1、BS ISO 18495-1:2016Intelligent transport systems Commercial freight Automotive visibility in thedistribution supply chainPart 1: Architecture and data definitionsBSI Standards PublicationWB11885_BSI_StandardCovs_2013_AW.indd 1 15/05/2013 15:06BS ISO 18495-1:2016 BRITISH STANDARDNational forewordThis
2、 British Standard is the UK implementation of ISO 18495-1:2016.The UK participation in its preparation was entrusted to Technical Committee EPL/278, Intelligent transport systems.A list of organizations represented on this committee can be obtained on request to its secretary.This publication does n
3、ot purport to include all the necessary provisions of a contract. Users are responsible for its correct application. The British Standards Institution 2016.Published by BSI Standards Limited 2016ISBN 978 0 580 85280 0 ICS 03.220.01; 35.240.60 Compliance with a British Standard cannot confer immunity
4、 from legal obligations.This British Standard was published under the authority of the Standards Policy and Strategy Committee on 30 September 2016.Amendments/corrigenda issued since publicationDate T e x t a f f e c t e dBS ISO 18495-1:2016 ISO 2016Intelligent transport systems Commercial freight A
5、utomotive visibility in the distribution supply chain Part 1: Architecture and data definitionsSystmes intelligents de transport Fret commercial Visibilit automobile dans la chane dapprovisionnement de la distribution Partie 1: Architecture et dfinitions des donnesINTERNATIONAL STANDARDISO18495-1Fir
6、st edition2016-09-01Reference numberISO 18495-1:2016(E)BS ISO 18495-1:2016ISO 18495-1:2016(E)ii ISO 2016 All rights reservedCOPYRIGHT PROTECTED DOCUMENT ISO 2016, Published in SwitzerlandAll rights reserved. Unless otherwise specified, no part of this publication may be reproduced or utilized otherw
7、ise in any form or by any means, electronic or mechanical, including photocopying, or posting on the internet or an intranet, without prior written permission. Permission can be requested from either ISO at the address below or ISOs member body in the country of the requester.ISO copyright officeCh.
8、 de Blandonnet 8 CP 401CH-1214 Vernier, Geneva, SwitzerlandTel. +41 22 749 01 11Fax +41 22 749 09 47copyrightiso.orgwww.iso.orgBS ISO 18495-1:2016ISO 18495-1:2016(E)Foreword ivIntroduction v1 Scope . 12 Conformance . 13 Normative references 14 Terms and definitions . 25 Symbols and abbreviated terms
9、 . 36 General requirement 46.1 Business modelling and core use cases . 46.2 Business process overview. 46.2.1 Distribution supply chains liable to “informal” movements of automotives . 46.2.2 Business process for automotives in the distribution supply chain 66.3 High level system data architecture 8
10、6.4 Data architecture . 96.4.1 Concept 96.5 Data concept definitions 106.5.1 Automotive Identifier .106.5.2 Automotive event .11Annex A (informative) ASN.1 modules for the data concepts defined in this part of ISO 18945 13Annex B (informative) Interpreting a VIN number .15Annex C (informative) Examp
11、le business processes and work flows 17Annex D (informative) Sector descriptive information20Bibliography .25 ISO 2016 All rights reserved iiiContents PageBS ISO 18495-1:2016ISO 18495-1:2016(E)ForewordISO (the International Organization for Standardization) is a worldwide federation of national stan
12、dards bodies (ISO member bodies). The work of preparing International Standards is normally carried out through ISO technical committees. Each member body interested in a subject for which a technical committee has been established has the right to be represented on that committee. International org
13、anizations, governmental and non-governmental, in liaison with ISO, also take part in the work. ISO collaborates closely with the International Electrotechnical Commission (IEC) on all matters of electrotechnical standardization.The procedures used to develop this document and those intended for its
14、 further maintenance are described in the ISO/IEC Directives, Part 1. In particular the different approval criteria needed for the different types of ISO documents should be noted. This document was drafted in accordance with the editorial rules of the ISO/IEC Directives, Part 2 (see www.iso.org/dir
15、ectives).Attention is drawn to the possibility that some of the elements of this document may be the subject of patent rights. ISO shall not be held responsible for identifying any or all such patent rights. Details of any patent rights identified during the development of the document will be in th
16、e Introduction and/or on the ISO list of patent declarations received (see www.iso.org/patents).Any trade name used in this document is information given for the convenience of users and does not constitute an endorsement.For an explanation on the meaning of ISO specific terms and expressions relate
17、d to conformity assessment, as well as information about ISOs adherence to the World Trade Organization (WTO) principles in the Technical Barriers to Trade (TBT) see the following URL: www.iso.org/iso/foreword.htmlThe committee responsible for this document is ISO/TC 204, Intelligent transport syste
18、ms.ISO 18495-1 is the first of potentially several parts of this family of International Standards deliverables relating to automotive visibility in the distribution supply chain. Subsequent parts will provide specifications for particular aspects within this architecture.iv ISO 2016 All rights rese
19、rvedBS ISO 18495-1:2016ISO 18495-1:2016(E)IntroductionThe automotive distribution supply chain, which includes newly manufactured vehicles, second hand vehicles, industrial machines, construction machines and agricultural equipment (but, particularly, that for the supply of newly manufactured vehicl
