SAE ARP 6461-2013 Guidelines for Implementation of Structural Health Monitoring on Fixed Wing Aircraft《固定翼飞机结构健康监测实施指南》.pdf
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1、_SAE Technical Standards Board Rules provide that: “This report is published by SAE to advance the state of technical and engineering sciences. The use of this report is entirely voluntary, and its applicability and suitability for any particular use, including any patent infringement arising theref
2、rom, is the sole responsibility of the user.” SAE reviews each technical report at least every five years at which time it may be revised, reaffirmed, stabilized, or cancelled. SAE invites your written comments and suggestions.Copyright 2013 SAE International All rights reserved. No part of this pub
3、lication may be reproduced, stored in a retrieval system or transmitted, in any form or by any means, electronic, mechanical, photocopying, recording, or otherwise, without the prior written permission of SAE. TO PLACE A DOCUMENT ORDER: Tel: 877-606-7323 (inside USA and Canada) Tel: +1 724-776-4970
4、(outside USA) Fax: 724-776-0790 Email: CustomerServicesae.org SAE WEB ADDRESS: http:/www.sae.orgSAE values your input. To provide feedback on this Technical Report, please visit http:/www.sae.org/technical/standards/ARP6461AEROSPACERECOMMENDED PRACTICEARP6461Issued 2013-09 Guidelines for Implementat
5、ion of Structural Health Monitoring on Fixed Wing Aircraft RATIONALEThe development of Structural Health Monitoring (SHM) technologies to achieve Vehicle Health Management objectives in aerospace applications is an activity that spans multiple engineering disciplines. It is also recognized that many
6、 stakeholders i.e. Regulatory Agencies, Airlines, Original Equipment Manufacturers (OEM), Academia and Equipment Suppliers are crucial to the process of certifying viable SHM solutions. Thus a common language (definitions), framework of SHM solution approaches, and recommended practices for reaching
7、 those solutions, are needed to promote fruitful and efficient technology development. TABLE OF CONTENTS 1. SCOPE 41.1 Purpose . 41.2 Field of Application 41.3 An Overview of This Document 51.3.1 General Approach . 51.3.2 Designing and Maintaining Airworthy Structures 51.3.3 Evolution of Aircraft Pr
8、oducts Including Structures and SHM Systems . 61.3.4 Requirements, V modification of aircraft maintenance and aircraft structural health management to use and benefit from SHM systems; improving maintenance practices by utilizing alternative tools to conventional NDI; execution of scheduled and/or u
9、nscheduled maintenance tasks in a more time and cost effective manner. NOTE: Although guidance such as this may be crucial to successful implementation of an SHM system, use of this guidance alone cannot be assumed to constitute or ensure regulatory agency acceptance. Any regulatory accepted use to
10、fulfill inspection requirements will require negotiation and agreement with the appropriate regulatory agency. This SAE document is not a regulatory document and neither the applicants nor the Regulatory Agency is compelled to follow them unless there is associated Regulatory Agency policy. SAE INTE
11、RNATIONAL ARP6461 Page 5 of 95 1.3 An Overview of This Document 1.3.1 General Approach This document provides key definitions, guidelines and examples that can assist civil and military stakeholders in the development, validation, verification and certification of SHM systems. The approach adopted i
12、n developing the guidelines was to maintain harmony with existing applicable regulations, standards and guidelines, and to augment them with specific interpretations or extensions pertaining to SHM as necessary. Where existing definitions and processes were available from industry accepted publicati
13、ons, they have been adopted without modification; interpretations specific to SHM have been added for clarity. Additional definitions and processes have been collated or developed only where their equivalents did not clearly exist. In this way, consistency is maintained with existing regulations, st
14、andards and industry accepted practices. Applicable documents from which the SHM key guidelines and definitions were collated are listed in Section 2. This document does not replace any existing FARs, regulations or certification requirements currently in existence. 1.3.2 Designing and Maintaining A
15、irworthy Structures Referring to FAA publications, Section 3 reviews the main airworthiness regulations for design and maintenance of structures. Equivalent EASA regulations can be extracted from the applicable documents presented in Section 2. As summarized in Figure 1, maintenance regulations and
16、processes are introduced to overcome the threats to structural integrity, which can arise from the damaging effects of fatigue, environments and accidents. Section 3 gives more details about these regulations and processes and briefly introduces SHM. Having introduced SHM, Section 3 illustrates how
17、SHM can assist in overcoming the threats to structural integrity using existing processes without violating relevant airworthiness regulations. Section 4 describes SHM as an improved means for maintaining structural integrity and classifies potential SHM intended functions under two main headings: o
18、perational monitoring and damage detection. Operational monitoring functions maintain regular surveillance over the factors that can lead to or indicate fatigue damage (FD), environmental damage (ED) and/or accidental damage (AD). Damage detection functions directly detect FD, ED and/or AD if they o
19、ccur. Section 4 describes the outputs, potential benefits and operational considerations of SHM. Section 4 also summarizes specifications for the use of SHM systems in aircraft maintenance that have been recommended and proposed by Airlines for America Maintenance Steering Group 3 (A4A MSG-3) in rec
20、ent and pending document revisions (Revision 2009.1 and Issue Paper 105). Having described how SHM can assist in overcoming the threats to structural integrity and highlighted the A4A MSG-3 recommended specifications for SHM, the evolution phases of SHM are briefly discussed to identify the main pro
21、cesses that are recommended to approve/certify SHM systems.FIGURE 1 - DESIGNING AND MAINTAINING AIRWORTHY STRUCTURES SAE INTERNATIONAL ARP6461 Page 6 of 95 1.3.3 Evolution of Aircraft Products Including Structures and SHM Systems Figure 2 illustrates the evolution phases of any aircraft product, whi
22、ch span maturation, development, production, installation/integration, certification, utilization and maintenance. The evolution phases start with identifying intended functions that address emerging demands. The SHM technology maturation efforts are motivated by demands for improving maintenance pr
23、actices, underwriting new aircraft materials/designs and improving aircraft operational practices. Once suitable SHM technologies are identified a development process will be followed that addresses architecture, requirements, test and validation, aircraft integration and instructions for continued
24、operation. Figure 2 identifies the sections of this document, by their numbers, that provide information about these activities. FIGURE 2 - EVOLUTION OF AIRCRAFT PRODUCTS INCLUDING SHM SYSTEMSAs indicated throughout this document, any SHM system uses data acquired by on-board sensors fitted in each
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