1、专业八级-103 (1)及答案解析(总分：92.01，做题时间：90 分钟)一、BPART LISTENIN(总题数：0，分数：0.00)二、BSECTION A/B(总题数：1，分数：10.00)BBoard of directors/B is a group of people responsible to govern an organization by setting strategic direction, establishing policies and goals, and holding the chief executive officer U U 1 /U /UA bo
2、ard of directors of a different naturecan be U U 2 /U /Uby the chiefexecutive officer. BManagement,/B by traditional definition, covers fourgeneral functions:e. planningf. organizing resourcesg. leading h) U U 3 /U /UTo most employees, the term “management“ means a groups of people who are U U 4 /U
3、/Ubut writers, teachers, and practitioners think that management should mean people who can demonstrate U U 5 /U /Uskills. BExecutives/B are people in top levels of management, butCan head up any business regardless of the U U 6 /U /Uand profitability of the business. BManagers/B in large corporatio
4、ns operate at threedifferent levels:a. top managersb. middle managersc. first-line managersWithin the same level there are different types ofmanagers, so a manager in charge of sales can bereferred to as a U U 7 /U /Umanager. Supervisors oversee the work of those who aretheir U U 8 /U /Usubordinates
5、. BWork directors/B are different from supervisors inthat they U U 9 /U /Uthe work of their ubordinates.BLeaders/B are mainly concerned with the U U 10 /U /Uof an organization. （分数：10.00）填空项 1:_填空项 1:_填空项 1:_填空项 1:_填空项 1:_填空项 1:_填空项 1:_填空项 1:_填空项 1:_填空项 1:_三、BSECTION B/B(总题数：1，分数：5.00)（分数：5.00）(1).W
6、hat was Chinese paper made from in ancient times? A. Hardwood. B. Softwood. C. Roots of plants. D. Hair-like parts of certain plants.（分数：1.00）A.B.C.D.(2).In ancient Egypt, paper was made from the _ of tall aquatic plants. A. roots B. stems C. leaves D. flowers（分数：1.00）A.B.C.D.(3).Today, which countr
7、y has the biggest paper industry in the world? A. Canada. B. Norway. C. Finland. D. the United States.（分数：1.00）A.B.C.D.(4).Some people wear paper clothes and shoes because they are _. A. cheap B. fashionable C. recyclable D. cold-proof（分数：1.00）A.B.C.D.(5).Which of the following cannot be made in pap
8、er for the present time? A. Cars. B. Houses. C. Raincoats. D. Boats.（分数：1.00）A.B.C.D.四、BSECTION C/B(总题数：2，分数：4.00)（分数：2.00）(1).What might happen in the accident on Monday? A. An Egyptian was probably killed by the warning shots. B. Three boats all received two sets of wanting shots. C. All the small
9、 boats stopped immediately at the warning. D. No one died on one of the Egyptian small boats.（分数：1.00）A.B.C.D.(2).The Egyptian boat continued to approach the American ship probably because A. the Egyptians thought it was OK to approach military vessels. B. the ship was a civilian vessel and caused m
10、isunderstanding. C. the Egyptians did not understand the words of warning. D. no warning flare was fired by the U.S. navy on the ship.（分数：1.00）A.B.C.D.（分数：2.00）(1).Most of the thirty-thousand people were_ about Mr. Sarkozys victory. A. nervous B. worried C. optimistic D. pessimistic（分数：1.00）A.B.C.D.
