SAE ARP 6217-2015 Balancing Machines C Description and Evaluation Vertical Single-Plane Non-Rotating Type for Gas Turbine Rotors.pdf

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1、AEROSPACE RECOMMENDED PRACTICE ARP6217 Issued 2015-02 Balancing Machines Description and Evaluation Vertical, Single-Plane, Non-Rotating Type for Gas Turbine Rotors RATIONALE Modern jet engines are more frequently employing integrally bladed rotors (IBRs) in the design of their fan and compressor ro

2、tor stages. Due to the inherent design nature of an integrally bladed rotor (IBR), which is fabricated from a single work piece with no removable and loosely-attached components, the requirement for a rotating speed capability is rendered unnecessary. TABLE OF CONTENTS 1. SCOPE 3 2. APPLICABLE DOCUM

3、ENTS 3 2.1 SAE Publications . 4 2.2 ANSI Publications . 4 3. GENERAL PERFORMANCE REQUIREMENTS 4 4. DIMENSIONS AND CAPACITIES 5 5. VERIFICATION TESTS 6 5.1 Requirements for Tests . 6 5.2 Duties of Supplier and User 6 5.3 Requirement for Machine Mounting Flange 6 5.4 Requirement for Proving Rotor . 6

4、5.5 Requirement for Weighing Scale 6 5.6 Test and Rechecks . 7 5.7 Test for Minimum Achievable Residual Specific Unbalance (emar Test) . 7 5.8 Test for Unbalance Reduction Ratio (URR Test) . 7 5.9 Test for Couple Unbalance Influence . 9 5.10 Compensator Test 9 6. NOTES 10 _ SAE Technical Standards B

5、oard Rules provide that: “This report is published by SAE to advance the state of technical and engineering sciences. The use of this report is entirely voluntary, and its applicability and suitability for any particular use, including any patent infringement arising therefrom, is the sole responsib

6、ility of the user.” SAE reviews each technical report at least every five years at which time it may be revised, reaffirmed, stabilized, or cancelled. SAE invites your written comments and suggestions. Copyright 2015 SAE International All rights reserved. No part of this publication may be reproduce

7、d, stored in a retrieval system or transmitted, in any form or by any means, electronic, mechanical, photocopying, recording, or otherwise, without the prior written permission of SAE. TO PLACE A DOCUMENT ORDER: Tel: 877-606-7323 (inside USA and Canada) Tel: +1 724-776-4970 (outside USA) Fax: 724-77

8、6-0790 Email: CustomerServicesae.org SAE WEB ADDRESS: http:/www.sae.org SAE values your input. To provide feedback on this Technical Report, please visit http:/www.sae.org/technical/standards/ARP6217 SAE INTERNATIONAL ARP6217 Page 2 of 23 APPENDIX A ROTOR ENVELOPE ABOVE MOUNTING FLANGE IN ENCLOSURE/

9、MOUNTING FLANGE DIMENSIONS . 11 APPENDIX B DETAILS FOR CONTRACTUAL NEGOTIATIONS 14 APPENDIX C PROVING ROTORS . 15 APPENDIX D TEST SHEETS FOR emar TEST 16 APPENDIX E TEST SHEETS FOR URR TEST 19 APPENDIX F TEST SHEET FOR COUPLE UNBALANCE INFLUENCE TEST 22 APPENDIX G TEST SHEET FOR COMPENSATOR TEST 23

10、SAE INTERNATIONAL ARP6217 Page 3 of 23 1. SCOPE 1.1 Characteristics of vertical non-rotating balancing machines are described which make such machines suitable for balancing rigid unbladed gas turbine rotors or rotors with fixed, integral blades. 1.2 This document specifies: a. General dimensions an

11、d capacities b. Performance requirements c. Balancing machine mounting flange dimensions d. Test procedures 1.3 Proving rotors and associated test masses required for the performance tests are described in ARP4162. 1.4 Test procedures are described in detail and test log samples along with a polar d

12、iagram for evaluating the test results are furnished. 1.5 The document ARP5323 for vertical, single-plane, hard-bearing balancing machines, ISO 2953, and the available technology of non-rotating balancing machines have been considered in the preparation of this document. 1.6 Purpose The purpose of t

13、his document is to delineate the technical specifications for vertical, non-rotating type balancing machines for measuring the amount and angle of unbalance corrections required in a single plane to balance disk shaped gas turbine rotors without blades or with fixed, integral blades (for Glossary of

14、 Terms and Nomenclature, see ISO 1925). This document also delineates performance tests to ensure compliance with the document. This document was prepared to give a general description of balancing equipment capable of balancing disk shaped rotors without loose parts. Standardization of balancing ma

15、chine to rotor interfaces is intended to enable a set of tooling for a particular component to be used on a variety of machines in one capacity range. This document may also be used as a general specification for purchasers in procuring suitable vertical single-plane non-rotating balancing machines.

