1、专业八级分类模拟 194 及答案解析(总分：100.10，做题时间：90 分钟)一、READING COMPREHENSIO(总题数：1，分数：100.00)Section A Multiple-Choice Questions In this section there are several passages by fourteen multiple choice questions. For each multiple choice qutestion, there are four suggested answers marked A. B, C and D. Choose the o
2、ne that you think is the best answer and mark your answers on ANSWER SHEET TWO. PASSAGE ONE Last week oil prices finally stopped rising. They now hover around $43 a barrel, a 20-year high. The average American family will spend about $2,700 on gasoline this year (driving 22,000 miles). That“s twice
3、as much as it spent on gas two years ago. These prices are having a predictable consequence. The consumer price index has risen by 4.9 percent to date, versus 1.9 percent last year. And last week President Bush“s economic adviser, Gregory Mankiw, acknowledged that a $10 rise in the price of oil prob
4、ably translates into a half-percentage-point drag on economic growth. For countries like Japan, China and India, the effect is even greater. How did this happen? And can Washingtonor anybodydo much about it? The answer that flashed on our television screens is instability in the Middle East. Pipelin
5、e explosions in Iraq, tensions with Iran and terror attacks in Saudi Arabia all contribute to what analysts call the “security premium“ on the price of oil. But that premium might be exaggerated. Oil prices are rising for broader, structural reasons. The world may have to get used to expensive oil.
6、The largest ingredient in current oil prices has been a massive increase in demand. This year“s growth is double what it has been for the past six years (on average). That“s because the United States is in recovery, Japan“s economy is finally back and Asiaparticularly China and Indiais growing fast.
7、 In fact, this year is likely to have the strongest global growth on record in three decadesunless oil prices choke it off. While demand is up, supply can“t rise much. For a variety of reasons, almost no oil-producing country has “surplus capacity“the ability to put substantially more oil into tile
8、market. Oil companies have been slow to increase investments in production, and these expenditures take a few years to bear fruit. “Right now oil markets are tighter than they were on the eve of the 1973 oil shocks. And they will stay tight for the next two years. That makes the geopolitics of oil c
9、rucial,“ says Daniel Yergin, the chairman of Cambridge Energy Research Associates. If there is trouble anywhere, it will probably cause an oil shock. And think of the possibilitiesinstability in Venezuela, Nigeria, Indonesia, Libya, Saudi Arabia or, of course, Iraq. Last year the markets could absor
10、b the loss of Iraqi oil (during the war). This year they can“t. Iraq has to stay online. And all these other countries have to stay stable. There is only one country with significant surplus capacitySaudi Arabia. Saudi Arabia has increased its production repeatedly over the past two years, or else p
11、rices would be higher still than they are. And the Saudis are making investments that will increase their surplus capacity by the end of the year. In a tight oil market, Saudi Arabia is the pivotal player. Consider the irony. One of the Bush administrations (privately stated) reasons for going to wa
12、r in Iraq was to reduce our dependence on Saudi Arabia“s oil power. It was a reasonable idea. But having botched the occupation, with Iraqi oil more insecure now than before the war, America is today more dependent on Saudi Arabia than ever before. Fortunately the Saudi regime has proved a responsib
13、le and reliable player, in this realm. “The Saudis are the central bankers of the world of oil. And they take that role seriously,“ says Yergin. What to do about this new reality? George Bush proposes to increase U. S. production in Alaska. John Kerry calls for increased conservation. Bush is correc
14、t to argue that some increase in American production is important. In 1973, the United States imported one third of its oil from abroad. Today it imports two thirds. And exploration does not have to be ecologically devastating. Even if the major oilfields that are assumed to exist there were discove
15、red in the Arctic National Wildlife Refuge, only a few thousand acres of the 19 million-acre refuge would be affected. But the more lasting solution to America“s oil problem has to come from energy efficiency. American demand is the gorilla fueling high oil pricesmore than instability or the rise of
16、 China or anything else. Between 1990 and 2000, the global trade in oil increased by 9.5 billion barrels. Half of that was accounted for the rise in U. S. imports. America is consuming more because it is growing morebut also because over the past two decades, it has become much less efficient in its
17、 use of gasoline, the only major industrial country to slide backward. The reason is simple: three lettersSUV. In 1990 sport utility vehicles made up 5 percent of America“s cars. Today they make up 55 percent. They violate all energy-efficiency standards because of an absurd loophole in the law that