20、es and machines), can be defined as a logistics chain from point of origin to an intended destination. The related parties are many, consisting of automotive manufactures, dealers, truckers, terminal operators, shipping lines, tally body, customs authorities, automotive dealers and other logistic re
21、lated companies such as labelling, forwarding, stevedoring among others and this complexity makes the distribution chain difficult to control and financially inefficient. Most of the logistics process occurs at land transport and parks of new manufactured and used automotive terminals, both prior to
22、 international shipping and post international shipping.Most distribution supply chain operations that manage the movement of automobiles through the distribution supply chain are currently handled manually, on a company by company basis, and generate a very significant amount of paperwork, which is
23、 duplicated at each stage throughout the distribution chain, causing duplication of unharmonized data and difficulty in matching these different data concepts associated with a single item in shipment.Transport movements are made by international shippers and forwarders, and not on a single company
24、basis. Inconsistent availability and format of data creates problems in the management of the distribution chain.The many parties involved in the distribution supply chain, and lack of data or inconsistency in its format and presentation, causes inefficient land transport and highly labour intensive
25、 and complicated operations in terminals and increases the required minimum stock levels required to ensure contingency of supply in order to avoid stock-out situations.Further, it is very common for dealers to request changes of finished vehicle options and destination based on final customers requ
26、est in an actual business environment. This is complex and difficult to achieve without visibility throughout the distribution supply chain.Improving the efficiency of the automotive distribution supply chain will make a significant contribution to reducing pollution, reducing waste of finite resour
27、ces and reduction of environmental problems.Considerable work and effort has already been undertaken to formalize, harmonize and standardize the documentation and the formal business processes associated with the documentation management of the automotive supply chain for finished vehicles, and thes
28、e processes and data concepts are acknowledged and accepted with regards to the formal documentation processing and management of such systems. The existing (and standardized) supply chain documentation and data processing are not affected by this part of ISO 18495, which is complementary to those p
29、rocesses, and designed mostly for use by logistics operators. However, unlike many items in supply chains, automotives can be, and are, informally physically moved around car parks and holding centres during the logistics of operations.As there are many existing practices within the process of autom
30、otive fabrication, and very local practices within dealers, it is recognized that these aspects of vehicle build and delivery will have their own domestic architectures. Similarly, there are established practices and procedures on the maritime leg of the journey. However, if the manufacturer, dealer
31、, shipper or dealer wishes, at their option, to extend this architecture and data definitions into their domains, this architecture enables them to do so, should they so elect to do.This part of ISO 18495 establishes a framework and architecture for data collection of the physical movement of vehicl
32、es, construction machinery and agricultural equipment, in the distribution chain between a point of origin (start of logistics movement) and an intended destination, and provides a means to monitor their actual physical movement at and between various stages of the distribution supply chain, includi
33、ng informal movements within any of these stages/locations, and provides consistent data architecture, harmonized data concepts and presentation for such data. ISO 2016 All rights reserved vBS ISO 18495-1:2016BS ISO 18495-1:2016Intelligent transport systems Commercial freight Automotive visibility i
34、n the distribution supply chain Part 1: Architecture and data definitions1 ScopeThis part of ISO 18495 establishes a framework and architecture for data collection and to provide data definitions for visibility of vehicles, self-propelled construction machinery and agricultural equipment (hereinafte
35、r referred to as “automotives” or “automobiles”) in the distribution supply chain between a point of origin (start of logistics movement) and an intended destination.This architecture is designed to cover any undocumented movements at any location. The scope of this part of ISO 18495 is toa) enable
36、dynamic location within a storage area/compound,b) provide consistent use of the ISO 3779/ ISO 3780 VIN (where available) as the prime identifier, andc) where a VIN is not available, provide consistent and standardized identification throughout the distribution chain movement.NOTE 1 The scope of thi
37、s part of ISO 18495 does not standardize the data carriers or their interrogation means.NOTE 2 This part of ISO 18495 is expected to be the first part of multipart standard relating to this subject.NOTE 3 This specification is complementary to, and does not replace any supply chain documentation sta
38、ndardized and in use by JAIF or ODETTE in the new vehicle supply chain, nor does it impose any specification or change on the representation, nor exchange of, their data concepts nor documentation.NOTE 4 The movement of automobiles within containers is outside of the scope of this part of ISO 18495.
