1、专业八级-554 及答案解析(总分：100.00，做题时间：90 分钟)一、PART LISTENING COM(总题数：0，分数：0.00)二、SECTION A(总题数：1，分数：10.00)填空项 1:_填空项 1:_填空项 1:_填空项 1:_填空项 1:_填空项 1:_填空项 1:_填空项 1:_填空项 1:_填空项 1:_三、SECTION B(总题数：1，分数：5.00)(1).In 1900, the worlds use of paper was about _ for each person in a year.（分数：1.00）A.50 kilogramsB.1 kilo
2、gramC.5 kilogramsD.15 kilograms(2).Chinese paper was made from（分数：1.00）A.the hair-like parts of certain plants.B.the wood of trees.C.the skin of certain young animals.D.the stem of tall plants.(3).Who found out that paper could be made from trees?（分数：1.00）A.An Englishman.B.A Canadian man.C.A Swedish
3、 man.D.A German.(4).Now _ makes the best paper in the world.（分数：1.00）A.NorwayB.USAC.CanadaD.Finland(5).Some people in Finland wear paper boots in the snow in winter because（分数：1.00）A.they are waterproof.B.nothing could be warmer.C.they are convenient.D.they are durable.四、SECTION C(总题数：4，分数：5.00)1.Qu
4、estion 10 is based on the following news. How many parachutists were killed in the crash?（分数：1.00）A.5.B.44.C.39.D.49.2.Question 9 is based on the following news. What is the aim of the meeting held by EU foreign ministers in Brussels?（分数：1.00）A.To urge Serbia to continue its European course.B.To dis
5、cuss the upcoming elections in Serbia.C.To discuss the issue of Kosovo.D.To determine the border between Serbia and Kosovo.Questions 7 and 8 are based on the following news. （分数：2.00）(1).What happened shortly after the explosion?（分数：1.00）A.Shops on the street closed down.B.People were fleeing the ci
6、ty.C.Shooting broke out.D.Assembly meeting was immediately held.(2).People protested against（分数：1.00）A.the detention of Mr. Wudato Santallo.B.the fraud elections.C.the rising of taxes.D.the police brutality.3.Where did the explosion take place?（分数：1.00）A.At a wedding hall.B.At a petrol station.C.In
7、a downtown shopping center.D.Near the Turkish Health Ministry.五、PART READING COMPR(总题数：0，分数：0.00)六、TEXT A(总题数：1，分数：5.00)For Americas colleges, January is a month of reckoning. Most applications for the next academic year beginning in the autumn have to be made by the end of December, so a university
8、s popularity is put to an objective standard: how many people want to attend. One of the more unlikely offices to have been flooded with mail is that of the City University of New York (CUNY), a public college that lacks, among other things, a famous sports team, pastoral campuses and boisterous par
9、ties (it doesnt even have dorms), and, until recently, academic credibility. A primary draw at CUNY is a programmer for particularly clever students, launched in 2001. Some 1, 100 of the 60,000 students at CUNYs five top schools receive a rare thing in the costly world of American colleges: free edu
10、cation. Those accepted by CUNYs honors programmer pay no tuition fees; instead they receive a stipend of $7, 500 (to help with general expenses) and a laptop computer. Applications for early admissions into next years programme are up 70%. Admission has nothing to do with being an athlete, or a chil
11、d of an alunmus, or having an influential sponsor, or being a member of a particularly aggrieved ethnic groupcriteria that are increasingly important at Americas elite colleges. Most of the students who apply to the honours programme come from relatively poor families, many of them immigrant ones. A
12、ll that CUNY demands is that these students be diligent and clever. Last year, the average standardised test score of this group was in the top 7% in the country. Among the rest of CUNYs students averages are lower, but they are now just breaking into the top third (compared with the bottom third in
13、 1997). CUNY does not appear alongside Harvard and Stanford on lists of Americas top colleges, but its recent transformation offers a neat parable of meritocracy revisited.Until the 1960s, a good case could be made that the best deal in American tertiary education was to be found not in Cambridge or
14、 Palo Alto, but in Harlem, at a small public school called City College, the core of CUNY. Americas first free municipal university, founded in 1847, offered its services to everyone bright enough to meet its grueling standards. Citys golden era came in the last century, when Americas best known col
15、leges restricted the number of Jewish students they would admit at exactly the time when New York was teeming with the bright children of poor Jewish immigrants. In 193354 City produced nine future Nobel laureates, including the 2005 winner for economics, Robert Aumann (who graduated in 1950). What
16、went wrong? Put simply, City dropped its standards. It was partly to do with demography, partly to do with earnest muddle headedness. In the 1960s, universities across the country faced intense pressure to admit more minority students. Although City was open to all races, only a small number of blac