11、(2).Mr. Sarkozy won percent of the vote, which gave him a comfortable majority over his opponent. A. 35 B.53 C. 63 D.51（分数：1.00）A.B.C.D.五、BPART READING (总题数：0，分数：0.00)六、BTEXT A/B(总题数：1，分数：4.00)The ivory-billed woodpecker, if you haven t heard, is no longer extinct. In late spring, a group of 17 rese
12、archers announced in the online version of Science that they had spotted at least one member of this majestic species living in the cypress and tupelo swamps of eastern Arkansas. Once found everywhere in Southern hardwood forests, the ivory-billed woodpecker tumbled in population after the turn of t
13、he century, the victim of avid collectors and logging. It had last been seen in 1944, reduced to what Tim Gallagher, author of “The Grail Bird: Hot on the Trail of the Ivory-Billed Woodpecker,“ calls “a symbol of everything that has gone wrong with our relationship to the environment.“The Grail Bird
14、“ is the story of this remarkable rediscovery, told by one of the chief rediscoverers. The editor of Living Bird magazine, Gallagher began the book several years ago with milder ambitions. The plan was to interview anyone who had seen the bird - or thought he or she had. Soon, though, he was swept i
15、nto a web of tantalizing rumors and half-clues, propelled by the possibility that a living ivory-bill might yet be found. “If someonecould prove that this remarkable species still exists, it would be the most hopeful event imaginable: we would have one final chance to get it right, to save this bird
16、 and the bottomland swamp forests it needs to urvive.“ Hope was a thing with a three-foot wingspan.“The Grail Bird“ is less an ecological study than a portrait of human obsession; if not for the outcome, it could as easily be a book about the hunt for Bigfoot. Gallagher stakes out swamps teeming wit
17、h alligators and cottonmouths. He sifts through shady evidence, from fuzzy Instamatic photographs to bags of bark shavings - peeled, possibly, by the ivory-billed woodpecker in its search for beetle grubs. He suffers bloodied feet and an infected knee. His closest companion, Bobby Ray Harrison, a wi
18、ldlife photographer and an arts professor at Oakwood College, dresses in full camouflage gear and canoes with a camcorder attached to his helmet. Sasquatch chasers,“ Gallagher s wife calls them. Yet for all the shenanigans, his book is an insightful look at what most biological fieldwork involves: a
19、 lot of sweating, sitting and waiting for ghosts to - maybe - make themselves real.As tales go, “The Grail Bird“ isnt the most stylishly told. Gallagher lets his characters talk at too-great length, and the incidental details are sometimes overly incidental. (“After pigging out on bad burgers, we go
20、t a room at a cheap motel and quickly fell into a deep, exhausted sleep with lots of snoring.“) But most readers probably won t mind. As some rivers are to be enjoyed not for the quality of the water but for the quality of the stones to be found therein, so it is with some books. Gallagher presents
21、a series of lively characters: Fielding Lewis, a former Louisiana state boxing commissioner who in 1971 took two fuzzy photographs of the wood pecker that were subsequently - and perhaps mistakenly - discredited; an anonymous “woodpecker whisperer“ who claims to have a telepathic connection to the b
22、irds, even a thousand miles away. (One group of searchers failed, they were told, because they were noisily scaring off the bird.)Oddly missing from this recounting is any extended focus on the ivory-billed woodpecker itself. Granted, the bird has been invisible for decades, a presence notable large
23、ly for its absence. Still, the book might have given us the animal s history in more detail - something to convey the visceral appeal of this “grail.“ Without that, the quest - though triumphant - at times feels hollow, and the fulfillment of the author s obsession veers perilously close to sounding
24、 like an end in itself.（分数：4.00）(1).According to the text, the ivory-billed woodpecker _. A. is extinct since the year of 1994 B. was found by a group of 17 researchers through the internet C. is called “Grail Bird“ because it is hallowed to the degree of holiness D. is so famous that it has become
25、a symbol of the spoiled relationship between human beings and nature（分数：0.80）A.B.C.D.(2).By saying that the book of “Grail Bird“ could “easily be a book about the hunt for Bigfoot“, the author means that _. A. the book is merely about the hunt for impossible things B. if the bird had not been discov
26、ered by the researchers, the book would have been like all the books about Bigfoot - only legends, no facts and truths C. the hunt for the ivory-billed woodpecker enjoys similarity to the hunt for Bigfoot, because both of them are rare animals D. the book is about the human obsession of finding lege
27、ndary animals and about their guilty conscience facing nature（分数：0.80）A.B.C.D.(3).Concerning the style of the book, it is revealed in the text that _. A. it is a normal book of discovering trip, with no particular style B. it is stylish in its narration and the characters are vivid C. its style is n
28、ot so perfect especially concerning the trivial talks of the characters and the too incidental details D. readers do not like the trivial style of this book（分数：0.80）A.B.C.D.(4).Which of the following statements is NOT true? A. Fielding Lewis has taken two pictures of the bird, but it was too fuzzy a
29、nd he was mistakenly discredited. B. The author believes that the woodpecker-whisperer do have a telepathic connection to the birds. C. The quality of the book may not so perfect in itself, but there is still something to be cherished and reflected on. D. There is much sweating, sitting and waiting
