1、2018 年 浙 江 省 杭 州 市 中 考 真 题 英 语第 一 部 分 听 力 理 解 ( 略 )第 二 部 分 阅 读 理 解 ( 共 两 节 , 满 分 40 分 )第 一 节 ( 共 15 小 题 , 每 小 题 2 分 , 满 分 30 分 )阅 读 下 列 短 文 , 从 每 题 所 给 的 四 个 选 项 ( A、 B、 C 和 D) 中 选 出 最 佳 选 项 。AWhen Canadian teenager Ryan was six years old, his teacher told him that in many parts ofAfrica, there was
2、no clean water. She said that people often made themselves ill, and even died,just from drinking or bathing in dirty water.What she said made Ryan upset. He decided to raise money for a well( 井 ) so that people inAfrica could have clean water. He did extra chores for his parents and raised $70 all b
3、y himself. Then he found out that it actually cost $2,000 to dig a well.Most people would have given up at this point, but not Ryan. He was disappointed, butdetermined to raise more money. Finally he collected over $2,000. That money was used to dig thefirst of “Ryans wells”.Since then, Ryan has con
4、tinued to raise money for more wells. In fact, Ryan has raised over$1,500 ,000!Ryan calls himself “a normal boy” and likes to play ice hockey when hes not in school ortraveling around the world talking to other students about himself and his work. As for the future.he has said that he isnt exactly s
5、ure what he will choose to do. “Something along the lines of alawyer or a teacher. Maybe a leader!”16. Ryans teacher told him about the water problem inAfrica in order to_.A. encourage Ryan to dig wells for people inAfricaB. ask Ryan to raise money for poor people inAfrica C. make Ryan feel unhappy
6、and disappointedD. educate Ryan to care aboutAfrican people in difficulty.解 析 : 考 查 推 理 判 断 题 。 难 度 较 小 , 通 过 第 一 段 , 老 师 告 诉 同 学 们 非 洲 没 有 干 净 的 水 源 , 这是 为 了 教 育 学 生 们 要 关 注 有 困 难 的 非 洲 人 民 。 故 选 D。答 案 : D17. What does Ryan think of himself according to the passage?A. He is different from other stu
7、dents in many ways.B. He never gives up when he has decided to do something.C. He is talented and can do many great things in the future,D. Hes like other students with his own hobby and dreams.解 析 : 考 查 细 节 理 解 题 , 难 度 较 小 , 定 位 原 文 第 5 段 , Ryan calls himself“ a normal boy”说 明 Ryan 觉 得 自 己 是 一 个 普
8、通 的 男 孩 , 有 自 己 的 爱 好 和 理 想 。 答 案 : D18. Which of the following is the best title for the passage?A. Ryan and His TeacherB. Ryan and His Wells. C. Ryan and His MoneyD. Ryan and His Future解 析 : 考 查 主 旨 大 意 题 。 难 度 适 中 , 此 题 需 要 结 合 首 末 段 和 各 段 主 旨 句 进 行 理 解 , 这 篇 文 章主 要 讲 述 Ryan 为 了 帮 助 非 洲 人 民 而 筹 钱
9、 造 井 的 事 。答 案 : B BWho wants to eat food that is thrown away as waste? Believe it or not, thats exactly whatworld leaders did at a lunch held by the United Nations in 2015.During the meal, the world leaders enjoyed dishes like salads and burgers made withthrown-away vegetables and fruits. Chef Dan B
10、arber, who helped create the meal, hoped that theexperience would make the leaders pay more attention to the issue of food waste.It is a huge problem. One out of nine people on Earth does not get enough food. Yet every year over one third of the food produced worldwide goes to waste!Why is so much f
11、ood wasted? Firstly, food is often thrown away before it reaches customersbecause too much of it is produced, or because it is not kept properly in farms. Secondly, shopsand supermarkets usually throw away unsold food. Finally, customers often buy more food thanthey need, so a lot of uneaten food is
12、 wasted.How can you waste less food? When eating out, you may ask for less food and take homewhat is left. Visit fast food restaurant less often, since they usually more wasteful. Encourage yourfavorite restaurants to give unsold food to food banks.You can also waste less food at home. Use smaller r
