1、*USACE / NAVFAC / AFCESA / NASA UFGS-31 05 21 (August 2008)-Preparing Activity: USACE SupersedingUFGS-31 05 21 (April 2006)UNIFIED FACILITIES GUIDE SPECIFICATIONSReferences are in agreement with UMRL dated July 2008*SECTION TABLE OF CONTENTSDIVISION 31 - EARTHWORKSECTION 31 05 21GEOGRID SOIL REINFOR
2、CEMENT08/08PART 1 GENERAL1.1 MEASUREMENT AND PAYMENT1.2 REFERENCES1.3 SUBMITTALS1.4 QUALITY ASSURANCE1.5 DELIVERY, STORAGE, AND HANDLING1.5.1 Labeling1.5.2 Handling1.5.3 StoragePART 2 PRODUCTS2.1 GEOGRID REINFORCEMENT2.1.1 Geogrid Reinforcement Properties2.1.1.1 Allowable Strength2.1.1.2 Interface F
3、riction Testing2.2 SPLICESPART 3 EXECUTION3.1 INSTALLATION3.1.1 Subgrade Preparation3.1.2 Anchor Trench3.1.3 Placement3.1.4 Overlaps and Fasteners3.1.5 Splices3.1.6 Penetrations3.2 COVER SOIL PLACEMENT3.3 OVERSIGHT3.4 CONFORMANCE TESTING- End of Section Table of Contents -SECTION 31 05 21 Page 1Prov
4、ided by IHSNot for ResaleNo reproduction or networking permitted without license from IHS-,-,-*USACE / NAVFAC / AFCESA / NASA UFGS-31 05 21 (August 2008)-Preparing Activity: USACE SupersedingUFGS-31 05 21 (April 2006)UNIFIED FACILITIES GUIDE SPECIFICATIONSReferences are in agreement with UMRL dated
5、July 2008*SECTION 31 05 21GEOGRID SOIL REINFORCEMENT08/08*NOTE: This guide specification covers the requirements for geogrid reinforcement to enhance the veneer soil stability for landfill liners and covers.Edit this guide specification for project specific requirements by adding, deleting, or revis
6、ing text. For bracketed items, choose applicable items(s) or insert appropriate information.Remove information and requirements not required in respective project, whether or not brackets are present.Comments and suggestions on this guide specification are welcome and should be directed to the techn
7、ical proponent of the specification. A listing of technical proponents, including their organization designation and telephone number, is on the Internet.Recommended changes to a UFGS should be submitted as a Criteria Change Request (CCR).*PART 1 GENERAL*NOTE: Geometric requirements such as slope le
8、ngth, and construction limits should be shown on the drawings.*1.1 MEASUREMENT AND PAYMENTThe unit of measurement for soil slope reinforcement will be square meters (SM) yards (SY). Overlaps for splices (if allowed) and for the Contractors convenience will not be measured for payment. Payment will b
9、e made at the respective unit price listed on the bidding schedule. Payment will be full compensation for furnishing all material, labor, equipment, supplies and incidentals to complete the work.SECTION 31 05 21 Page 2Provided by IHSNot for ResaleNo reproduction or networking permitted without licen
10、se from IHS-,-,-1.2 REFERENCES*NOTE: This paragraph is used to list the publications cited in the text of the guide specification. The publications are referred to in the text by basic designation only and listed in this paragraph by organization, designation, date, and title.Use the Reference Wizar
11、ds Check Reference feature when you add a RID outside of the Sections Reference Article to automatically place the reference in the Reference Article. Also use the Reference Wizards Check Reference feature to update the issue dates.References not used in the text will automatically be deleted from t
12、his section of the project specification when you choose to reconcile references in the publish print process.*The publications listed below form a part of this specification to the extent referenced. The publications are referred to within the text by the basic designation only.ASTM INTERNATIONAL (
13、ASTM)ASTM D 4355 (2007) Deterioration of Geotextiles from Exposure to Light, Moisture and Heat in a Xenon-Arc Type ApparatusASTM D 4595 (2005) Tensile Properties of Geotextiles by the Wide-Width Strip MethodASTM D 4873 (2002) Identification, Storage, and Handling of Geosynthetic Rolls and SamplesAST
14、M D 5262 (2007) Evaluating the Unconfined Tension Creep Behavior of GeosyntheticsASTM D 5321 (2002) Determining the Coefficient of Soil and Geosynthetic or Geosynthetic and Geosynthetic Friction by the Direct Shear MethodGEOSYNTHETIC INSTITUTE (GSI)GSI GRI GG1 (1987; R 1988) Geogrid Rib Tensile Stre
15、ngthGSI GRI GG4a (1991) Determination of the Long-Term Design Strength of Stiff GeogridsGSI GRI GG4b (1991) Determination of the Long-Term Design Strength of Flexible GeogridsGSI GRI GG5 (1991) Test Method for Geogrid PulloutSECTION 31 05 21 Page 3Provided by IHSNot for ResaleNo reproduction or netw
16、orking permitted without license from IHS-,-,-GSI GRI GG6 (1996) Grip Types for Use in Wide Width Testing of Geotextiles and Geogrids1.3 SUBMITTALS*NOTE: Review submittal description (SD) definitions in Section 01 33 00 SUBMITTAL PROCEDURES and edit the following list to reflect only the submittals
