SAE AMS 4978H-2018 Titanium Alloy Bars Wire Forgings and Rings 6Al - 6V - 2Sn Annealed (UNS R56620).pdf

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1、_ SAE Technical Standards Board Rules provide that: “This report is published by SAE to advance the state of technical and engineering sciences. The use of this report is entirely voluntary, and its applicability and suitability for any particular use, including any patent infringement arising there

2、from, is the sole responsibility of the user.” SAE reviews each technical report at least every five years at which time it may be revised, reaffirmed, stabilized, or cancelled. SAE invites your written comments and suggestions. Copyright 2018 SAE International All rights reserved. No part of this p

3、ublication may be reproduced, stored in a retrieval system or transmitted, in any form or by any means, electronic, mechanical, photocopying, recording, or otherwise, without the prior written permission of SAE. TO PLACE A DOCUMENT ORDER: Tel: 877-606-7323 (inside USA and Canada) Tel: +1 724-776-497

4、0 (outside USA) Fax: 724-776-0790 Email: CustomerServicesae.org SAE WEB ADDRESS: http:/www.sae.org SAE values your input. To provide feedback on this Technical Report, please visit http:/standards.sae.org/AMS4978H AEROSPACE MATERIAL SPECIFICATION AMS4978 REV. H Issued 1970-05 Revised 2018-01 Superse

5、ding AMS4978G Titanium Alloy Bars, Wire, Forgings, and Rings 6Al - 6V - 2Sn Annealed (Composition similar to UNS R56620) RATIONALE AMS4978G results from a Five-Year Review and update of this specification that includes the addition of ASTM E539 and ASTM E2994 (3.1) and removal of sample size allowan

6、ce for hydrogen of Table 1 (covered by ASTM E1447). 1. SCOPE 1.1 Form This specification covers a titanium alloy in the form of bars, wire, forgings, flash welded rings 4.000 inches (101.60 mm) and under in diameter, or least distance between parallel sides and stock of any size for forging or flash

7、 welded rings (see 8.6). 1.2 Application These products have been used typically for parts which require high mechanical properties in the annealed condition and a high strength to weight ratio up to 750 F (399 C), but usage is not limited to such applications. 1.2.1 Certain processing procedures an

8、d service conditions may cause these products to become subject to stress-corrosion cracking; ARP982 recommends practices to minimize such conditions. 2. APPLICABLE DOCUMENTS The issue of the following documents in effect on the date of the purchase order forms a part of this specification to the ex

9、tent specified herein. The supplier may work to a subsequent revision of a document unless a specific document issue is specified. When the referenced document has been cancelled and no superseding document has been specified, the last published issue of that document shall apply. 2.1 SAE Publicatio

10、ns Available from SAE International, 400 Commonwealth Drive, Warrendale, PA 15096-0001, Tel: 877-606-7323 (inside USA and Canada) or +1 724-776-4970 (outside USA), www.sae.org. AMS2241 Tolerances, Corrosion and Heat-Resistant Steel, Iron Alloy, Titanium, and Titanium Alloy Bars and Wire AMS2249 Chem

11、ical Check Analysis Limits, Titanium and Titanium Alloys SAE INTERNATIONAL AMS4978H Page 2 of 8 AMS2368 Sampling and Testing of Wrought Titanium Raw Material, Except Forgings and Forging Stock AMS2750 Pyrometry AMS2808 Identification, Forgings AMS2809 Identification, Titanium and Titanium Alloy Wrou

12、ght Products AMS7498 Rings, Flash Welded, Titanium and Titanium Alloys ARP982 Minimizing Stress-Corrosion Cracking in Wrought Titanium Alloy Products ARP1917 Clarification of Terms Used in Aerospace Metals Specifications AS1814 Terminology for Titanium Microstructures AS6279 Industry Standard Practi