30、before the completion of the book.（分数：0.80）A.B.C.D.(5).From this article, we may draw the conclusion that A. The focus on the bird is an important yet missing characteristic, and without it even the successful discovery will seem hollow B. It is not the bird but the human efforts that attract a lot
31、of readers attention C. The article argues that the book is with great content and great focus D. Although the book is not stylish, readers still find interesting things in its characterization and extended history of the bird（分数：0.80）A.B.C.D.七、BTEXT B/B(总题数：1，分数：4.00)Americans often try to say thin
32、gs as quickly as possible, so for some expressions we use the first letters of the words instead of saying each word. Many common expressions or long names are shortened this way.BYOB is a short way of saying “bring your own bottle“. The letters BYOB are often found at the bottom of a written invita
33、tion to a simple social event or gathering friends. For example, I decide to have a party on a Sunday afternoon. I might write a note saying, “Please come to the party, and BYOB.“ The bottle each person brings is what that person wants to drink at the party.An invitation to a special event, such as
34、a wedding, would never say BYOB. However, an invitation to an official or very special event often has other letters at the bottom of it. The letters are RSVP. The letters represent the French expression “repondez sil vous plait“. In English, the words mean “Respond if it pleases you“. Americans use
35、 the letters as a short-way to say please answer this invitation.Another expression ASAP is often heard in business offices. My boss might say she wants something done ASAP. It means as soon as possible. She als0 might tell me she wants something done by COB. That means she wants it finished by clos
36、e of business, or the end of the workday.Beginning letters often are used to represent the name of a university. A famous one is MIT. It is short for the Massachusetts Institute of Technology. Another major university is UCLA, almost no one ever says its real name, the University of California at Lo
37、s Angeles. That takes too long.Some American businesses are better known for the beginning letters of their name than for their complete names. For example, you may not have heard of the company called International Business Machines, but you probably have heard of the company by its short name IBM.
38、 And the American Telephone and Telegraph Company is much better known as AT. it crept into the sleeves of his coat. When he came to the public-house at Chapel Bridge he went in and ordered a hot punch.The proprietor served him obsequiously but did not venture to talk. There were five or six working
39、-men in the shop discussing the value of a gentlemans estate in County Kildare. They drank at intervals from their huge pint tumblers, and smoked, spitting often on the floor and sometimes dragging the sawdust over their heavy boots. Mr Duffy sat on his stool and gazed at them, without seeing or hea
40、ring them. After a while they went out and he called for another punch. He sat a long time over it. The shop was very quiet. The proprietor sprawled on the counter reading the newspaper and yawning. Now and again a tram was heard swishing along the lonely road outside.As he sat there, living over hi
41、s life with her and evoking alternately the two images on which he now conceived her, he realized that she was dead, that she had ceased to exist, that she had become a memory. He began to feel ill at ease. He asked himself what else could he have done. He could not have lived with her openly. He ha
42、d done what seemed to him best. How was he to blame? Now that she was gone he understood how lonely her life must have been, sitting night after night alone in that room. His life would be lonely too until he, too, died, ceased to exist, became a memory-if anyone remembered him.（分数：3.00）(1).Mr Duffy
43、s immediate reaction to the report of the womans death was that of_. A. disgust B. guilt C. grief D. compassion（分数：0.75）A.B.C.D.(2).It can be inferred from the passage that the reporter wrote about the womans death in a_ manner. A. detailed B. provocative C. discreet D. sensational（分数：0.75）A.B.C.D.(
44、3).We can infer from the last paragraph that Mr Duffy was in a(n)_ mood. A. angry B. fretful C. irritable D. remorseful（分数：0.75）A.B.C.D.(4).According to the passage, which of the following statements is NOT true? A. Mr Duffy once confided in the woman. B. Mr Duffy felt an intense sense of shame. C.
45、The woman wanted to end the relationship. D. They became estranged probably after a quarrel.（分数：0.75）A.B.C.D.九、BTEXT D/B(总题数：1，分数：5.00)(1) In trying to understand and control youth gangs, investigators and scholars have assembled what amounts to anthropological studies of gang characteristics. Polic
46、e files record everything from the face that the Crips in Los Angeles wear blue while rival Bloods wear red to intricate details of the Satanic rituals and grave desecrations committed by white gangs known as “atones“ or “heavy metalers.“ These and other rituals make it clear that youth gangs ate fa
47、t more than mere social clubs or business organizations-they are highly developed Bsubcultures./B(2) The key determinant of gangs culture is the neighborhood, known bu blacks and Hispanic gangs members as “the hood.“ Hispanic gangs, especially, identify strong with their “barrios,“ swatches of land often sandwiched between freeways and railroad tracks in which the same gang might have lived and fought for several generations.(3) The nature of the hood can make a difference in how police approach gang crime. Hispanic gangs that sel
