of the vehicle and 1.2 m above the ground plane asshown in Figure 1

15、. The microphone shall be located on a line perpendicular to the vehicle centerline and inline with the rear of the cab.4.4 Because bystanders have an appreciable influence on meter response when they are in the vicinity of thevehicle or microphone, not more than one person, other than the observer

16、reading the meter, shall be within15 m of the vehicle or instrument, and that person shall be directly behind the observer reading the meter, on aline through the microphone and the observer.4.5 The ambient sound level (including wind effects) coming from sources other than the vehicle being measure

17、dshall be at least 10 dB lower than the level of the tested vehicle.5. Procedure5.1 The vehicle shall be tested in a stationary position with maximum engine acceleration and deceleration with noexternal load applied.5.1.1 The engine governor and throttle delay (if one is installed) shall be set to t

18、he manufacturers specifications.5.1.2 The vehicle engine coolant temperature shall be raised to the normal operating range.5.1.3 The vehicle shall be positioned at the test site as shown in Figure 1, with the main transmission in neutraland the clutch engaged.5.1.4 The engine shall be accelerated, b

19、y rapidly establishing full throttle, from a low idle condition to the maximumgoverned speed. After the engine speed has been stabilized (3 to 5 s), the engine shall be decelerated atclosed throttle to low idle speed.5.2 Measurements5.2.1 The sound level meter shall be set for fast response and the

20、A-weighing network. Equivalent settings shallbe used with other instruments.5.2.2 The meter shall be observed during the entire engine acceleration-deceleration cycle. The applicablereading shall be the highest sound level obtained during this cycle. Unrelated peaks due to extraneousambient noises s

21、hould be ignored.5.2.3 The sound level for each side of the vehicle shall be the average of the first two highest readings which arewithin 1 dB of each other. Report the sound level for the side of the vehicle with the highest average value.6. General Comments6.1 Measurements shall be made only when

22、 wind speed is below 19 km/h. The microphone windscreen may beused to minimize effects of wind gusts and other changes in wind speed. See 4.5.6.2 It is strongly recommended that persons technically trained and experienced in the current techniques ofsound measurement select the equipment and conduct

23、 the tests.SAE J1096 Reaffirmed MAY2000-4-6.3 Proper use of all test instrumentation is essential to obtain valid measurements. Operating manuals or otherliterature furnished by the manufacturer should be referred to for both recommended operation of theinstrument and precautions to be observed. Spe

24、cific items to be considered are:6.3.1 The effects of ambient weather conditions on the performance of all instruments (for example, temperature,humidity, and barometric pressure).6.3.2 The effects of proper signal levels, terminating impedances, and cable lengths on multi-instrumentmeasurement syst

25、ems.6.3.3 Proper acoustical calibration, to include the influence of extension cables, etc.6.4 Field calibration shall be made immediately before and after each test sequence. Internal calibration meansare acceptable for field use, provided that external calibration is accomplished immediately befor

26、e or after fielduse.6.5 The sound level of a vehicle with a diesel engine may be dependent on the fuels cetane level. A diesel fuelwith a cetane number between 42 to 50 is recommended. In vehicles with gasoline-fueled engines, a fuelgrade consistent with the engine manufacturers recommendations shou

27、ld be used.PREPARED BY THE SAE MOTOR VEHICLE COUNCIL SOUND LEVEL COMMITTEESAE J1096 Reaffirmed MAY2000-5-APPENDIX AA.1 The Department of Transportation/Bureau of Motor Carrier Safety exterior noise regulation for commercialvehicles has a stationary test procedure (Title 40, Part 325, Subpart E) that

28、 is similar to this SAE testprocedure.The intent of the two test procedures and the resultant sound levels are in general the same. However, thereare procedural differences that can result in different measured sound levels. The Department ofTransportation/Bureau of Motor Carrier Safety test procedu

29、re allows for a greater deviation from ideal testconditions than this SAE test procedure.ISO 5130-1982 is an International Standard for the determination of noise emitted by stationary road vehiclesin use, the noise being measured in close proximity to the exhaust outlet. The ISO 5130 test method is

30、 notsimilar to this SAE test procedure.SAE J1096 Reaffirmed MAY2000RationaleNot applicable.Relationship of SAE Standard to ISO StandardNot applicable.ApplicationThis SAE Recommended Practice establishes the test procedure, environment, andinstrumentation for determining the maximum exterior sound le

31、vel of highway motor trucks and trucktractors over 4540 kg gross vehicle weight rating (GVWR) with governed engines under stationaryvehicle conditions.Reference SectionSAE J184Qualifying a Sound Data Acquisition SystemANSI S1.4-1983 and S1.4A-1985Specification for Sound Level MetersANSI S1.40-1984Specification for Acoustical CalibratorsISO 5130-1982AcousticsMeasurements of Noise Emitted by Stationary Road VehiclesSurveyMethodDOT/BMCS Title 40, Part 325, Subpart EExterior Noise Regulation for Commercial VehiclesDeveloped by the SAE Motor Vehicle Council Sound Level Committee