1、Designation: F1504 14Standard Specification forFolded Poly(Vinyl Chloride) (PVC) Pipe for Existing Sewerand Conduit Rehabilitation1This standard is issued under the fixed designation F1504; the number immediately following the designation indicates the year oforiginal adoption or, in the case of rev
2、ision, the year of last revision. A number in parentheses indicates the year of last reapproval. Asuperscript epsilon () indicates an editorial change since the last revision or reapproval.1. Scope*1.1 This specification covers requirements and test methodsfor materials, dimensions, workmanship, fla
3、ttening resistance,impact resistance, pipe stiffness, extrusion quality, and a formof marking for folded (vinyl chloride) (PVC) pipe for existingsewer and conduit rehabilitation.1.2 Pipe produced to this specification is for use in non-pressure sewer and conduit rehabilitation where the foldedPVC pi
4、pe is inserted into and then expanded to conform to thewall of the original conduit forming a new structural pipe-within-a-pipe.NOTE 1For installation procedures refer to Practice F1947.1.3 This specification includes pipe made only from mate-rials specified in Section 6. This specification does not
5、 includepipe manufactured from reprocessed, recycled, or reclaimedPVC.1.4 The values stated in inch-pound units are to be regardedas standard. The values given in parentheses are mathematicalconversions to SI units that are provided for information onlyand are not considered standard.1.5 The followi
6、ng precautionary statement pertains to thetest method portion only, Section 11, of this specification: Thisstandard does not purport to address all of the safety concerns,if any, associated with its use. It is the responsibility of the userof this standard to establish appropriate safety and healthp
7、ractices and determine the applicability of regulatory limita-tions prior to use.2. Referenced Documents2.1 ASTM Standards:2D618 Practice for Conditioning Plastics for TestingD790 Test Methods for Flexural Properties of Unreinforcedand Reinforced Plastics and Electrical Insulating Materi-alsD1600 Te
8、rminology forAbbreviated Terms Relating to Plas-ticsD1784 Specification for Rigid Poly(Vinyl Chloride) (PVC)Compounds and Chlorinated Poly(Vinyl Chloride)(CPVC) CompoundsF1947 Practice for Installation of Folded Poly (Vinyl Chlo-ride) (PVC) Pipe into Existing Sewers and ConduitsD2122 Test Method for
9、 Determining Dimensions of Ther-moplastic Pipe and FittingsD2152 Test Method for Adequacy of Fusion of ExtrudedPoly(Vinyl Chloride) (PVC) Pipe and Molded Fittings byAcetone ImmersionD2412 Test Method for Determination of External LoadingCharacteristics of Plastic Pipe by Parallel-Plate LoadingD2444
10、Test Method for Determination of the Impact Resis-tance of Thermoplastic Pipe and Fittings by Means of aTup (Falling Weight)F412 Terminology Relating to Plastic Piping SystemsF1057 Practice for Estimating the Quality of Extruded Poly(Vinyl Chloride) (PVC) Pipe by the Heat ReversionTechnique2.2 Feder
11、al Standard:3Fed. Std. No. 123 Marking for Shipment (Civil Agencies)2.3 Military Standard:3MIL-STD-129 Marking for Shipment and Storage3. Terminology3.1 GeneralAbbreviations used in this specification are inaccordance with Terminology D1600 and definitions are inaccordance with Terminology F412 unle
12、ss otherwise indicated.3.2 Definitions of Terms Specific to This Standard:3.2.1 folded pipepipe that has been manufactured in afolded shape or that is subsequently folded for use in existingsewer and conduit rehabilitation. See Fig. 1.3.2.2 rounded pipeA rounded pipe is a sample for testpurposes for
