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    EN 12543-3-1999 en Non-Destructive Testing - Characteristics of Focal Spots in Industrial X-Ray Systems for Use in Non-Destructive Testing - Part 3 Slit Camera Radiographic Method《.pdf

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    EN 12543-3-1999 en Non-Destructive Testing - Characteristics of Focal Spots in Industrial X-Ray Systems for Use in Non-Destructive Testing - Part 3 Slit Camera Radiographic Method《.pdf

    1、STDaBSI BS EN 12543-3-ENGL 1997 W Lb2LibbS 0839975 480 M BRITISH STANDARD Non-destructive testing - Characteristics of focal spots in industrial X-ray systems for use in non-destructive testing - Part 3: Slit camera radiographic method The European Standard EN 1254331999 has the status of a British

    2、Standard ICs 19. loo BS EN 12 543-3: 1999 NO COPYING WITHOUT BSI PERMISSION EXCEPT AS PERMITTED BY COPYRIGHT LAW STD=BSI BS EN 12543-3-ENGL 1997 I 1b24bbS 081977b 317 BS EN 12543-3:1999 diredion of the Engineering Amd.No. Date Sector Committee, was published under the authority of the Standards Comm

    3、ittee and comes into effect on 15 December 1999 National foreword Comments This British Standard is the English language version of EN 1254331999. The UK participation in its preparation was entrusted to Technical Committee WEW46, Nondestructive testing, which has the responsibility to: - aid enquir

    4、em to understand the text; - present to the responsible European committee any enquiries on the - monitor related intemational and European developments and promulgate interpretation, or prop the other parts are the following: EN 12543-1 , Non-destructive testing - Characteristics of focal spots in

    5、industrial X-ray systems for use in non- destructive testing - Part 1: Scanning method. EN 12543-2, Non-destructive testing - Characteristics of focal spots in industrial X-ray systems for use in non- destructive testing - Part 2: Pinhole camera radiographic method EN 12543-4, Non-destructive testin

    6、g - Charactenstics of focal spots in industrial X-ray systems for use in non- destructive testing - Part 4: Edge method. EN 12543-5, Non-destructive testing - Characteristics of focal spots in industrial X-ray systems for use in non- destructive testing - Part 5: Measurement of the effective focal s

    7、pot size of mini and micro focus X-ray tubes. QBSI 12-1999 Page 4 EN 12543-311 999 In trod u ct i o n In order to cover the different requirements for focal spot size measurement, five different methods are described in EN 12543-1 to EN 12543-5. The scanning method (EN 12543-1) is dedicated to those

    8、 applications where quantitative values for the intensity distribution and spot size are needed, i. e. calibration and image processing purposes. The radiographic methods (EN 12543-2 and EN 12543-3) describe the traditional techniques and are dedicated for certification purposes and for field applic

    9、ations up to 200 kV. Where no pinhole or slit cameras are available in the field, the edge method (EN 12543-4) may be applied. It represents a very simple method for field application. In order to cover also the micro focus systems, a specific method is presented in EN 12543-5. 1 Scope This European

    10、 Standard specifies a method for the measurement of focal spot dimensions above 0,l mm of X- ray systems up to and including 500 kV tube voltage by means of the slit camera radiographic method. The voltage applied for this measurement is restricted to 200 kV. The image quality and the resolution of

    11、X-ray images depend highly on the characteristics of the focal spot, in particular the size and the twodimensional intensity distribution in the object plane. For the characterization of commercial X-ray tube types (.e. for advertising or trade) the specific maximum values of annex A should be prefe

    12、rred. 2 Normative references This European Standard incorporates by dated or undated reference, provisions from other publications. These normative references are cited at the appropriate places in the text and the publications are listed hereafter. For dated references, subsequent amendments to or

    13、revisions of any of these publications apply to this European Standard only when incorporated in it by amendment or revision. For undated references the latest edition of the publication referred to applies. EN 584-1, Non-destructive testing - Industrial radiographic film - Part 7; Classification of

    14、 film systems for industrial radiography. EN 12543-1, Non-destructive testing - Characteristics of focal spots in industrial X-ray systems for use in non- destnrctive - testing - Part ?: Scanning method. 3 Terms and definitions For the purposes of this standard, the following definition applies: Foc

    15、al spot: the X-ray emitting area on the anode of the X-ray tube as seen from the measuring device EN 12543-11. 4 Test equipment 4.1 The Slit Camera The slit camera shall consist of a block with a slit with the dimensions given in figure I. It shall be made from tungsten or a similiar absorbant mater

    16、ial. 8BSI 12-1999 STD.BS1 BS EN 12543-3-ENGL 1777 81 Lb24bb7 08L7981 784 Page 5 EN 12543-3: 1999 Dimensions in millimetre Key 1 symmetry axis Figure 1 - Essential dimensions of the black and slit 4.2 The angle between the beam direction and the axis of the slit symmetry (see figure 2) shall be small

    17、er than 3. When deviating from figure 2, the direction of the beam shall be indicated. Alignment and position of the slit camera O BSI 12-1999 Page 6 EN 12543-3: 1999 1 focal spot 2 beam direction 3 maximum deviation of the slit symmetry axis Figure 2 -Alignment of the slit camera The incident face

    18、of the slit shall be placed at a distance m from the focal spot so that the variation of the magnification over the length of the actual focal spot does not exceed i 5 % in the beam direction, see figure 3, according to following formulae: n/m=E n/(m+k)20,95 n/(m-p)S 1,05E where E is the magnificati