17、k and Hispanic students passed the strict tests (including a future secretary of state, Colin Powell). That, critics decided, could not be squared with Citys mission to “serve all the citizens of New York“. At first the standards were tweaked, but this was not enough, and in 1969 massive student pro
18、tests shut down Citys campus for two weeks. Faced with upheaval, City scrapped its admissions standards altogether. By 1970, almost any student who graduated from New Yorks high schools could attend. The quality of education collapsed. At first, with no barrier to entry, enrolment climbed, but in 19
19、76 the city of New York, which was then in effect bankrupt, forced CUNY to impose tuition fees. An era of free education was over, and a university which had once served such a distinct purpose joined the muddle of Americas lower-end education. By 1997, seven out of ten first-year students in the CU
20、NY system were failing at least one remedial test in reading, writing or moths ( meaning that they had not learnt it to high-school standard). A report commissioned by the city in 1999 concluded that “Central to CUNYs historic mission is a commitment to provide broad access, but its students high dr
21、op-out rates and low graduation rates raise the question: Access to what?/（分数：5.00）(1).Which of the following statements about the City University of New York is CORRECT?（分数：1.00）A.It has started to enjoy a high academic position.B.The students often have get-togethers.C.Its campuses are small and c
22、rowded.D.In terms of sports, it is mediocre.(2).The difference between CUNY and Americas elite colleges lies in（分数：1.00）A.tuition fees.B.admission standards.C.application procedures.D.honor programs.(3).The word “gruelling“(Last line, Para.5)probably means（分数：1.00）A.strict.B.specified.C.human-based.
23、D.practical.(4).It can be inferred that City went downhill in the 1960s partly because（分数：1.00）A.there were serious racial discriminations at that time.B.the population growth demanded more access to education.C.the authorities made educational policies on impulse.D.other Americas elite universities
24、 envied its achievements.(5).The paragraph that follows the text is probably about（分数：1.00）A.CUNYs reforms.B.CUNYs fate.C.CUNYs commitment.D.CUNYs mission.七、TEXT B(总题数：1，分数：5.00)Charley Foley calls into the Mater Misericordia Hospital to visit his wife. “How are you feeling?“ he asks, sitting at the
25、 bedside, close to Dolly who is smiling up at him, her black hair resting against the white pillows. “Im fine,“ Dolly says, quietly. She looks old and tired to Charley; she is deathly pale and has black pouches under her eyes. When she slips her fingers into Charleys he notices two ugly brown liver
26、spots on the back of her small hand. “You look tired,“ Charley says. “ Arent you sleeping?“ “I was a bit restless last night. “ Dolly does not mention the pain: she doesnt want to upset her husband. “Any word from Linda?“ she asks. “She phoned again last night. I told her you were grand. I said ther
27、e was nothing to worry about. “ Linda, their eldest, teaches in a university in Galway. Linda will come home for the holiday in August. Their son, Colin, and his children live in Australia. Cohn hasnt been told that his mother is unwell. Colms a worrier: its best hes not upset. Charley gazes dreamil
28、y across the chattering hospital ward, bright with pale afternoon sunlight. Other visitors are doing their duties, gathering around the sick, bringing flowers and fruit, offering words of hope and comfort. “ Have you seen the doctor again?“ Charley asks his wife. “Tomorrow maybe. “ “Any idea how lon
29、g theyll keep you in?“ Dolly turns away and coughs into a tissue, then settles back. She takes Charleys hand again. “Theyll let me know on Monday. They have to do lots more tests. They wont let me home until they know. Im song to be such a bother. “ Dollys small chest heaves under her heavy nightdre
30、ss. Charley thinks of a frightened bird. Sweet Dolores Delarosa he used to call her long ago when they were courting, mocking her sorrowful eyes and the way she took everything too seriously. He cant help wondering if she made herself sick with worry. Poor Dolly Delarosa! “Dont let them budge you un
31、til youre absolutely better,“ he says. “Are you managing all right, darling?“ “Grand. “ Charley is eating out and staying away from the house as much as possible. Hes managing all right. The minutes pass in heated tedium. Charley is watching the visitors and glancing at the small alarm clock beside
32、his wifes bed. He can hear its distant ticking and still recall the irritating ring when it dragged his wife from bed at the crack of dawn and moments later her breakfast sounds clattering in the kitchen keeping him awake, reminding him that theres a days work ahead and children to be schooled and f
33、ed. The kids are all grown up now. Second grandchild is imminent. Time is running out. A grey face in the shaving reinor reminds Charley of middle age and the rot ahead. Wheres the point in having money if you cant enjoy it? Why cant clocks take their time? Whats the hurry? AhGod have mercy! Dolly D