13、ces for Production, Distribution, and Procurement of Metal Stock 2.2 ASTM Publications Available from ASTM International, 100 Barr Harbor Drive, P.O. Box C700, West Conshohocken, PA 19428-2959, Tel: 610-832-9585, www.astm.org. ASTM E8/E8M Tension Testing of Metallic Materials ASTM E399 Plane-Strain

14、Fracture Toughness of Metallic Materials ASTM E539 Analysis of Titanium Alloys by X-Ray Fluorescence Spectrometry ASTM E1409 Determination of Oxygen and Nitrogen in Titanium and Titanium Alloys by Inert Gas Fusion ASTM E1447 Determination of Hydrogen in Titanium and Titanium Alloys by Inert Gas Fusi

15、on Thermal Conductivity/Infrared Detection Method ASTM E1941 Determination of Carbon in Refractory and Reactive Metals and Their Alloys by Combustion Analysis ASTM E2371 Analysis of Titanium and Titanium Alloys by Direct Current Plasma and Inductively Coupled Plasma Atomic Emission Spectrometry ASTM

16、 E2994 Analysis of Titanium and Titanium Alloys by Spark Atomic Emission Spectrometry and Glow Discharge Atomic Emission Spectrometry 3. TECHNICAL REQUIREMENTS 3.1 Composition Shall conform to the percentages by weight shown in Table 1; carbon shall be determined in accordance with ASTM E1941, hydro

17、gen in accordance with ASTM E1447, oxygen and nitrogen in accordance with ASTM E 1409, and other elements in accordance with ASTM E539, ASTM E2371 or ASTM E2994. Other analytical methods may be used if acceptable to the purchaser. SAE INTERNATIONAL AMS4978H Page 3 of 8 Table 1 - Composition Element

18、Min Max Aluminum Vanadium Tin Iron Copper Carbon Oxygen Nitrogen Hydrogen Yttrium (3.1.1) (3.1.3) Residual Elements, each (3.1.1) Residual Elements, total (3.1.1) Titanium 5.00 5.00 1.50 0.35 0.35 - - - - - - - remainder 6.00 6.00 2.50 1.00 1.00 0.05 0.20 0.04 0.015 0.005 0.10 0.40 (400 ppm) (150 pp

19、m) ( 50 ppm) 3.1.1 Determination not required for routine acceptance. 3.1.2 Check Analysis Composition variations shall meet the applicable requirements of AMS2249. 3.1.3 No variation over maximum will be permitted for yttrium. 3.2 Melting Practice Alloy shall be multiple melted. The first melt shal

20、l be made by vacuum consumable electrode, nonconsumable electrode, electron beam cold hearth, or plasma arc cold hearth melting practice. The subsequent melt or melts shall be made using vacuum arc remelting (VAR) practice. Alloy additions are not permitted in the final melt cycle. 3.2.1 The atmosph

21、ere for nonconsumable electrode melting shall be vacuum or shall be inert gas at a pressure not higher than 1000 mm of mercury. 3.2.2 The electrode tip for nonconsumable electrode melting shall be water-cooled copper. 3.3 Condition The product shall be supplied in the following condition: 3.3.1 Bars

22、 Hot finished with or without subsequent cold reduction, annealed, and descaled. The product shall be processed to the final thickness/diameter by metallurgical working operations prior to any straightening, dimensional sizing or surface finishing operations. Bar shall not be cut from plate. 3.3.2 W

23、ire Cold drawn, annealed, and descaled. 3.3.3 Forgings and Flash Welded Rings Annealed and descaled. 3.3.3.1 Flash welded rings shall not be supplied unless specified or permitted on purchasers part drawing. When supplied, rings shall be manufactured in accordance with AMS7498. 3.3.4 Stock for Forgi

24、ng or Flash Welded Rings As ordered by the forging or flash welded ring manufacturer. SAE INTERNATIONAL AMS4978H Page 4 of 8 3.4 Heat Treatment 3.4.1 Annealing Bars, wire, forgings, and flash welded rings shall be annealed by heating to 1300 to 1450 F (704 to 788 C), holding at heat for 1 to 2 hours