13、med when the folded pipe has been inserted into a1This specification is under the jurisdiction of ASTM Committee F17 on PlasticPiping Systems and is the direct responsibility of Subcommittee F17.67 onTrenchless Plastic Pipeline Technology.Current edition approved April 1, 2014. Published May 2014. O
14、riginallyapproved in 1994. Last previous edition approved in 2010 as F1504 10. DOI:10.1520/F1504-14.2For referenced ASTM standards, visit the ASTM website, www.astm.org, orcontact ASTM Customer Service at serviceastm.org. For Annual Book of ASTMStandards volume information, refer to the standards Do
15、cument Summary page onthe ASTM website.3Available from DLA Document Services Building 4/D 700 Robbins AvenuePhiladelphia, PA 19111-5094 http:/quicksearch.dla.mil/*A Summary of Changes section appears at the end of this standardCopyright ASTM International, 100 Barr Harbor Drive, PO Box C700, West Co
16、nshohocken, PA 19428-2959. United States1circular casing pipe and expanded with heat and pressure to fittightly to the casing pipe taking a circular cross section, inaccordance with Section 10. See Fig. 1.4. Significance and Use4.1 The requirements of this specification are intended toprovide folded
17、 pipe suitable for the rehabilitation of existingpipelines and conduits conveying sewage, process flow, andstorm water, under nonpressure conditions, through theheating, insertion, and expansion of the folded pipe.NOTE 2Industrial waste disposal lines should be installed only withthe specific approv
18、al of the cognizant code authority since chemicals notcommonly found in drains and sewers and temperatures in excess of140F (60C) may be encountered.5. Application of Materials5.1 The nominal folded PVC pipe sizes specified in Section8 are applicable for a range of original pipe inside diameters.Tab
19、le 1 lists the recommended ranges for each nominal size.6. Materials and Manufacture6.1 Basic MaterialsThe pipe shall be made from virginPVC compound meeting all the requirements for cell classifi-cations 12334, 13223, 32334, or 33223 as defined in Specifi-cation D1784.6.2 Rework MaterialClean rewor
20、k material, generatedfrom the manufacturers own PVC sewer pipe production maybe used by the same manufacturer provided that the reworkmaterial meets the requirements of 6.1 and that the pipeproduced meets all the requirements of this specification.Reworked material of intermixed cell classifications
21、 shall belabeled as the minimum cell classification of this specification,and labeled in accordance with 15.1.3.1. Reworked materialcontaining any copolymer materials shall be labeled as copo-lymer material.7. Other Requirements7.1 Pipe FlatteningThere shall be no evidence ofsplitting, cracking, or
22、breaking when the rounded pipe is testedin accordance with 11.3.7.2 Pipe Impact StrengthThe impact strength of therounded pipe shall not be less than the values given in Table 2when tested in accordance with 11.4.NOTE 3This test is intended only for use as a quality-control test, notas a simulated s
23、ervice test.7.3 Pipe StiffnessPipe stiffness values for the roundedpipe shall comply with Table 3 when tested in accordance with11.6.7.4 Extrusion QualityThe extrusion quality of the pipeshall be evaluated by both of the following test methods.7.4.1 Acetone ImmersionThe pipe shall not flake or dis-i
24、ntegrate when tested in accordance with 11.6.1.7.4.2 Heat ReversionThe extrusion quality shall be esti-mated by heat reversion method in accordance with 11.6.2.7.5 Flexural PropertiesFlexural modulus of elasticity val-ues for the rounded pipe shall comply with Table 4 when testedin accordance with 1
25、1.7.8. Dimensions, Mass, and Permissible Variations8.1 Rounded Pipe DiameterThe average outside diameterof the rounded pipe shall meet the requirements given in Table5 with a tolerance of 61.0 % when measured in accordancewith 11.2.1.8.2 Rounded Pipe Wall ThicknessThe minimum wallthickness of the ro