13、ice bowls so that you serve less rice.Encourage family members to use unfinished rice to make rice puddings. Tell familymembers to make a shopping list and buy only what is on the list when shopping for food.Food waste is a growing problem and we, either farmers or food sellers or customers, musttak
14、e this problem more seriously and do what we can to help. 19. What did world leaders do at a lunch held by the United Nations in 2015?A. They threw away food as waste during the meal.B. They made dishes with waste vegetables and fruitsC. They ate food made with waste vegetables and fruits.D. They he
15、lped Chef Dan Barber create the special meal.解 析 : 考 查 细 节 理 解 题 , 难 度 较 小 。 Who wants to eat food that is thrown away as waste? Thatexactly what world leaders did at a lunch held by the United Nation in 2015.结 合 第 二 段 首 句 可知 各 国 领 导 人 吃 了 被 当 作 垃 圾 扔 掉 的 水 果 和 蔬 菜 做 成 的 食 物 。答 案 : C20. The underlin
16、ed word “issue” in Paragraph 2 is closest in meaning to_.A. resultB. problem C. causeD. beginning解 析 : 考 查 词 义 猜 测 题 , 难 度 适 中 。 通 过 第 二 段 可 知 , 这 个 活 动 是 为 了 让 领 导 者 更 多 地 关 注食 物 浪 费 问 题 。答 案 : B 21. The writer organizes Paragraph 4 by asking a question and_.A. giving examplesB. using numbersC. lis
17、ting reasonsD. telling a story解 析 : 考 查 段 落 结 构 题 , 难 度 适 中 , 通 过 文 章 : firstly, secondly, finally 可 以 发 现 , 作 者 通 过提 问 和 举 例 说 明 的 方 式 来 构 造 这 个 段 落 。答 案 : C22. Which way of wasting less food is mentioned in the passage?A. Buying unsold food from supermarkets.B. Keeping food properly in fridge.C. U
18、sing smaller rice bowls when eating out. D.Asking for less food in restaurants.解 析 : 考 查 细 节 理 解 题 , 难 度 较 小 。 根 据 第 五 段 第 二 句 。答 案 : D CBananas are the perfect snack. Not only are they sweet and delicious, but they are easy tocarry around, so you can take them anywhere. Best of all, bananas provide
19、 different things that thehuman body needs!Bananas grow best in warm places that get lots of rain. They grow on plants that look liketrees. The banana plant, however, is considered a herb rather than a tree because it doesnt have astrong , woody stem( 茎 , 干 ) . The plants can grow as high as 30 feet
20、. When they reach their fullheight, flowers grow out from the stem. These flowers produce bananas.Two or three times each year, the plants produce fruit. The bananas grow together, which seem like “hands”. A hand is made up of 10 to 20 bananas. Growers sometimes call bananas“fingers”. Each bunch( 丛
21、) of bananas has about 15 hands, and so a whole bunch may have asmany as 200 bananas and can weigh more than 100 pounds.After about three months, the bananas are ready to be picked. At this point, they still arentthe sunny yellow color of bananas. Farmers pick them when theyre green. Thats how theyr
22、eshipped to stores. They turn yellow along the way and are ready to be sold.If you love bananas, youve got a lot of company. Americans have been enjoying bananassince the first shipment arrived in the United States in 1876. Today, American eat more bananasthan any other fruit. More bananas are sold
23、than apples and grapes together. Every American eatsover 26 pounds of bananas each year!23. The first paragraph mainly talks about_.A. why people like bananasB. how bananas taste C. what bananas are rich inD. where bananas are taken解 析 : 考 查 主 旨 大 意 题 , 难 度 适 中 。 此 类 题 目 并 不 能 够 在 原 文 中 找 到 相 同 句 子
24、或 者 答 案 , 需要 通 读 段 落 , 根 据 段 落 的 大 意 总 结 概 括 。 此 题 问 的 是 第 一 段 的 主 要 内 容 , 通 过 第 一 段 的 关 键 词 “ perfect” 、 “ provide” , 关 键 句 “ not only.but also” 可 知 , 第 一 段 主 要 讲 的 是 为 什 么 人 们喜 欢 香 蕉 , 故 选 A。答 案 : A24. What is the correct order in which these happen?a. The bananas begin to turn yellowb.Abanana pla
25、nt grows to full height.c. The flowers produce bananas.d. The bananas are ready to be picked.A. c-b-a-dB. b-c-d-aC. b-c-a-dD. c-b-d-a 解 析 : 考 查 细 节 理 解 题 , 难 度 适 中 。 需 要 通 读 全 文 , 找 出 a-d 在 文 中 相 应 的 细 节 信 息 , 并 进行 排 序 。 首 先 b 出 现 在 第 二 段 倒 数 第 二 句 , 再 是 c 出 现 在 第 二 段 倒 数 第 一 句 , d 出 现 在 第四 段 第 一 句