    19、on. n, m, k and p are given in figure 3. O BSI 12-1999 STD-BSI BS EN 12543-3-ENGL 1777 R Lb24bb7 0817783 557 m Page 7 EN 12543-3: I999 1 plane of anode 2 reference plane 3 radiographic film 4 length of the focal spot 5 beam direction 6 incident face of the slit block 7 length of the actual focal spo

    20、t Figure 3 - Beam direction, dimensions and planes For the production of a pair of focal spot slit radiographs the slit block shall be orientated so that the length of the slit is normal within f 5“ to each of two directions of evaluation. For measurements over the length of the focal spot, the dire

    21、ction of evaluation shall be parallel to the longitudinal axis of the X-ray tube assembly. For measurements over the width of the focal spot, the direction of evaluation shall be normal to the direction of the length evaluation. O BSI 12-1999 STD-BSI BS EN 12543-3-ENGL 1999 I 1b24bb9 0417784 473 Foc

    22、al spot size d (mm) 0,l to 2,o 2,o Page 8 EN 12543-3: 1999 Minimum magnification n/m 3: 1 2:l 4.3 The radiographic film shall be placed normal to the beam direction at a distance n from the incident face of the slit diaphragm determined from the appropriate magnification, according to table 1 : Posi

    23、tion of the radiographic film Table 1 - Magnification for focal spot slit radiographs 4.4 Film type and density The film shall meet the requirements of the film system class C 6 or better according to EN 584-1 and shall be used without screens. The radiograph shall be exposed to a diffuse density be

    24、tween 1,5 and 23. 4.5 Loading factors The X-ray systems shall be 75 % of the nominal tube voltage, but not more than 200 kV. The X-ray tube current shall be the maximum applicable tube current at the selected systems. 5 Measurement and determination of the focal spot size 5.1 Measurement The radiogr

    25、aph shall be evaluated on an illuminator having a uniform luminance level of 2000 dim2 to 3000 cd/m2. It shall be examined visually using a magnifying lens with a built-in graticule with divisions of 0,l mm and a magnification between 5 and 1 O. The focal spot size is determined separately for the l

    26、ength and width directions by evaluation of the visible dimensions of the blackened area divided by the selected magnification factor. 5.2 Determination of the focal spot sire Each focal spot size is described by its size I (length) in the direction of the tube axis and its size w (width) across the

    27、 tube. The operating parameters of the X-ray tube shall be recorded. NOTE If the tube axis is not defined, then the direction of the electron trajectory is used instead. The larger of these sizes shall be used as the “focal spot sized “ A specification of the focal spot sized on the X-ray tube shall

    28、 refer to this standard. If the focal spot size will be certified, the measurement result has to meet the values of EN 12543-1 within an uncertainty off 10 %. Q BSI 12-1999 Page 9 EN 12543-3:1999 Annex A (informative) Preferred values of d for the characterization of X-ray tubes Table A.l - Preferre

    29、d values of d in millimetres Additionally to d, the dimensions of I and w can be indicated in the same steps. O BSI 12-1999 BS EN 12543-3:1999 BSI 389 Chiswick High Road London w4 4AL BSI - British Standards Institution BSI is the independent national body responsible for preparing British Standards

    30、. It presents the UK view on standards in Europe and at the intemaional level. It is incorporated by Royal Charter. Revisions British Standards are updated by amendment or revision. Users of British Standards should make sure that they possess the latest amendments or editions. It is the constant ai

    31、m of BSI to improve the quality of our products and services. We would be grateful if anyone hdug an inaccuracy or ambiguity while using this British Standard would inform the Secretary of the technical committee responsible, the identity of which can be found on the inside front cover. Tel: 020 899

    32、6 9ooo. Fax: 020 8996 7400. BSI offers members an individual updating service called PLUS which ensures that subscribers automatically receive the latest editions of standards. Buying standards Orders for ali BSI, intemational and foreign siandards publications should be addressed to Customer Servic

    33、es. Tel 020 8996 9001. Fax: 020 8996 7001. In response to orders for international standards, it is BSI policy to supply the BSI implementation of those that have been published as British standards, unless otherwise requested. Information on standards BSI provides a wide range of information on nat

    34、ional, European and international standards through its Jibrary and its Technical Help to Exporters Service. Various BSI electronc information services are also available which give details on ail its products and services. Contact the Information Centre. Tel O20 8996 7111. Fax: 020 8996 7048. Subsc

    35、ribing members of BSI are kept up to date with standards developments and receive substantial discounts on the purchase price of standards. For details of these and other benefits contact Membership Administsati on Tel O20 8996 7002. Fax O20 8996 7001. Copyright Copyright subsists in all BSI publica

    36、tions. BSI also holds the copyright, in the UK, of the publications of the international standardization bodies. Except as permitted under the Copyright, Designs and Patents Act 1988 no extract may be reproduced, stored in a retrieval system or transmitted in any form or by any means - electronic, p

    37、hotocopying, recording or otherwise - without prior written permission from BSI. This does not preclude the free use, in the course of implementing the standard, of necessary details such as symbols, and size, type or grade designations. If these details are to be used for any other purpose than implementation then the prior written permission of BSI must be obtained. If permission is granted, the terms may include royalty payments or a licensing agreement. Dem and advice can be obtained from the Copyright Manager. Tel 020 8996 7070.


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