34、olorosa. How different might it have been without her? Dollys eyelids droop. Her mouth opens a fraction. She looks almost dead. Moments pass slowly. “This must be very boring for you,“ she says, without opening her eyes. “Not at all. It does me good to see you. “ “Its not nice having to visit anybod
35、y in hospital. Its so depressing. “ “Nonsense. “ Dolly settles her dark head further back against the white pillows. Grimaces for an instant then braves a smile. “You should leave now, Charley. I think I might sleep for a while. “ “Are you sure?“ “Positive. “ Charley bounces to his feet. “Ill come i
36、n later,“ he says. “Please dont. With it being Saturday the wards will be crammed with people. Leave it till the morning. Come after Mass. “ “Is that what you want?“It is, darling. “ Doily opens her eyes, smiles like a child. Its been a long time since Dolly was a child. “You look tired, darling,“ s
37、he says. “Arent you sleeping?“ “I was a bit restless last night. “ “Try to take things easy. “ Dolly squeezes her husbands hand; presses her ringed finger against his gold wedding ring. Her fingers are light as feathers. “Off you go, darling,“ she says. “Try to not worry. “ Charley bends and kisses
38、Dollys hot forehead. “Ill see you tomorrow,“ he says. Dollys eyes close. Her fingers slip from his. Charley walks along a polished corridor and finds the exit. Outside in the bright ear park he locates his car and sits inside. He glances around at the visitors coming and going. Nurses walk past, rem
39、inding him of butterflies.（分数：5.00）(1).The underlined word “heaves“ in Paragraph 15 probably means（分数：1.00）A.is from left to right.B.aches all over.C.moves up and down.D.goes down.(2).Which of the following adjectives does not describe Dolly?（分数：1.00）A.Fatigued.B.Decent.C.Anguished.D.Grave.(3).Which
40、 of the following statements about Charley is INCORRECT?（分数：1.00）A.He is accustomed to his life.B.He doesnt cook at home.C.He is delighted to stay in hospital.D.His wife is in love with him.(4).The text suggests that（分数：1.00）A.Dolly is quite attached to her husband.B.the couple has spoilt their chil
41、dren.C.Dolly fell sick due to malnutrition.D.Charley is proud of his family.(5).What is the main idea of the passage?（分数：1.00）A.A man visits his wife in hospital.B.A man recalls his past life with his wife.C.A man comforts his sick wife.D.A man brings hope to his sick wife.八、TEXT C(总题数：1，分数：5.00)The
42、 past few years have been busy ones for human-rights organisations. In prosecuting the so-called war on terror, many governments in Western countries where freedoms seemed secure have been tempted to nibble away at them. Just as well, you might suppose, that doughty campaigners such as Amnesty Inter
43、national exist to leap to the defense. Yet Amnesty no longer makes the splash it used to in the rich world. This is not for want of speaking out. The organization is as vocal as it ever was. But some years ago it decided to follow intellectual fashion and dilute a traditional focus on political righ
44、ts by mixing in a new category of what people now call social and economic rights. Rights being good things, you might suppose that the more of them you campaign for the better. Why not add pressing social and economic concerns to stuffy old political rights such as free speech, free elections and d
45、ue process of law? What use is a vote if you are starving? Are not access to jobs, housing, health care and food basic rights too? No: few rights are truly universal, and letting them multiply weakens them. Food, jobs and housing are certainly necessities. But no useful purpose is served by calling
46、them “rights“. When a government locks someone up without a fair trial, the victim, perpetrator and remedy are pretty clear. This clarity seldom applies to social and economic “rights“. It is hard enough to determine whether such a right has been infringed, let alone who should provide a remedy, or
47、how. Who should be educated in which subjects for how long at what cost in taxpayers money is a political question Best settled at the ballot Box. So is how much to spend on what kind of health care. And no economic system known to man guarantees a proper job for everyone all the time: even the Sovi
48、et Unions much-boasted full employment was based on the principle “they pretend to pay us and we pretend to work“.It is hardly an accident that the countries keenest to use the language of social and economic rights tend to be those that show least respect for rights of the traditional sort. The rul
49、ers of some countries habitually depict campaigns concentrating on individual freedoms as a conspiracy by the rich northern hemisphere to do down poor countries. It is mightily convenient, if you deprive your citizens of political liberties, to portray these as a bourgeois luxury. And it could not be further from the truth. For people in the poo