25、, and cooling as required. Pyrometry shall be in accordance with AMS2750. 3.5 Properties The product shall conform to the following requirements: 3.5.1 Bars, Wire, Forgings, and Flash Welded Rings 3.5.1.1 Tensile Properties Shall be as specified in Table 2, determined in accordance with ASTM E8/E8M

26、with the rate of strain set at 0.005 inch/inch/minute (0.005 mm/mm/minute) and maintained within a tolerance of 0.002 inch/inch/minute (0.002 mm/mm/minute) through the 0.2% offset yield strain. 3.5.1.1.1 Tensile property requirements apply in both the longitudinal and transverse directions. Transver

27、se tensile properties of Table 2 apply only to product where a test specimen not less than 2.50 inches (63.5 mm) in length can be obtained. 3.5.1.1.2 Specimens for the longitudinal requirements of Table 2 shall be taken with the axis of the specimen within 15 degrees of parallel to the grain flow an

28、d specimens for flash welded rings shall be taken in the circumferential direction. 3.5.1.1.3 Yield strength and reduction of area requirements do not apply to wire under 0.125 inch (3.18 mm) in nominal diameter. Table 2 Table 2A - Tensile properties, inch/pound units Nominal Diameter or Least Dista

29、nce Between Parallel Sides Inches Tensile Strength ksi, Min Yield Strength at 0.2% Offset ksi, Min Elongation in 2 inches or 4D %, Min Long. Elongation in 2 inches or 4D %, Min Trans. Reduction of area %, Min Long. Reduction of area %, Min Trans. Up to 2.000, incl 150 140 to 165 10 8 20 15 Over 2.00

30、0 to 4.000, incl 145 135 to 160 10 8 15 15 Table 2B - Tensile properties, SI units Nominal Diameter or Least Distance Between Parallel Sides Millimeters Tensile Strength MPa, Min Yield Strength at 0.2% Offset MPa, Min Elongation in 50.8 mm or 4D %, Min Long. Elongation in 50.8 mm or 4D %, Min Trans.

31、 Reduction of Area %, Min Long. Reduction of Area %, Min Trans. Up to 50.80, incl 1034 965 to 1138 10 8 20 15 Over 50.80 to 101.60, incl 1000 931 to 1103 10 8 15 15 SAE INTERNATIONAL AMS4978H Page 5 of 8 3.5.1.1.4 Mechanical property requirements for product outside the size range covered by 1.1 sha

32、ll be agreed upon between purchaser and producer. 3.5.1.2 Microstructure Shall be that structure resulting from processing within the alpha-beta phase field. Microstructure shall conform to 3.5.1.2.1, 3.5.1.2.2, or 3.5.1.2.3 (see 8.2). 3.5.1.2.1 Equiaxed alpha in a transformed beta matrix. 3.5.1.2.2

33、 Equiaxed alpha and elongated alpha in a transformed beta matrix. 3.5.1.2.3 Partially broken and distorted grain boundary alpha with plate-like alpha. 3.5.1.2.4 A microstructure showing a continuous network of alpha in prior beta grain boundaries is not acceptable. 3.5.1.3 Surface Contamination Exce

34、pt as specified in 3.5.1.3.1 and 3.5.1.3.2, the product shall be free of any oxygen-rich layer (see 8.3), such as alpha case, or other surface contamination, determined by microscopic examination at not lower than 400X magnification or by other method agreed upon by purchaser and producer. 3.5.1.3.1

35、 An oxygen-rich layer not thicker than 0.001 inch (0.025 mm) is permitted on bars other than round. 3.5.1.3.2 When permitted by purchaser, product to be machined all over may have an oxygen-rich layer, provided such layer is removable within the machining allowance on the product. 3.5.1.4 Fracture-T