17、required for the project. Submittals should be kept to the minimum required for adequate quality control.A “G” following a submittal item indicates that the submittal requires Government approval. Some submittals are already marked with a “G”. Only delete an existing “G” if the submittal item is not
18、 complex and can be reviewed through the Contractors Quality Control system. Only add a “G” if the submittal is sufficiently important or complex in context of the project.For submittals requiring Government approval on Army projects, a code of up to three characters within the submittal tags may be
19、 used following the “G“ designation to indicate the approving authority. Codes for Army projects using the Resident Management System (RMS) are: “AE“ for Architect-Engineer; “DO“ for District Office (Engineering Division or other organization in the District Office); “AO“ for Area Office; “RO“ for R
20、esident Office; and “PO“ for Project Office. Codes following the “G“ typically are not used for Navy, Air Force, and NASA projects.Choose the first bracketed item for Navy, Air Force and NASA projects, or choose the second bracketed item for Army projects.*Government approval is required for submitt
21、als with a “G“ designation; submittals not having a “G“ designation are for Contractor Quality Control approval. information only. When used, a designation following the “G“ designation identifies the office that will review the submittal for the Government. Submit the following in accordance with S
22、ection 01 33 00 SUBMITTAL PROCEDURES:SD-02 Shop DrawingsInstallation; G; G, _Geogrid layout plan along with anchorage and joint details. Sequencing and construction procedures. Proposed geogrid layout a minimum of 7 days prior to geogrid placement.SD-03 Product DataAllowable StrengthSECTION 31 05 21
23、 Page 4Provided by IHSNot for ResaleNo reproduction or networking permitted without license from IHS-,-,-Geogrid allowable strength calculated in accordance with GSI GRI GG4a or GSI GRI GG4b. The calculations shall itemize each reduction factor. Account for splice efficiency in the calculations. Pro
24、vide calculations a minimum of 7 days prior to delivery of geogrid to the site.ManufacturerSummary of manufacturers qualifications a minimum of 7 days prior to delivery of geogrid to the site. Manufacturers quality control (QC) manual a minimum of 7 days prior to the delivery of geogrid to the site.
25、SD-04 SamplesGeogrid Reinforcement*NOTE: The geogrid sample is intended to be for visual demonstration prior to product delivery. Conformance testing samples, if required, should be obtained from material actually delivered to the job. If testing is to be performed for pre qualification, the minimum
26、 sample size should be 1 meter (36 inches) in length and the full roll width. Although 1 square meter (yard) will provide enough material for testing, the full roll width should be sampled since it provides a better selection of specimen locations, it clearly shows the machine and cross directions,
27、and the difference in waste and shipping costs is negligible.*One properly identified 600 by 600 mm 24 by 24 inches minimum size geogrid sample with the fasteners proposed for use.SD-06 Test ReportsGeogrid ReinforcementManufacturers certified raw and roll material test reports including ultimate str
28、ength performed in accordance with GSI GRI GG1 or ASTM D 4595 (modified). Test results not meeting the requirements in Table 1 or in the approved Manufacturers Quality Control Manual will result in rejection of applicable rolls. Provide certified test reports a minimum of 7 days prior to delivery of
29、 geogrid to the site.Coefficient of InteractionThe coefficient of interaction for pull-out resistance of the proposed geogrid in a soil of similar gradation and texture to the material that will be used for fill in the reinforced zone. Establish the coefficient of interaction in accordance with GSI
30、GRI GG5. Provide certified test results a minimum of 7 days prior to delivery of geogrid to the site.Interface Friction TestingSECTION 31 05 21 Page 5Provided by IHSNot for ResaleNo reproduction or networking permitted without license from IHS-,-,-Certified laboratory interface friction test results
31、 including description of equipment and test method, a minimum of 7 days prior to delivery of geogrid to the site.SplicesTest data showing splice efficiency. Provide certified test results a minimum of 7 days prior to delivery of geogrid to the site.Conformance TestingResults of conformance testing.