18、 allows them to be classified as trucks. Bashing the Saudis is easy these days. Controlling our own wastefulness is more difficult. But making no mistake as to which one will make a difference. PASSAGE TWO The most important thing now is for Democrats not to panic. Despite what your gut is telling y
19、ou, this is not the end of the world. The republic survived one run of the George lefties will say he was too inside-the-Beltway to energize the angry, disillusioned masses; and the increasingly unbalanced Ralph Nader will declare him another loathsome Republicrat slave to corporate America. This so
20、rt of infighting may feel cathartic, but it is dangerously counterproductive, serving largely to confirm Republicans“ claims that Democrats lack the core values necessary to run the country. Besides, Kerry“s problem wasn“t his policies; it was his personality. The guy was simply too cerebral, too eq
21、uivocating and too out of touch with Middle America to wrest enough purple-state voters from even a seriously tarnished Bush. Sure, his Vietnam medals were pretty, but no Democrat who attended Swiss boarding school, hails from Massachusetts and raves about his love of French skiers had a snowball“s
22、chance of unseating good ole W. So we ran an unlikable candidate, and we lost. There“s no reason to go nuts and launch a civil war over whether to embrace A1 Sharpton or Zell (Mad Dog) Miller as our ideological guru for 2008. However we opt to handle our grief, Kerry supporters need to“ pull themsel
23、ves together on Inauguration Daybecause if you thought the past four years have been scary, just imagine the policy atrocities to be attempted by a Bush White House freed from the concerns of re-election. With George the numerous ambulance transfers, MRI brain scans, X-rays and assorted tests associ
24、ated with any serious injury or illness were all-inclusive. In fact, the only supplement was （分数：100.10）(1).The following are the reasons why Saudi Arabia plays an important role in the oil market except -|_|-.(PASSAGE ONE)（分数：4.55）A.It has significant surplus capacity.B.It will increase its investm
25、ents in production.C.It helps regulate the oil market.D.There is an oil shock in the world.(2).The following might be the solutions to America“s oil problem except -|_|-.(PASSAGE ONE)（分数：4.55）A.to criticize the Saudis for raising oil prices.B.to increase conservation.C.to increase energy efficiency.
26、D.to increase US production in Alaska.(3).What can be inferred from the passage?(PASSAGE ONE)（分数：4.55）A.The oil price will fall when peace is restored in the Middle East.B.The oil price is unlikely to fall down.C.Increased production in Alaska will help the oil price down.D.The oil price would not r
27、ise if America did not go to war in Iraq.(4).According to the passage, which of the following is the reason why the Democrats are so disappointed at the election result?(PASSAGE TWO)（分数：4.55）A.They failed to send President Bush into early retirement.B.The votes for John Kerry and George Bush were so
28、 close.C.They have to face the next four years with Bush as President.D.John Kerry was defeated.(5).According to the passage, the Democrats should do the following except -|_|-.(PASSAGE TWO)（分数：4.55）A.They should move to another country.B.They should stop accusing each other of the defeat.C.They sho
29、uld work harder for a Democratic victory next time.D.They should reconcile with their Republican friends and colleagues.(6).Which of the following is NOT the reason for Kerry“s defeat?(PASSAGE TWO)（分数：4.55）A.His personality.B.His Vietnam medals.C.His principles of action.D.His relationship with Midd
30、le America.(7).Which of the following concerning the French medical system is NOT true according to the author?(PASSAGE THREE)（分数：4.55）A.The hospital provides good and cheap food.B.The hospital provides excellent treatment to patients.C.The management system is simple and efficient.D.The one-page in
31、voice is not as clear as an itemized statement.(8).Which of the following concerning American health-care system is NOT true?(PASSAGE THREE)（分数：4.55）A.It is complex.B.It often does not work.C.Treatment bills are not without mistakes.D.One third of the author“s money went to administration.(9).The ma
32、in purpose of the passage is to -|_|-.(PASSAGE THREE)（分数：4.55）A.complain about American health-care system.B.appeal for a change in American health-care system.C.criticize the system for the high administration costs.D.tell the reader about the author“s experiences in the whole process.(10).Accordin
33、g to the author, that does “superparents“ mean?(PASSAGE FOUR)（分数：4.55）A.They are super parents.B.They are strict with their children“s academic performance.C.They care too much and have done too much for their children.D.This is what most parents have learnt to be parents.(11).What“s the major reaso