26、unded pipe, when measured in accordancewith 11.2.2, shall not be less than the values specified in Table5.9. Workmanship, Finish, and Appearance9.1 The rounded and folded pipes shall be homogeneousthroughout and free from visible cracks, holes, foreigninclusions, or other injurious defects. The pipe
27、 shall be asNOTE 1This figure is intended only for clarification of terms specificto this specification and shows a representative folded pipe shape. Otherfolded pipe shapes may meet the requirements of this specification.FIG. 1 Folded Pipe and Rounded PipeClarification of TermsTABLE 1 Folded PVC Pi
28、pe, Recommended Size Ranges of UseNOTE 1The minimum and maximum recommended existing pipeinside diameters shown in Table 1 are mean inside diameters along thepipe length and are not intended as absolute limits on localized dimen-sions. Consult the manufacturer for use of folded PVC pipe for sizes of
29、existing pipe beyond the recommended ranges shown in Table 1.Folded PipeNominal Out-sideDiameter, in.(mm)Recommended ExistingPipe Inside DiameterRange, in. (mm)Resulting DR over Diameter Rangemin max DR 50 DR 41 DR 354 (102) 3.7 (94) 4.2 (107) . . . . . . 32406 (152) 5.6 (142) 6.3 (160) . . . 3846 3
30、2408 (203) 7.4 (188) 8.4 (213) 4755 3846 32409 (229) 8.3 (211) 9.4 (239) 4755 3846 324010 (254) 9.3 (236) 10.5 (267) 4755 3846 324012 (305) 11.3 (287) 12.8 (325) 4755 3846 324015 (381) 13.9 (353) 15.7 (399) 4755 3846 3240TABLE 2 Minimum Impact Strength at 73F (23C)Pipe Size, in. (mm) Impact Strength
31、, ftlbf (J)4 (102) 150 (203)6 (152) 210 (284)8 (203) 210 (284)9 (229) 220 (299)10 (254) 220 (299)12 (305) 220 (299)15 (381) 220 (299)F1504 142uniform as commercially practical in color, opacity, density,and other physical properties.10. Sampling10.1 Rounded pipe sample preparation shall involve theu
32、nfolding and expansion of a folded pipe sample within a splitpipe mold with an inside diameter equal to the nominal outsidediameter shown in Table 2. A folded pipe sample of sufficientlength (10 ft (3 m) maximum) to complete the testing require-ments shall be inserted into the split pipe mold and se
33、cured atthe ends. The assembly shall then be placed in an enclosedchamber for heating. Ambient pressure steam shall be appliedto the chamber for at least a 15-min period at a minimumtemperature of 200F (93C). While maintaining the minimum200F temperature, the folded pipe shall then be rounded byappl
34、ying internal steam pressure at 8 psig (55 kPa) for a periodof 2 min. While maintaining the 8-psig internal pressure,transition to air pressure and cool the sample to 100F (38C)or less. Remove the rounded sample from the mold for testing.10.2 The frequency of sampling shall be as agreed uponbetween
35、the purchaser and the seller.10.3 Initial and retest samples shall be drawn from the sameproduction shift.11. Test Methods11.1 Test ConditionsConduct tests in the standard labora-tory atmosphere of 73.4 6 3.6F (23 6 2C) and 50 6 5%relative humidity, with test specimens conditioned in accor-dance wit
36、h Procedure A of Practice D618, unless otherwisespecified in the test methods or in this specification.11.2 Rounded Pipe Dimensions:11.2.1 Pipe DiametersMeasure the outside diameter ofthe pipe in accordance with the applicable section of TestMethod D2122. Either a tapered sleeve gage or a verniercir
37、cumferential wrap tape accurate to 60.001 in. (60.02 mm)may be used.11.2.2 Wall ThicknessMeasure the wall thickness in ac-cordance with the applicable sections of Test Method D2122.Make sufficient readings, a minimum of six, to ensure that theminimum thickness has been determined. Use a cylindricala