39、2 ConformanceNo specific conformance requirements are specified in this part of ISO 18495.3 Normative referencesThe following documents, in whole or in part, are normatively referenced in this document and are indispensable for its application. For dated references, only the edition cited applies. F
40、or undated references, the latest edition of the referenced document (including any amendments) applies.ISO 3779, Road vehicles Vehicle identification number (VIN) Content and structureISO 3780, Road vehicles World manufacturer identifier (WMI) codeISO 14816, Road transport and traffic telematics Au
41、tomatic vehicle and equipment identification Numbering and data structureISO 14817 (all parts), Intelligent transport systems ITS central data dictionariesISO 17262, Intelligent transport systems Automatic vehicle and equipment identification Numbering and data structuresINTERNATIONAL STANDARD ISO 1
42、8495-1:2016(E) ISO 2016 All rights reserved 1BS ISO 18495-1:2016ISO 18495-1:2016(E)4 Terms and definitionsFor the purposes of this document, the following terms and definitions apply.4.1architecturefundamental concepts or properties of a system in its environment embodied in its elements, relationsh
43、ips and its framework (4.9)4.2automobileautomotiveany self-propelling motorized vehicle including cars, vans, trucks, self-propelling construction machinery and self-propelling agricultural equipmentNote 1 to entry: See also vehicle (4.14).4.3current locationphysical position at the time of the enqu
44、iry4.4data conceptcharacterization which describes and defines the essential features of a distinct entity such as a data element (4.5), group of data entities or metadata, normally described by defining all or some of its object class, properties, value domain, data element concept, data element, d
45、ata frame, message, interface dialogue, associations, but does not define the specific value domainNote 1 to entry: Data concepts (4.4) can be classified into the following categories: object class, value domain, data element, aggregate domain, data frame, message, interface dialogue, dictionary doc
46、ument, term, symbol or module.4.5data elementunion of a specific data concept (4.4) with a specific value domain creates a data elementNote 1 to entry: For example, the Person-date of birth can be combined with the Date DDMMYYYY value domain to create the data element: Person-date of birth, DDMMYYYY
47、; alternatively, the data element could be formed using the Date YYYY value domain making a distinct data element Person.4.6destinationdestination locationmost recently updated end point of the journey4.7distribution chainseries of businesses or organizations that are involved in transporting, stori
48、ng and selling goods to customers (Cambridge ED)Note 1 to entry: See also distribution supply chain (4.8) and supply chain (4.13).4.8distribution supply chainprocess of transportation and distribution, of vehicles (4.14) and mobile plant and equipment, through a distribution chain (4.7)4.9frameworkp
49、articular set of beliefs or ideas referred to in order to describe a scenario or solve a problem2 ISO 2016 All rights reservedBS ISO 18495-1:2016ISO 18495-1:2016(E)4.10location typefunction of the facility/point where the data was collected4.11point of originstart point of a logistical movement of an automotive (4.2) to a destination (4.6)4.12status definitionidentifier indicating whether the automotive (4.2) is “Not Ready” or “Ready” for the next function of the facility or the next READ POINT of the journey4.13supply chain