16、 The performance and test requirements may be used for periodic tests and/or after repairs that may have affected the balancing machines performance. The test procedure shall be the same as described in this document. The performance and test requirements have been written in terms of “emar“ (minimu

17、m achievable residual specific unbalance), and A-units rather than fixed physical values, such as grams, millimeters, ounces, or inches (see ISO 1925). 2. APPLICABLE DOCUMENTS The following publications form a part of this document to the extent specified herein. The latest issue of SAE publications

18、 shall apply. The applicable issue of other publications shall be the issue in effect on the date of the purchase order. In the event of conflict between the text of this document and references cited herein, the text of this document takes precedence. Nothing in this document, however, supersedes a

19、pplicable laws and regulations unless a specific exemption has been obtained. SAE INTERNATIONAL ARP6217 Page 4 of 23 2.1 SAE Publications Available from SAE International, 400 Commonwealth Drive, Warrendale, PA 15096-0001, Tel: 877-606-7323 (inside USA and Canada) or 724-776-4970 (outside USA), www.

20、sae.org. ARP4162 Balancing Machine Proving Rotors ARP4163 Balancing Machines: Tooling Design Criteria ARP5323 Balancing Machines - Description and Evaluation, Vertical, Single-Plane, Hard-Bearing Type for Gas Turbine Rotors 2.2 ANSI Publications Available from American National Standards Institute,

21、25 West 43rd Street, 4th Floor, New York, NY 10036, Tel: 212-642-4900, www.ansi.org. ISO 1925 - 1990 Balancing Vocabulary ISO/DIS 2953 - 1997 Balancing Machines - Description and Evaluation 3. GENERAL PERFORMANCE REQUIREMENTS 3.1 The balancing machine shall indicate the amount and angle of the resul

22、tant (static) unbalance in one selected plane in the rotor. 3.2 Couple Unbalance Interference The balancing machine shall sufficiently suppress the effects of the couple unbalance from the resultant (static) unbalance indication. Requirements are outlined in 5.10. 3.3 Unbalance Indication 3.3.1 Digi

23、tal devices indicating amount of unbalance shall have a resolution of at least 10% of 1 A-unit. 3.3.2 The angle resolution shall be at least 1 degree. 3.3.3 The amount and angle indication shall be simultaneous. 3.3.4 The amount and angle readout shall be provided upon unbalance measurement of the r

24、otor. 3.3.5 The radius setting shall be selectable, with a minimum of 1 inch or, alternatively, of 10 mm. 3.3.6 Amount indication shall be available in metric and/or English units (grams, ounces, and fractions thereof). 3.4 Balancing Machine Construction 3.4.1 The machine may be constructed for floo

25、r mounting, table mounting, or otherwise transportable. 3.4.2 The machine must be equipped with the appropriate tooling mounting flange as specified in Appendix A. 3.4.3 The supporting floor / foundation / table must be rigid, in accordance with manufacturer recommendations. SAE INTERNATIONAL ARP621

26、7 Page 5 of 23 4. DIMENSIONS AND CAPACITIES Table 1 lists the required dimensions and capacities for each machine class and its associated proving rotor. Table 1 - Machine parameters by class Characteristic Dimensions and Capacities Dimensions and Capacities Dimensions and Capacities Dimensions and

27、Capacities Dimensions and Capacities 4.1 Machine Class 50 100 250 500 1000 4.2 Load Capacity (lb) 4.2.1 Maximuma50 100 250 500 1000 4.2.2 Minimumb2 4 10 20 50 4.3 Rotor Dimensions (in) 4.3.1 Maximum Diameterc24 39 57 70 82 4.3.2 Maximum Height at Maximum Diameterc10 10 20 20 24 4.3.3 Rotor Envelope

28、See Appendix A See Appendix A See Appendix A See Appendix A See Appendix A 4.3.4 Mounting Flange (Figure) A3 A3 A3 A3 A4 4.4 Unbalance Measurement (microinch) 4.4.1 Required emar (equal to 1 A-unit) 30 30 50 50 50 4.4.2 Required URR 95% 95% 95% 95% 95% 4.5 Proving Rotors (see ARP4162 for details) 4.

29、5.1 Mass (lb) 25 25 80 250 250 4.5.2 Interface Diameter (in) 4.5 4.5 4.5 4.5 4.5 a. Total mass (rotor and tooling) in pounds, mounted to machine flange b. Approximate guideline. Minimum rotor limits are generally governed by interface flange dimensions and the required emar. c. Max height and max di

30、ameter in inches are limited only by an optional shroud that serves to prevent air turbulences that disturb unbalance measurements. SAE INTERNATIONAL ARP6217 Page 6 of 23 5. VERIFICATION TESTS 5.1 Requirements for Tests To verify the claimed performance of a balancing machine, separate tests are req

31、uired. The first test is for minimum achievable residual specific unbalance (emar test), the second is the test for unbalance reduction ratio (URR test), and the third is the test for couple unbalance suppression. The first two tests represent a minimum test procedure designed to establish essential

