1、专业英语四级-96及答案解析 (总分：100.00，做题时间：90分钟)In order to work here the foreigner needs a work permit, which must be applied 1 by his prospective employer. The problem here is that the Department of the Employment has the right to 2 or refuse these permits, and there is little that can be 3 about it. It would
2、 be extremely unwise 4 a foreign visitor to work without a permit, since anyone doing so is 5 to immediate deportation. There are some 6 to this rule, most notably people from the Common Market countries, who are 7 to work without permits, and who are often given 8 residence permits of up to five ye
3、ars. Some 9 people, such as doctors, foreign journalists, 10 and others, can work without permits. The problem with the act is not just that some of its rules are unfair but 11 it is administered, and the people who administer it. An immigration official has the power to stop a visitor 12 these shor
4、es coming into the country. If this happens the visitor has the 13 to appeal 14 the Immigration Appeal Tribunal. While the appeals are being considered, the visitor has no 15 but to wait sometimes for quite a long time. Critics of the law say that immigration officials treat the 16 visitors badly, a
5、nd appear to accept or 17 them for no 18 reason. Which side of the political 19 you are on, there seems to be an urgent need for a good look at the Act, for it causes frequent argument, and in the eyes of many real 20 .（分数：30.00）A.forB.offC.toD.inA.allowB.admitC.presentD.grantA.madeB.doneC.explained
6、D.talkedA.forB.toC.asD.inA.aptB.likelyC.liableD.inclinedA.exemptionsB.exceptionsC.excerptionsD.expositionsA.prescribedB.qualifiedC.entitledD.certifiedA.currentB.temporaryC.conditionalD.transientA.moreB.fewerC.othersD.otherA.farmersB.authorsC.taxi driversD.waitersA.the wayB.thatC.the timeD.whatA.out
7、ofB.toC.fromD.offA.honorB.forceC.rightD.authorityA.forB.inC.toD.byA.choiceB.selectionC.varietyD.optionA.confusedB.awedC.stunnedD.amazedA.injectB.objectC.projectD.rejectA.self-evidentB.apparentC.declaredD.clear-cutA.roadB.wallC.fenceD.fiverA.injusticeB.justiceC.benefitD.fruitAt a time when the world
8、is short of causes for celebration, here is a candidate: within the next few months women will cross the 50% threshold and become the majority of the American workforce. Women already 21 the majority of university graduates in the OECD countries and the majority of 22 workers in several rich countri
9、es, including the United States. Women 23 many of the worlds great companies, from Pepsico in America to Areva in France. Womens 24 empowerment is arguably the biggest social change of our times. Just a generation ago, women were 25 confined to repetitive, humble jobs. They were routinely 26 to casu
10、al sexism and were expected to 27 their careers when they married and had children. Today they are running some of the organizations that once treated them 28 second-class citizens. Millions of women have been given more control over their own lives. 29 millions of brains have been put to more produ
11、ctive use. Societies that try to 30 this trendmost notably the Arab countries, but also Japan and some southern European countrieswill pay a heavy price in the form of wasted talent and frustrated citizens. This revolution has been 31 with only a modicum of friction. Men have, 32 , welcomed womens i
12、nvasion of the workplace, 33 even the most positive changes can be incomplete or unsatisfactory. This particular advance comes with two stings. The first is that women are still 34 at the top of companies. Only 2% of the bosses of Americas largest companies and 5% of their 35 in Britain are women. T