34、n for the overparenting according to the writer?(PASSAGE FOUR)（分数：4.55）A.Children are becoming exceptionally fragile now.B.Many parents wait longer to have children and there are fewer children.C.Many mothers are better educated.D.B and C(12).What does the trip analogy suggest?(PASSAGE FOUR)（分数：4.55
35、）A.These mothers are doing more than what is necessary.B.These parents care too much about the childrenC.This may cause delayed growth of the children.D.Parents may bring the same work ethic to parenting as they once did to their careers.(13).Among the following which one is not the negative consequ
36、ence according to the passage?(PASSAGE FOUR)（分数：4.55）A.The kids are emotionally fragile and they can“t stand on their own.B.They don“t know how to make sound decisions.C.They aren“t equipped to deal with failure and frustration.D.They are lucky to have their parents around.(14).What is the author“s
37、attitude towards how to bring up children?(PASSAGE FOUR)（分数：4.55）A.In our society now, a child“s success in school has become emblematic of your success as a parent.B.Parents should read more articles about children rearing.C.Parents should love their children as what they are not what they want the
38、m to be.D.Parents should be free of anxiety, and their children can take care of themselves.(15).Section B Short Answer Questions In this section there are eight short answer questions based on the passages in Section A. Answer each question in NO more than 10 words in the space provided on ANSWER S
39、HEET TWO. According to the passage, what is the reason for the rise of the oil price?(PASSAGE ONE)（分数：4.55）(16).According to the passage, what is the consequence of the US going to war in Iraq?(PASSAGE ONE)（分数：4.55）(17).According to the passage, what does “Ire“ in Paragraph 5 mean?(PASSAGE TWO)（分数：4
40、.55）(18).What is the main purpose of the passage?(PASSAGE TWO)（分数：4.55）(19).What does “Odyssey“ in Paragraph 1 mean?(PASSAGE THREE)（分数：4.55）(20).What is the author“s attitude towards American health-care system?(PASSAGE THREE)（分数：4.55）(21).What does the trip analogy suggest?(PASSAGE FOUR)（分数：4.55）(2
41、2).What is the nature of this passage, expository or something else?(PASSAGE FOUR)（分数：4.55）专业八级分类模拟 194 答案解析(总分：100.10，做题时间：90 分钟)一、READING COMPREHENSIO(总题数：1，分数：100.00)Section A Multiple-Choice Questions In this section there are several passages by fourteen multiple choice questions. For each mult
42、iple choice qutestion, there are four suggested answers marked A. B, C and D. Choose the one that you think is the best answer and mark your answers on ANSWER SHEET TWO. PASSAGE ONE Last week oil prices finally stopped rising. They now hover around $43 a barrel, a 20-year high. The average American
43、family will spend about $2,700 on gasoline this year (driving 22,000 miles). That“s twice as much as it spent on gas two years ago. These prices are having a predictable consequence. The consumer price index has risen by 4.9 percent to date, versus 1.9 percent last year. And last week President Bush
44、“s economic adviser, Gregory Mankiw, acknowledged that a $10 rise in the price of oil probably translates into a half-percentage-point drag on economic growth. For countries like Japan, China and India, the effect is even greater. How did this happen? And can Washingtonor anybodydo much about it? Th
45、e answer that flashed on our television screens is instability in the Middle East. Pipeline explosions in Iraq, tensions with Iran and terror attacks in Saudi Arabia all contribute to what analysts call the “security premium“ on the price of oil. But that premium might be exaggerated. Oil prices are
46、 rising for broader, structural reasons. The world may have to get used to expensive oil. The largest ingredient in current oil prices has been a massive increase in demand. This year“s growth is double what it has been for the past six years (on average). That“s because the United States is in reco
47、very, Japan“s economy is finally back and Asiaparticularly China and Indiais growing fast. In fact, this year is likely to have the strongest global growth on record in three decadesunless oil prices choke it off. While demand is up, supply can“t rise much. For a variety of reasons, almost no oil-pr
48、oducing country has “surplus capacity“the ability to put substantially more oil into tile market. Oil companies have been slow to increase investments in production, and these expenditures take a few years to bear fruit. “Right now oil markets are tighter than they were on the eve of the 1973 oil sh
49、ocks. And they will stay tight for the next two years. That makes the geopolitics of oil crucial,“ says Daniel Yergin, the chairman of Cambridge Energy Research Associates. If there is trouble anywhere, it will probably cause an oil shock. And think of the possibilitiesinstability in Venezuela, Nigeria, Indonesia, Libya, Saudi Arabia or, of course, Iraq. Last year the markets could absorb the loss of Iraqi oil (during the war). This year they can“t. Iraq has to stay online. And all these other countries have to stay
