1、COMMISSION INTERNA TIONAL E DE LkLAIRAGE INTERNATIONAL COMMISSION ON ILLUMINATION IN TERNA TIONA LE BEL E UCHTUNGSKOMMISSION LIGHTING FOR SPORTS HALLS PUBLICATION CIE No 58 (1983) BUREAU CENTRAL DE LA CIE 52, BOULEVARD MALESHERBES 75008 PARIS - FRANCE COPYRIGHT International Commission on Illuminati
2、onLicensed by Information Handling Services CIE 58 83 IIB 9006345 0002447 240 This rxport has been prepared by CIE Technical Committee 4.4 Sports Lighting. It has been approved by the majority of the Technical Committee and is recommended for study and application. This report is not an Officially A
3、greed CIE Recommendation approved by the National Committees of the Member Countries of the CIE. It should be noted that any recommendation in this report are advisory and not mandatory. The latest CIE Proceedings or CIE Journal should be consulted regarding the current status of this report and pos
4、sible subsequent amendments. Ce rapport a t prepar par le Comit Technique 4.,4 Eclairage pour la Practique des Sports de,la CIE., I1 a et6 approuv par la majorite du Comit Technique et il est recommande pour etude et appl icatiy. Ce rapport nest pas une Recommendation officielle de la CIE, approuve
5、par les Comites Nationaux de. Pays Membres de la CIE. I1 doit gtre not que toute recommandation y figurant est donnee titre de conseil et non dobligation. En ce qui concerne la situation presente de ce Rapport et d, Fencing, Tennis, Table Tennis Box! ng , Wres tl i ng 2.3. LIMITATION OF GLARE 1 s RE
6、CREATIONAL/TRAINING COMPETITION Eh lux Eh lux 300 500 500 750 300 1500 - 30005: 1 Visual performance is reduced by glare which must therefore be limited as far as possible. Some measures for limiting glare may be taken from CIE Publication No. 29 (1975) Guide on Interior Lighting, Chapter 3, Discomf
7、ort Glare. This procedure has been developed for working areas mainly with a horizontal viewing direction and a regular layout of ceiling mounted luminaires. It may be necessary, therefore, to take additional measures for limiting glare in sports halls, depending on the type of sports. For example,
8、glare caused by high brightness light sources in the players field of view at some critical point in the game, may require special attention to the positioning and screening of light sources to avoid this effect. On the other hand, the viewing direction of a sports participant is constantly changing
9、, whereas in working areas, discomfort glare is aggravated by a relatively. fixed viewing position and direction. TABLE 1 : Recommended average hori zontal ser*/i ce i 11 umi nance The illuminance provided in a sports hall, measured lm above the floor, should be designed for the sports with the high
10、est requirements. For halls without windows or where windows are only used for visual contact (e.g. observation windows), the average horizontal illuminance should not be less than 500 lux. 2.4. COLOUR OF LIGHT SOURCES In general, the use of lamps in colour rendering Group 2 according to CIE Publi N
11、o. 29 (1975) Guide on Interior Lighting, Chapter 6, will be acceptable. ati n Where there is a high proportion of daylight, lamps with “intermediate“ or “cool“ colour appearance should be chosen to blend with the natural light. -2- COPYRIGHT International Commission on IlluminationLicensed by Inform
12、ation Handling Services2.5. ARRANGEMENT OF LUMINAIRES Luminaires with tubular fluorescent lamps are preferably arranged parallel to the main viewing direction. Fittings with high pressure discharge lamps can be uniformly distributed over the ceiling. Such luminaires might also provide a proportion o
13、f upward light. Where a suitable roof structure exists, directional lighting can be provided from cat walks, or from trusses over the sports area, or from the sides of the hall. 2.6. RECOMMENDED REFLECTION FACTORS The reflection factors recommended for major surfaces are: Ceiling - 0.6 Walls - 0.3 -
14、 0.6 Floor - 0.2 The reflection factor of the ceiling should be high so that the difference between the luminance of the luminaires and that of the ceiling is as small as possible. Where it is difficult to achieve an effective ceiling reflectance as high as 0.6 the luminance contrast can be improved
15、 by directing light on to the roof area. The reflection factor of the walls may vary according to the type of sports performed. For a hall used for tennis, table tennis, badmington, for example, the reflection factor of the end walls should be about 0.2 in order to increase the contrast between the
16、ball and the background. If halls are used for gymnastics, dancing, basket ball, etc., the walls should be bright, with a reflection factor of 0.5 to 0.6. Where possible the floor should have a matt finish to prevent high brightness reflections of windows and luminaires. In the case of tennis and gy
17、mnastics where special floor coverings are used, it may not always be possible to achieve a reflection factor as high as that recommended. 2.7. ?!ECHANICAL PROTECTION, INSTALLATION AND MAINTENANCE The luminaires must be fitted with adequate mechanical protection to prevent them from being damaged by
18、 balls. Metal grills or impactresistant plastics can be used for this purpose. The liaht losses incurred by using these protective devices must be taken into account in the lighting design. The maintenance of the lighting installation must also be taken into account in the early stages of design. Du
19、e to the high ceilings, measures must be taken to make the luminaires easily accessible for maintenance and lamp replacement. This maintenance should take place at regular intervals in order to avoid excessive light depreciation due to deposits of dust or dirt. Also lamps, luminaires and ballasts wh
20、ich have ceased to function or show excessive depreciation should be changed individually to ensure that the illuminance continues to comply with the specification. 3. HALLS WITH DAYLIGHT 3.1. DAYLIGHTING DESIGN Glazing in walls and roofs is not only used for the lighting of halls but also to provid
21、e a view of the exterior. The size and arrangement of windows and skylights and the type of glazing used, influence the illuminance produced by the daylight in a hall. This changes with the time of day and year depending on the position of the sun and weather conditions. Windows and skylights should
22、 provide the recommended horizontal illuminance given in Table 1 for a significant proportion of the time that the hall is in use. -3- COPYRIGHT International Commission on IlluminationLicensed by Information Handling Services CIE 58 83 9006345 0002454 4O Windows arranged along the sides of an area
23、result in considerable diversity of illumi- nance, the highest value occurring close to the windows. Skylights, on the other hand, provide better uniformity of illuminance. In all cases, it is essential to avoid direct sunlight, and so glare and heat. The main windows and the glazed sections of pitc
24、hed roof constructions should therefore face away from the sun. The disadvantages of introducing a large daylighting component into sports areas may be: - glare for people facing the windows - if the windows are arranged along one side, objects and people viewed against - at night, the lighting equi
25、pment and the bright surfaces of the room are - reflections in polished floors - solar heat gain and heat losses Screening of direct sunlight may be achieved either by the design of the building structure or the use of tinted heat-reflecting glass or by installing blinds or curtains. The latter solu
26、tion is particularly effective in achieving a satisfactory night-time appearance, but is unlikely to reduce significantly solar heat gain within the building. 3.2. WINDOWS FOR VISUAL CONTACT Visual contact with the outside is desirable, and can be obtained by using lateral windows. The sill height s
27、hould be no more than lm above the ground and the top not less than 2.5 m above floor level. The total width of the windows should be at least 2/3 the width of the walls. On the other hand, narrow vertical slit viewing windows may provide sufficient contact with the exterior without introducing the other design problem already mentioned. areas of Glazing are only revealed in silhouette reflected in windows, especially if they extend to the ceiling -4- COPYRIGHT International Commission on IlluminationLicensed by Information Handling Services