36、oughness When specified, the product shall be subjected to fracture toughness testing. ASTM E399 is a recommended method of test for product over 0.5 inch (12.7 mm) in nominal thickness. Method of test and standards for acceptance shall be as agreed upon by purchaser and producer. 3.5.2 Forging Stoc

37、k When a sample of stock is forged to a test coupon and heat treated as in 3.4, specimens taken from the heat treated coupon shall conform to the requirements of 3.5.1.1. If specimens taken from the stock after heat treatment as in 3.4 conform to the requirements of 3.5.1.1, the tests shall be accep

38、ted as equivalent to tests of a forged coupon. 3.5.3 Stock for Flash Welded Rings Specimens taken from the stock after heat treatment as in 3.4 shall conform to the requirements of 3.5.1.1. 3.6 Quality The product, as received by purchaser, shall be uniform in quality and condition, sound, and free

39、from foreign materials and from imperfections detrimental to usage of the product. 3.7 Tolerances Bars and wire shall conform to all applicable requirements of AMS2241. 3.8 Production, distribution, and procurement of metal stock shall comply with AS6279. SAE INTERNATIONAL AMS4978H Page 6 of 8 4. QU

40、ALITY ASSURANCE PROVISIONS 4.1 Responsibility for Inspection The producer of the product shall supply all samples for producers tests and shall be responsible for the performance of all required tests. Purchaser reserves the right to sample and to perform any confirmatory testing deemed necessary to

41、 ensure that the product conforms to specified requirements. 4.2 Classification of Tests 4.2.1 Acceptance Tests The following requirements are acceptance tests and shall be performed on each heat or lot as applicable. 4.2.1.1 Composition (3.1) of each heat. 4.2.1.2 Hydrogen content (3.1), tensile pr

42、operties (3.5.1.1), microstructure (3.5.1.2), surface contamination (3.5.1.3), and when specified, fracture-toughness (3.5.1.4) of bars, wire, forgings, and flash welded rings. 4.2.1.3 Tolerances (3.7) of bars and wire. 4.2.2 Periodic Tests Ability of forging stock (3.5.2) and stock for flash welded

43、 rings (3.5.3) to develop specified properties are periodic tests and shall be performed at a frequency selected by the producer unless frequency of testing is specified by purchaser. 4.3 Sampling and Testing Shall be in accordance with AMS2368 and as follows: A lot shall be all product of the same

44、nominal size from the same heat processed at the same time. 4.3.1 For Acceptance Tests 4.3.1.1 Composition At least one sample from each heat, except that for hydrogen determinations, one sample from each lot obtained after thermal and chemical processing is completed. 4.3.1.2 Tensile Properties At

45、least one sample from bars, wire, and flash welded rings from each lot. The number, location, and orientation of samples from each lot of forgings shall be as agreed upon by purchaser and producer. 4.3.1.2.1 Specimens from flash welded rings shall be from parent metal not including the weld heat-aff

46、ected zone. 4.3.1.3 Other Requirements As agreed upon by purchaser and producer. 4.3.2 For Periodic Tests As agreed upon by purchaser and producer. SAE INTERNATIONAL AMS4978H Page 7 of 8 4.4 Reports 4.4.1 The producer shall furnish with each shipment a report showing the producer identity, country w

47、here the metal was melted (e.g., final melt in the case of metal processed by multiple melting operations), the results of tests for composition of each heat and for the hydrogen content, tensile properties, fracture toughness (when specified), and surface contamination of each lot and state that th

48、e product conforms to the other technical requirements. The report shall include the purchase order number, heat and lot numbers, AMS4978H, product form and mill produced size (and/or part number, if applicable), specific annealing treatment used, and quantity. If forgings are supplied, the part num

49、ber and the size and melt source of stock used to make the forgings shall also be included. The producer of stock for forging or flash welded rings shall furnish with each shipment a report showing the results of tests for composition of each heat and for the hydrogen content of each lot. This report shall include the purchase order number, heat number, AMS4978H, size, and quantity. 4.4.2 Report the nominal metallurgically