13、hey are also paid significantly less than men 36 average. The second is that juggling work and child-rearing is difficult. Middle-class couples routinely 37 that they have too little time for their children. But the biggest losers are poor children 38 in places like America and Britain that have 39
14、high levels of female 40 in the labor force with a reluctance to spend public money on child care.（分数：30.00）A.make fromB.make ofC.make upD.make ofA.professionalB.responsibleC.skillfulD.specialA.ownB.runC.possessD.loveA.politicalB.culturalC.economicalD.economicA.largelyB.whollyC.partlyD.speciallyA.ai
15、medB.subjectedC.prohibitedD.linkedA.pursueB.seekC.abandonD.changeA.asB.forC.withD.atA.AndB.ButC.YetD.NeverthelessA.insistB.persistC.consistD.resistA.modifiedB.achievedC.changedD.complemented,A.by or largeB.by and againC.by and largeD.by and byA.yetB.andC.beforeD.whenA.undervaluedB.underperformedC.un
16、derminedD.underrepresentedA.peersB.competitorC.colleaguesD.friendA.inB.atC.onD.withA.deemB.believeC.agreeD.complainA.speciallyB.largelyC.particularlyD.mostlyA.combinedB.advocatedC.disagreedD.haltedA.anticipationB.negotiationC.participationD.associationBilingual education is controversial in the Unit
17、ed States. 41 , a growing body of research shows that 42 speaking two languages comes with certain types of improved mental 43 . Being able to use two languages and never knowing which one to be used right now is good to the brain. The attentional executive system, crucial for all higher thought, se
18、ems to be 44 . Executive functioning allows us to keep a goal in mind, take 45 to achieve that goal, and to ignore other information that might 46 us from that goal. The question is: Would it be the case that bilinguals, by the 47 need for controlling the two languages, develop a more efficient exec
19、utive functioning system. The results suggest that bilinguals 48 have this positive collateral effect, which is even stronger when it goes to kids and older people. These are ages 49 executive functioning is worse. Bilinguals do better at tests that require multitasking, including ones that 50 drivi
20、ng and talking on a phone. And the longer people have spoken multiple languages, the greater the cognitive 51 . There are even benefits when languages were 52 at later ages. Certainly, bilingualism comes with some 53 . Bilinguals have more tip-of-the-tongue problems. There are a couple of millisecon
21、ds before they can target. Bilingual children, also, have 54 a smaller vocabulary in each of their languages than monolingual children, 55 they probably know more words altogether. Still, all of these findings are 56 abstract. It is difficult to take laboratory findings showing better executive func
22、tioning in bilinguals and demonstrate that they 57 into better performance in the workplace or some other practical 58 . The only real-world application preliminarily demonstrated may be that multilingualism can 59 health benefits to Alzheimers patients. Bilinguals show 60 of the disease up to four
23、years later than monolinguals.（分数：40.00）A.HereafterB.ThereforeC.HoweverD.MeanwhileA.deliberatelyB.skillfullyC.accuratelyD.regularlyA.reactionB.conditionC.performanceD.structureA.alteredB.enhancedC.reflectedD.depressedA.courageB.actionsC.chancesD.adviceA.distractB.separateC.guideD.deceiveA.urgentB.ba