38、nvil tubing micrometer accurate to 60.001 in. (60.02 mm).11.3 Pipe FlatteningFlatten three specimens of roundedpipe, 6-in. (150-mm) long, between parallel plates in a suitablepress until the distance between the plates is 40 % of theoutside diameter of the pipe. The rate of loading shall beuniform a
39、nd such that the compression is completed within 2 to5 min. Remove the load and examine the specimens forevidence of splitting, cracking, or breaking.11.4 Impact ResistanceDetermine the impact resistance ofthe rounded pipe in accordance with the applicable section ofTest Method D2444, using a 20-lb
40、(9-kg) Tup A and the flatplate Holder B. Test six specimens each 6 in. (150 mm) long atthe impact levels given in Table 2. All shall pass. If one fails,test another six specimens; eleven passes out of twelve testedshall be acceptable.11.5 Pipe StiffnessDetermine the pipe stiffness forrounded pipe sp
41、ecimens using Test Method D2412. Test threespecimens, each 150 mm (6 in.) long. The pipe stiffness of eachspecimen at 5 % deflection shall equal or exceed the minimumvalue listed in Table 3.11.6 Extrusion Quality:11.6.1 Acetone ImmersionTests shall run in accordancewith Test Method D2152 on rounded
42、pipe samples. Thisprocedure is used for determining the extrusion quality ofextruded PVC plastic pipe as indicated by reaction to immer-sion in anhydrous acetone. It is applicable only for distinguish-ing between unfused and properly fused PVC.11.6.2 Heat ReversionTests shall be run in accordancewit
43、h Practice F1057 on rounded pipe samples. The roundedpipe shall not exhibit any of the effects listed in the suggestedInterpretation of Results in Practice F1057.11.7 Flexural PropertiesTests shall be run on roundedpipe samples in accordance with Test Method IProcedure Aof Test Method D790. Test spe
44、cimens shall be cut in theTABLE 3 Minimum Pipe Stiffness at 5 % DeflectionNOTE 1Higher stiffness, due to higher moduli or lower DR, may also be available; consult the manufacturer.Pipe Size, in. (mm)Pipe Stiffness, psi (kPa)PS-1APS-2BDR 50 DR 41 DR 35 DR 50 DR 41 DR 354 (102) . . . . . . 31 (219) .
45、. . . . . 36 (250)6 (152) . . . 19 (134) 31 (219) . . . 22 (153) 36 (250)8 to 15 (203 to 381) 10 (73) 19 (134) 31 (219) 12 (83) 22 (153) 36 (250)APS-1 is for material with a minimum cell classification of 13223 or 33223 (280 000-psi (1.93 Gpa) minimum modulus).BPS-2 is for material with a minimum ce
46、ll classification of 12334 or 32334 (320 000-psi (2.21 Gpa) minimum modulus).TABLE 4 Rounded Pipe Flexural PropertiesCell Classification Flexural Modulus, psi (GPa)13223, 33223 280 000 (1.93)12334, 32334 320 000 (2.21)TABLE 5 Rounded Pipe DimensionsOutside Diameter,in. (mm)Minimum Wall Thickness, in
47、. (mm)DR 50 DR 41 DR 354.000 (101.6) . . . . . . 0.114 (2.9)6.000 (152.4) . . . 0.146 (3.7) 0.171 (4.3)8.000 (203.2) 0.160 (4.1) 0.195 (5.0) 0.229 (5.8)9.000 (228.6) 0.180 (4.6) 0.219 (5.6) 0.257 (6.5)10.000 (254.0) 0.200 (5.1) 0.243 (6.2) 0.286 (7.3)12.000 (304.8) 0.240 (6.1) 0.292 (7.4) 0.343 (8.7
48、)15.000 (381.0) 0.300 (7.6) 0.365 (9.3) 0.429 (10.9)F1504 143longitudinal direction and oriented on the test machine with theinterior surface of the rounded sample against the loadingsupports.12. Inspection12.1 Inspection of the material shall be made as agreed uponbetween the purchaser and the sell
49、er as part of the purchasecontract.13. Retest and Rejection13.1 If the results of any test(s) do not meet the require-ments of this specification, the test(s) may be conducted againin accordance with an agreement between the purchaser andthe seller. There shall be no agreement to lower the minimumrequirement of the specification by such means as omittingtests that are a part of the specification, substituting ormodifying a test method, or by changing the specificationlimits. In retesting, the product requirements of th