26、, 最 后 a 出 现 在 第 四 段 最 后 一 句 , 故 为 B 正 确 选 项 。答 案 : B25. Which of the following is true according to the passage?A. The banana plant is a kind of tree.B. Bananas like growing in hot and dry areas.C. One banana plant usually produces fruit once a year.D. The banana plant usually produces fruit once a
27、year.解 析 : 考 查 细 节 理 解 题 , 难 度 稍 大 。 需 要 整 合 文 章 的 细 节 信 息 , 由 于 四 个 选 项 的 出 处 有 可 能不 在 同 一 处 , 需 要 针 对 每 个 选 项 找 到 原 文 的 对 应 语 句 , 进 行 判 断 , 常 用 排 除 法 。 A 选 项 从第 二 段 第 三 句 : the banana plan, however, is considered a herb 可 排 除 。 B 选 项 对 应 第 二 段 的 第 一 句 : bananas grow best in warm places that get lo
28、ts of rain 可 排 除 。 D 选 项 与 第 三 段 第一 句 two or three times each year 不 符 , 故 排 除 。 C 选 项 与 第 三 段 最 后 一 句 can weigh morethan 100 pounds 相 符 合 , 故 为 正 确 选 项 。答 案 : C26. Which is the second most popular fruit inAmerica according to the bar chart?A.Apples.B. Grapes.C. Bananas.D. Oranges解 析 : 考 查 细 节 题 , 难
29、 度 较 小 。 此 类 题 目 需 要 结 合 表 格 , 寻 找 题 干 关 键 词 , 与 表 格 信 息 对 应 。题 干 关 键 词 “ the second most popular” 对 应 表 格 第 二 高 的 树 状 图 , 定 位 apples, 故 选 A。答 案 : A DThere is a popular Chinese saying that “Fair skin( 皮 肤 ) will make up for three flaws( 缺 陷 ) ”.This mentions the fact that in Chinese culture, it is b
30、elieved that people who have fair skin aremore beautiful. In Western culture, however, the opposite is true many Westerners think tanned skin is prettier. The example shows that different cultures have different ideas of what they think isbeautiful. These cultural meanings of the beauty, however, ar
31、e no longer important. As more andmore people travel overseas, ideas about beauty are being shared among cultures. The Internet hasalso made it easier for people to share different types of beauty since people are always postingpictures on social media. The result is an ever-changing idea of what is
32、 considered beautiful.The cultural practice of ear piercings, for example, has become a part of modern day culture.In Kenya, it is a tradition among Masai men and women to pierce and then make their earlobes( 耳 垂 ) longer using ivory and wood or stones. They then wear colorful things on their earlob
33、es. This is a common practice since longer ear lobes are seen as a sigh of beauty. This traditionhas now found its way into present-day culture. Nowadays, this might still seem unusual to some,but with more and more well-known actors and film stars showing off their longer ear lobes, itwill finally
34、become more fashionable.It is understood that different cultures around the world have different ways of showing beauty. However, since we now live in a worldwide society, peoples views about beauty arealways changing. With the help of the Internet, people are now able to easily borrow ideas fromoth
35、er cultures to help them stand out. So what new fashions can we expect to see in the future?27. What has made it easier for people to share ideas about beauty?A. The development of technology.B. The popularity of the latest fashions.C. The unchanged cultural traditions.D. The worlds growing populati
36、on.解 析 : 细 节 理 解 题 , 难 度 中 等 。 此 类 题 需 要 在 文 章 中 找 到 相 关 细 节 , 需 要 将 原 文 的 表 达 和 选项 中 表 达 进 行 匹 配 或 者 同 义 匹 配 。 这 个 题 目 我 们 可 以 根 据 文 章 最 后 倒 数 第 二 句 “ with the helpof the Internet, people are now easily borrow ideas from other cultures to help them stand out” 可知 , 科 技 的 发 展 使 得 人 们 对 美 的 看 法 更 容 易
37、传 播 。 选 项 A 正 好 与 文 中 意 思 契 合 , 所 以 选 择A。 答 案 : A28. What can be learned about the Masai people from the passage?A. Longer ear lobes are their new fashion.B. Only women make their ear lobes longer.C. They think longer ear lobes look beautiful.D. They make actors and film stars famous.解 析 : 推 理 判 断 题