24、sicC.constantD.socialA.willB.canC.mustD.mayA.whereB.whyC.thatD.whichA.simulatedB.controlledC.pretendedD.performedA.resultsB.effectsC.growthD.responseA.taken overB.taken inC.taken backD.taken upA.outcomeB.mistakeC.costD.upsetA.on occasionB.on averageC.on purposeD.on principleA.andB.butC.soD.orA.somew
25、hatB.somewayC.somehowD.sometimesA.convertB.developC.integrateD.translateA.purposeB.undertakingC.approachD.environmentA.promiseB.predictC.provideD.proveA.symptomsB.declineC.incidencesD.spread专业英语四级-96答案解析 (总分：100.00，做题时间：90分钟)In order to work here the foreigner needs a work permit, which must be appl
26、ied 1 by his prospective employer. The problem here is that the Department of the Employment has the right to 2 or refuse these permits, and there is little that can be 3 about it. It would be extremely unwise 4 a foreign visitor to work without a permit, since anyone doing so is 5 to immediate depo
27、rtation. There are some 6 to this rule, most notably people from the Common Market countries, who are 7 to work without permits, and who are often given 8 residence permits of up to five years. Some 9 people, such as doctors, foreign journalists, 10 and others, can work without permits. The problem
28、with the act is not just that some of its rules are unfair but 11 it is administered, and the people who administer it. An immigration official has the power to stop a visitor 12 these shores coming into the country. If this happens the visitor has the 13 to appeal 14 the Immigration Appeal Tribunal
29、. While the appeals are being considered, the visitor has no 15 but to wait sometimes for quite a long time. Critics of the law say that immigration officials treat the 16 visitors badly, and appear to accept or 17 them for no 18 reason. Which side of the political 19 you are on, there seems to be a
30、n urgent need for a good look at the Act, for it causes frequent argument, and in the eyes of many real 20 .（分数：30.00）A.forB.offC.toD.in解析：惯用法题。apply for(申请)是固定搭配。A.allowB.admitC.presentD.grant解析：词义辨析题。allow允许；admit承认；present引见，赠送；grant授予。根据“or refuse”，应选D。A.madeB.doneC.explainedD.talked解析：惯用法题。考点是t
31、here is little (nothing) can be done about it.(在这件事上没什么办法。)是固定用法，其他三个词没有这种搭配。A.forB.toC.asD.in解析：语法题。for引出不定式的逻辑主语，即“to work without a permit”。A.aptB.likelyC.liableD.inclined解析：词义辨析题。考察四个词的区别，四词都含有“可能”的意思，但又略有差别：likely指一件事情极可能发生，但不一定发生；apt指一件一定会发生的事情；liable一般和不理想的事情，即“易于产生某种(对主语)不利的后果”，常用于警告；be liab
32、le to sth.应受处罚；inclined指倾向于做什么；根据词义，选C最合适。A.exemptionsB.exceptionsC.excerptionsD.expositions解析：词义辨析题。exception例外(一般与“to”搭配)；exemption豁免(一般与“from”搭配)；excerption选录，抄录；exposition说明，阐释。下文提到“没有许可也能工作”，说明有例外，因此选B。A.prescribedB.qualifiedC.entitledD.certified解析：词义辨析题。prescribe规定，开药方；qualify有资格；entitle有权利；be
33、 entitled to (do) sth.有权利做事；certify证明，保证；因此，选C，其他都不合适。A.currentB.temporaryC.conditionalD.transient解析：词义辨析题。current现在的，当前的；temporary临时的，暂时的；conditional有条件的；transient短暂的。根据词义和后面的“up to five years(多达5年)”，应选B。A.moreB.fewerC.othersD.other解析：词义辨析题。some other(其他，另一些)是固定搭配，而more，fewer显然在此都不切题。others本身就是不定代词
34、，后面不能跟名词。所以选D。A.farmersB.authorsC.taxi driversD.waiters解析：词义辨析题。farmer农民；author作家；taxi driver出租车司机；waiter服务员；doctor，journalist和author是同一类型的人，故选B。A.the wayB.thatC.the timeD.what解析：语法题。根据句子结构，很容易排除B和D；“the way”与“the time”相比，“the way”更适合；同时也和“the people who administer it”相呼应。因此，选A。A.out ofB.toC.fromD.o