32、 compliance with the requirements for minimum achievable residual unbalance, and for combined accuracy of amount of unbalance indication and angle indication. The third test establishes compliance with the requirement that the balancing machine shall sufficiently suppress the effects of the couple u

33、nbalance from the resultant (static) unbalance indication. The test procedure will not prove compliance with all requirements over the full range of variables nor will it define the exact reason in case the machine fails to comply. If the machine is equipped with a compensator, its performance shall

34、 be tested. Equipment parameters, including physical inspection of various dimensions, features, instrumentation, tooling, and accessories, shall be verified. 5.2 Duties of Supplier and User15.2.1 For these tests, the user shall provide an examiner trained in the use of balancing machines. 5.2.2 The

35、 examiner shall record the unbalance indication off the machines instrumentation, log the values, and subsequently plot them or log the readings electronically with proven software. The supplier shall be entitled to check the accuracy of the examiners work. 5.2.3 The supplier as well as the examiner

36、 shall be allowed to verify the condition of the proving rotor, the correctness of the test masses, and the location of the test masses. 5.3 Requirement for Machine Mounting Flange The female location pilot of the mounting flange shall have a radial runout not to exceed 0.0005 inch FIR. The axial ru

37、nout of the locating surface shall not exceed 0.0005 inch FIR (0.001 inch for Class 1000 flange). Each reading should be taken using 5 complete revolutions of a precision rotary table with a low friction dial indicator having a resolution of 0.0001 inch/division. 5.4 Requirement for Proving Rotor Th

38、e machine shall undergo the following tests with the appropriate proving rotor described in ARP4162. The correction planes on the rotor are designated: Plane 1: Lower Plane Plane 2: Upper Plane Plane 3: Center Plane 5.5 Requirement for Weighing Scale A weighing scale shall be available having suffic

39、ient accuracy to verify the correctness of the test masses. 1The supplier is understood to be the balancing machine manufacturer and/or supplier. The user is understood to be the prospective or actual user of the machine. SAE INTERNATIONAL ARP6217 Page 7 of 23 5.6 Test and Rechecks When a machine fa

40、ils either the emar test, the URR test, couple unbalance interference test or the compensator test, adjustments shall be permitted to the machine, after which a complete retest shall be made and the machine shall then pass. If it does not, it is considered not acceptable. 5.7 Test for Minimum Achiev

41、able Residual Specific Unbalance (emar Test) 5.7.1 Perform the mechanical adjustment, calibration, and/or setting of the machine for plane 3 of the proving rotor, ensuring that the unbalance in the proving rotor is smaller than 10 A-units. NOTE: Appendix D, Figure D1 gives examples to convert A-unit

42、s to units of unbalance. 5.7.2 Log the requested data per Figure D2, so that the test conditions are permanently recorded. 5.7.3 Readings: Unbalance readings for successive measurements are recorded on the test sheet copies, i.e., logged and subsequently plotted. 5.7.4 Add unbalance mass (such as ba

43、lancing clay) to the rotor. After adding the unbalance mass, the unbalance of the proving rotor shall be equivalent to 10 to 20 A-units. Record the unbalance readings (reference Figure D3) under “Initial Unbalance“. 5.7.5 Balance the rotor as well as possible (following the standard procedure for th

44、e machine) using four runs. Record the readings of all four runs on log, Figure D3. NOTE: If residual unbalance after four runs is more than 1 A-unit, the machine will not pass the following tests. 5.7.6 Attach the test mass of 10 A-units sequentially to each of the positions in plane 3, using a seq

45、uence that is arbitrary. Record in Figure D4 of the emar test sheet (see Appendix D) the amount of unbalance readings in plane 3 for each position of the mass. 5.7.7 Calculate the arithmetic mean value by adding the values of each reading and dividing the result by 12. Log arithmetic mean value into

46、 Figure D4: “Mean Value“. Divide each reading by the “mean value“ and log the results into Figure D4 under: “Multiples of Mean Value“. 5.7.8 Plot the logged readings into Figure D5, “Residual Specific Unbalance Diagram“ of the emar test sheet (see Appendix D). 5.7.9 The horizontal line (mean value)

47、represents the arithmetic mean of the readings in plane 3. Two dotted lines represent 12% of the arithmetic mean, which account for 1 A-unit + 20% for the effects of variation in the position of the masses and scatter of the test data. 5.7.9.1 The machine is deemed to have passed the emar test, i.e.

48、, the claimed minimum achievable residual unbalance has been reached, if the following condition is met: At least 11 of the 12 points are within the range given by the two lines representing 12% of the arithmetic mean line. 5.8 Test for Unbalance Reduction Ratio (URR Test) 5.8.1 This test is intende

49、d to check the combined accuracy of amount-of-unbalance indication, and angle indication. The test consists of a set of 11 runs. Note: “runs” in this context shall be interpreted as measurements. The test is conducted with a stationary 25 A-unit test mass (Ustationary) and a travelling 125 A-unit test mass in plane 3. SAE INTERNATIONAL ARP6217 Page 8 of 23 5.8.2 Readings Unbalance readings for successive runs are recorded on