32、SD-07 CertificatesCertificates of ComplianceAn affidavit certifying raw and roll material test results submitted are accurate and that the reinforcement meets the requirements of the project specifications. The affidavit shall be signed by an official authorized to certify on behalf of the manufactu
33、rer. If the affidavit is dated after award of the contract and/or is not specific to the project, the supplier shall attach a statement certifying that the affidavit addressed to the wholesale company is representative of the material supplied. The documents shall include a statement confirming that
34、 all purchased resin used to produce reinforcement is virgin resin. Provide affidavit a minimum of 7 days prior to delivery of geogrid to the site.1.4 QUALITY ASSURANCESubmit a summary of the manufacturers qualifications and _ copies of the manufacturers quality control manual, as specified in the S
35、ubmittals paragraph. The reinforcement manufacturer shall provide a qualified and experienced representative to be available on an as-needed basis during construction. The representative shall visit the site for consultation at least once during construction as requested by the Contracting Officer.1
36、.5 DELIVERY, STORAGE, AND HANDLINGCheck products upon delivery to ensure that the proper material has been received and is dry and undamaged. Protect the materials from damage and exposure following the guidelines presented in ASTM D 4873.1.5.1 LabelingLabel each roll with the manufacturers name, pr
37、oduct identification, roll dimensions, lot number, and date manufactured.1.5.2 HandlingHandle and unload geogrid rolls by hand, or with load carrying straps, a fork lift with a stinger bar, or an axial bar assembly. Geosynthetic rolls shall not be dragged, lifted by one end, lifted by cables or chai
38、ns, or dropped to the ground.SECTION 31 05 21 Page 6Provided by IHSNot for ResaleNo reproduction or networking permitted without license from IHS-,-,-1.5.3 StorageProtect geogrid from deleterious materials, chemicals, sparks and flames, temperatures in excess of 70 degrees C 160 degrees F, and any o
39、ther environmental condition that may degrade the physical properties. If stored outdoors, the rolls shall be elevated from the ground surface. Protect geogrids, except for extruded grids, with an opaque waterproof cover.PART 2 PRODUCTS2.1 GEOGRID REINFORCEMENT*NOTE: Polyester is susceptible to hydr
40、olysis in alkaline conditions. A high molecular weight and low carboxyl end group number limit the hydrolysis. Normally, a mill certificate or certification of these properties is adequate. The molecular weight of polyester geosynthetics is determined from GSI GRI GG6, “Determination of the Number A
41、verage Molecular Weight of Polyethylene Terephthalate (PET) yarns Based on a Relative Viscosity Value“, and ASTM D 4603, “Determining Inherent Viscosity of Poly (Ethylene Terephthalate) (PET) by Glass Capillary Viscometer.“ The carboxyl end group number is determined from GSI GRI GG7, “Carboxyl End
42、Group Content of Polyethylene Terephthalate (PET) Yarns.“*Provide a geogrid that is a geosynthetic manufactured for reinforcement applications and a regular network of integrally connected polymer tensile elements with aperture geometry sufficient to permit significant mechanical interlock with the
43、surrounding soil, aggregate, or other fill materials. The geogrid structure shall be dimensionally stable and able to retain its geometry under manufacture, transport and installation. The geogrid shall be manufactured with 100 percent virgin resin consisting of polyethylene, polypropylene, polyeste
44、r, or other approved material and with a maximum of 5 percent in-plant regrind material. Polyester resin shall have a minimum molecular weight of 25,000 and a carboxyl end group number less than 30. Polyethylene and polypropylene shall be stabilized with long term antioxidants. Submit Certificates of Compliance for the materials provided as specified in the Submittals paragraph.2.1.1 Geogrid Reinforcement PropertiesThe reinforcement shown on the contract drawings shall meet the property requirements listed in Table 1. Reinforcement strength requirements represent minimum average roll v