38、 , 难 度 中 等 。 此 类 题 需 要 结 合 原 文 内 容 进 行 推 断 和 概 括 , 需 要 将 原 文 的 表达 和 选 项 中 表 达 进 行 同 义 匹 配 。 这 个 题 目 定 位 文 章 第 二 段 第 二 句 , 结 合 整 段 段 意 和 文 章 主旨 可 知 , Masai 人 民 会 穿 耳 洞 , 用 象 牙 、 木 头 和 石 头 让 耳 垂 变 大 的 目 的 是 为 了 美 。 选 项 C 正好 与 文 中 意 思 契 合 , 所 以 选 择 C。答 案 : C 29. The underlined word “them” in the last p
39、aragraph refers to .A. peopleB. ideasC. culturesD. fashions 解 析 : 词 义 推 理 题 , 难 度 中 等 。 此 类 题 需 要 找 到 单 词 在 文 中 的 位 置 , 联 系 上 下 文 进 行 词 义 猜测 。 这 个 “ them” 我 们 定 位 文 章 倒 数 第 二 句 。 本 句 主 语 “ people” , 整 句 意 思 :在 网 络 的 帮 助下 , 人 们 容 易 借 助 其 他 文 化 来 帮 助 她 们 自 己 在 人 群 中 凸 显 。 所 以 , 这 里 的 them 指 的 是people。
40、 选 项 A 正 好 与 文 中 意 思 契 合 , 所 以 选 择 A。答 案 : A30. What is the passage mainly about?A. People inAsian countries like fair skin better.B. Beauty is considered important in many cultures.C. Different cultures have different ideas about beauty.D. Peoples ideas about beauty are changing all the time.解 析 :
41、考 查 主 旨 大 意 题 , 难 度 较 大 。 此 类 题 目 需 要 对 整 篇 文 章 的 大 意 进 行 了 解 后 才 能 解 题 ,做 题 技 巧 上 主 要 关 注 文 章 的 开 头 和 结 尾 。 这 篇 文 章 第 一 段 最 后 一 句 和 最 后 一 段 第 二 句 , 都 是 文 章 中 心 句 , 都 表 明 了 人 们 对 美 的 理 解 是 一 直 在 变 的 。 选 项 D 正 好 与 文 中 意 思 契 合 , 所 以选 择 D。答 案 : D第 二 节 ( 共 5 小 题 , 每 小 题 2 分 , 满 分 10 分 )下 面 文 章 中 有 五 处 (
42、 第 31-35 题 ) 需 要 添 加 小 标 题 。 请 从 以 下 选 项 ( A、 B、 C、 D、 E 和 F)中 选 出 符 合 各 段 意 思 的 小 标 题 。 选 项 中 有 一 项 是 多 余 选 项 。Five ways to make a great first impression( 印 象 ) !Researchers have discovered that, in general, it only takes seven seconds for a person to startmaking judgments about you when they first
43、 meet you. Thats why you should follow these usefultips on how to create a good first impression.31._Before meeting someone, start thinking about the purpose of the meeting. Are you trying to impress them? For example, if you want to make new friends at a social event, you will want toappear friendl
44、y. And if you decide to run for class president at your school, you will need toappear confident( 自 信 ) .32. _Smiling is the most important thing you can do when meeting someone new. It shows thatyoure friendly and makes people around you feel more comfortable. To have a winning smile,make sure your
45、 teeth are clean by brushing them every day.33. _Before you begin speaking, you will be judged on your body language. Therefore, itsimportant to show trust in yourself by standing up tall and putting your shoulders back. Besides, ifyou uncross your arms, you will appear relaxed and friendly.34. _How
46、 you smell can influence peoples first impression of you. If you have a bad body smell, it will put people off. In short, aim to smell clean and avoid putting on a lot of scented products.35. _What you wear matters. While you should look clean and tidy, its also important to dressproperly, whether y
47、oure going to a birthday party or a sporting event. You should think aboutwhat your clothes say about you. 31.解 析 : 考 察 该 段 主 旨 大 意 , 该 段 关 键 “purpose of the meeting”, “appear friendly”, “appearconfident”主 要 是 说 你 想 要 展 现 的 形 象 , 故 答 案 选 F。答 案 : F32.解 析 : 考 察 该 段 主 旨 大 意 , 该 段 关 键 “smiling”主 要 是 说 微
48、 笑 的 重 要 性 , 故 答 案 选 D。答 案 : D33.解 析 : 考 察 该 段 主 旨 大 意 , 该 段 关 键 “ body language” , 主 要 是 说 肢 体 语 言 的 重 要 性 , 故 答案 选 E。答 案 : E 34.解 析 : 考 察 该 段 主 旨 大 意 , 该 段 关 键 “smell”主 要 是 说 气 味 的 重 要 性 , 故 答 案 选 A。答 案 : A35.解 析 : 考 察 该 段 主 旨 大 意 , 该 段 关 键 “dress”主 要 是 说 穿 着 的 重 要 性 , 故 答 案 选 B。答 案 : B第 三 部 分 英 语
49、 知 识 运 用 ( 共 两 节 , 满 分 25 分 )第 一 节 : 完 形 填 空 ( 共 15 小 题 , 每 小 题 1 分 , 满 分 15 分 )通 读 下 面 短 文 , 掌 握 其 大 意 , 然 后 在 各 题 所 给 的 四 个 选 项 ( A、 B、 C 和 D) 中 选 出 一 个 最佳 选 项 。 My friends and I joined a two-day survival( 生 存 ) training course in the mountains. The firstday was really 36 there was so much to do! Arriving at the campsite, we were dividedinto groups and given a tent, some food, a 37 and a compass( 指 南 针 ) . Standing next toa small river, Fanny 38 camping in the grassy area nearby. However, our instructor, Mr.L