35、ff解析：词义辨析题。out of由于，从；to到，向；from来自；off离开。句意为：移民官有权阻止访问者离岸进入该国。故选D。A.honorB.forceC.rightD.authority解析：词义辨析题。right权利；honor荣誉，荣耀；force力量，武力；authority权威。have the right to do sth.(有做某事的权利)也是常用搭配。故选C。A.forB.inC.toD.by解析：惯用法题。appeal to(上诉)是固定搭配。A.choiceB.selectionC.varietyD.option解析：惯用法题。have no choice but
36、 to do(别无选择，只能)是固定搭配。A.confusedB.awedC.stunnedD.amazed解析：词义辨析题。confused困惑的，迷惑的；awed充满敬畏的，畏怯的；stunned使震惊的；amazed惊奇的，吃惊的。因为移民者面对新的国家会感到很陌生，所以对于很多事情都感到迷惑和困惑，故选A，其他都不恰当。A.injectB.objectC.projectD.reject解析：词义辨析题。inject注射，投入；object反对，拒绝(不及物动词)；project发射；reject拒绝(及物动词)。根据词义，很明显排除A和C；因为后面有宾语“them”，因此排除B，选D。
37、A.self-evidentB.apparentC.declaredD.clear-cut解析：词义辨析题。self-evident不言而喻的，不言自明的；declared公然的，声明的；clear-cut清晰的，轮廓鲜明的；apparent明显的。同时for no apparent reason(没有明显原因)是固定搭配。故选B。A.roadB.wallC.fenceD.fiver解析：惯用法题。on the fence(抱观望态度，保持中立)是固定搭配，其他都不符合。A.injusticeB.justiceC.benefitD.fruit解析：词义辨析题。injustice不公正，不公平；
38、justice正义，公正；benefit利益，好处；fruit水果，产物。这里讲的是负责移民的官员对移民者的不公平，选A。At a time when the world is short of causes for celebration, here is a candidate: within the next few months women will cross the 50% threshold and become the majority of the American workforce. Women already 21 the majority of university
39、graduates in the OECD countries and the majority of 22 workers in several rich countries, including the United States. Women 23 many of the worlds great companies, from Pepsico in America to Areva in France. Womens 24 empowerment is arguably the biggest social change of our times. Just a generation
40、ago, women were 25 confined to repetitive, humble jobs. They were routinely 26 to casual sexism and were expected to 27 their careers when they married and had children. Today they are running some of the organizations that once treated them 28 second-class citizens. Millions of women have been give
41、n more control over their own lives. 29 millions of brains have been put to more productive use. Societies that try to 30 this trendmost notably the Arab countries, but also Japan and some southern European countrieswill pay a heavy price in the form of wasted talent and frustrated citizens. This re
42、volution has been 31 with only a modicum of friction. Men have, 32 , welcomed womens invasion of the workplace, 33 even the most positive changes can be incomplete or unsatisfactory. This particular advance comes with two stings. The first is that women are still 34 at the top of companies. Only 2%
43、of the bosses of Americas largest companies and 5% of their 35 in Britain are women. They are also paid significantly less than men 36 average. The second is that juggling work and child-rearing is difficult. Middle-class couples routinely 37 that they have too little time for their children. But th
44、e biggest losers are poor children 38 in places like America and Britain that have 39 high levels of female 40 in the labor force with a reluctance to spend public money on child care.（分数：30.00）A.make fromB.make ofC.make upD.make of解析：惯用法。make up由组成；占有(一定的比例)。make up the majority占大多数。A.professionalB
45、.responsibleC.skillfulD.special解析：词义辨析题。句意：经合组织国家里的女大学毕业生以及包括美国在内的几个发达国家里的女性专业工作人员，都已经占了大多数。professional workers表示“专业人员”，其他选项也符合语法要求，但与句意不符。A.ownB.runC.possessD.love解析：词义辨析题。像美国的百事可乐公司和法国的阿海珐能源公司，都是由女领导来经营管理的，而不是被她们拥有或是热爱。故选run，表示“经营；管理”。A.politicalB.culturalC.economicalD.economic解析：词义辨析题。上句提到很多大型公司都是由女性来经营，这说明的是女性的经济参与能力大大提升，而不是说政治或文化层面。故选D项。economical为干扰项，表示“节约的；合算的”，不符合句意。A.largelyB.whollyC.partlyD.specially解析：词义辨析题。largely很大程度上；主要地。wholly全部地。partly部分地。specially特殊地。此处意思是“上一代的女性，从事的还大都是重复性的粗活”，故选A项。A.aimedB.subjectedC.prohibitedD.linked解析：惯用法。be subjected to表示“受到控制和统治”。句意为：大概三十年前，女性受
