NFPA 59A AMD 1-2015 Standard for the Production Storage and Handling of Liquefied Natural Gas (LNG) (Effective Date 12 28 2015).pdf
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1、 Tentative Interim Amendment NFPA59A Standard for the Production, Storage, and Handling of Liquefied Natural Gas (LNG) 2016 Edition Reference: Various TIA 16-1 (SC 15-12-4 / TIA Log #1187R) Note: Text of the TIA was issued and approved for incorporation into the document prior to printing. 1. Add ne
2、w entries to Subsection 2.3.12 to read as follows: EN14620-1 through 5, (2006) Design and manufacture of site built, vertical, cylindrical, flat-bottomed, steel tanks for the storage of refrigerated, liquefied gases with operating temperatures between 0 C and -165 C PARTS 1 5. CEB Bulletin 187 (1988
3、) Concrete Structures under Impact and Impulsive Loading. 2. Add new 3.3.4.3.3* and Annex to read as follows (renumber current 3.3.4.3.3 as 3.3.4.3.4): 3.3.4.3.3* Membrane Containment Tank System. A tank system consisting of a thin metal liquid barrier and load-bearing thermal insulation supported b
4、y a self-standing outer concrete container jointly forming an integrated composite tank structure designed to contain liquid and vapor during tank operation as well as LNG in the event of leakage from the liquid barrier, and where the vapor-containing roof of the outer container is either steel or c
5、oncrete configured such that the excess vapor caused by a spill of LNG from the liquid barrier will discharge through the relief valves. A.3.3.4.3.3 A membrane containment tank system consists of a thin metal liquid- and vapor-tight barrier resting against load-bearing thermal insulation and support
6、ed by a free-standing outer pre-stressed concrete container. In normal conditions, primary liquid and vapor containment is provided by a thin metallic barrier which is structurally supported via load-bearing insulation on an outer pre-stressed concrete container. Under these conditions primary vapor
7、 containment is provided by a thin metallic barrier which is connected to the metallic roof liner. In emergency conditions, the secondary liquid and vapor containment is provided by an outer pre-stressed concrete container and metallic roof liner. The outer container must be capable of both containi
8、ng the liquid product and controlling the vapor resulting from evaporation. In this instance the vapor generated from the leakage is discharged through pressure relief valves located in the roof. Vapor losses due to permeability through the outer pre-stressed concrete are acceptable while the wall i
9、s containing liquid in the event of leakage from the thin metal barrier and insulation system. The roof of the outer pre-stressed concrete container may be concrete or steel. Significant design issues arise at the monolithic base-to-wall connection due to the mechanical restraint offered by the base
10、. To mitigate these issues, a secondary liquid containment barrier inside the insulation system across the entire bottom and part of the wall in the vicinity of the base-to-wall joint is to be provided to protect and thermally isolate this area from the cold liquid and provide liquid-tightness. Othe
11、r alternatives of the monolithic base-to-wall are described in ACI376. 3.3.4.3.4* Single Containment Tank System. A single wall container or a double wall tank system in which only the self-supporting primary or inner container is designed to contain LNG. 3. Revise 5.3.1.1(4) to read as follows: 5.3
12、.1.1 Provisions shall be made to minimize the potential of accidental discharge of LNG at containers, pipelines containing LNG, and other equipment such that a discharge from any of these does not endanger adjoining property or important process equipment and structures or reach waterways. LNG conta
13、iners shall be provided with one of the following methods to contain any release: (1) An impounding area surrounding the container(s) that is formed by a natural barrier, dike, impounding wall, or combination thereof complying with 5.3.2 and 5.3.3 (2) An impounding area formed by a natural barrier,
14、dike, excavation, impounding wall, or combination thereof complying with 5.3.2 and 5.3.3, plus a natural or man-made drainage system surrounding the container(s) that complies with 5.3.2 and 5.3.3 (3) Where the container is constructed below or partially below the surrounding grade, an impounding ar
15、ea formed by excavation complying with 5.3.2 and 5.3.3 (4) Secondary containment as required for double, or full, or membrane containment tank systems complying with 5.3.2 and 5.3.3. 4. Revise 5.3.2.5* and Annex to read as follows: 5.3.2.5* Dikes and impounding walls shall meet the following require
16、ments: (1) Dikes, impounding walls, drainage systems, and any penetrations thereof shall be designed to withstand the full hydrostatic head of impounded LNG or flammable refrigerant, the effect of rapid cooling to the temperature of the liquid to be confined, any anticipated fire exposure, and natur
17、al forces, such as earthquakes, wind, and rain. (2) Where the outer shell of a tank system complies with the requirements of 5.3.1.1, the dike shall be either the outer shell or as specified in 5.3.1.1. A.5.3.2.5 Section 7.2.1.1 requires compliance with API 625. API 625 paragraph 5.6 requires the se
18、lection of storage concept to be based on a risk assessment. API 625 Annex C discusses implications of a release of liquid from the primary liquid container and provides specific discussion related to each containment type. API 625 Annex D provides guidance for selection of storage concepts as part
19、of the risk assessment including external and internal events and hazards to be evaluated. Paragraph D.3.2.2 discusses the possibility of sudden failure of the inner tank and advises “if extra protection from brittle fracture” (or unabated ductile crack propagation) “is desired, the general practice
20、 is to increase the” primary container toughness. Available materials meeting the required specifications of API 620 Appendix Q (and this standard) for LNG service are considered to have crack-arrest properties at LNG service temperature and stress levels. Therefore, rapid failure of a steel primary
21、 container meeting this standard is not considered credible. In membrane containment tank systems, brittle fracture of membrane material is typically not a pertinent hazard for membrane tanks. However, other hazards based on a risk assessment should be considered. 5. Revise 5.3.2.7 to read as follow
22、s: 5.3.2.7 Double, full, and membrane containment tank systems shall be designed and constructed such that in the case of a fire in an adjacent tank, the secondary container shall retain sufficient structural integrity to prevent collapse, which can cause damage to and leakage from the primary conta
23、iner. 6. Revise 5.3.2.8 to read as follows: 5.3.2.8 Double, full, and membrane containment tank systems shall have no pipe penetrations below the liquid level. 7. Revise 5.3.4.2 and add new 5.3.4.2.1 to read as follows: 5.3.4.2 Double, full, and membrane containment tank systems of greater than 70,0
24、00 gal (265 m3) water capacity shall be separated from adjacent LNG storage containers such that a fire in an adjacent single or double containment impoundment or from a design spill will not cause loss of containment from adjacent containers. This shall be accomplished by ensuring that no part of t
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