1、职称英语综合类 C 级-70 及答案解析(总分：100.00，做题时间：90 分钟)一、第 1 部分：词汇选项(总题数：15，分数：15.00)1.Not all member states abided by the principle they had agreed on previously.（分数：1.00）A.adhered toB.abandonedC.appliedD.adopted2.The advertising company was surprised by the adverse public reaction to the poster.（分数：1.00）A.dela
2、yedB.quickC.positiveD.unfavorable3.The curious look from the strangers around her made her feel uneasy .（分数：1.00）A.difficultB.worriedC.anxiousD.unhappy4.He was banned from attending the meeting.（分数：1.00）A.listedB.forbiddenC.handledD.investigated5.The proposal provoked widespread criticism.（分数：1.00）A
3、.demandedB.elicitedC.extractedD.defied6.Please let me know if you are unable to attend the meeting.（分数：1.00）A.go toB.prepare forC.speak toD.do to7.The little girl grasped her mother“s arm as she crossed the street.（分数：1.00）A.understoodB.had a hold overC.took hold ofD.left hold of8.Many residents of
4、the apartment complexes object to noisy neighbors.（分数：1.00）A.managersB.occupantsC.landlordsD.caretakers9.You will be meeting her presently .（分数：1.00）A.shortlyB.certainlyC.latelyD.probably10.The reason for their unusual behavior remains a puzzle .（分数：1.00）A.factB.mysteryC.statementD.game11.I have bee
5、n trying to quit smoking.（分数：1.00）A.give upB.pick upC.build upD.take up12.Techniques to employ the energy of the sun are being developed.（分数：1.00）A.convertB.storeC.useD.receive13.She is a highly successful teacher.（分数：1.00）A.generallyB.ratherC.veryD.moderately14.That guy is intelligent but a bit dul
6、l .（分数：1.00）A.strangeB.specialC.quietD.boring15.We should not sacrifice environmental protections to foster economic growth.（分数：1.00）A.reduceB.promoteC.realizeD.give二、第 2 部分：阅读判断(总题数：1，分数：7.00)The Science of PersuasionIf leadership consists of getting things clone through others, then persuasion is
7、one of the leader“s essential tools. Many executives have assumed that this tool is beyond their grasp, available only to the charismatic (有魅力的) and the eloquent. Over the past several decades, though, experimental psychologists have learned which methods reliably lead people to concede, comply, or
8、change. Their research shows that persuasion is governed by several principles that can be taught and applied. The first principle is that people are more likely to follow someone who is similar to them than someone who is not. Wise managers, then, ask peers to help make their cases. Second, people
9、are more willing to cooperate with those who are not only like them but who like them, as well. So it“s worth the time to uncover real similarities and offer genuine praise. Third, experiments confirm the intuitive truth that people tend to treat you the way you treat them. It“s sound policy to do a
10、 favor before seeking one. Fourth, individuals are more likely to keep promises they make voluntarily and clearly. The message for managers here is to get commitments in writing. Fifth, studies show that people really do defer to (服从) experts. So before they attempt to exert influence, executives sh
11、ould take pains to establish their own expertise and not assume that it“s self-evident. Finally, people want more of a commodity when it“s scarce; it follows, then, that exclusive information is more persuasive than widely available data.（分数：7.00）(1).Experiments have confirmed the assumption of many
12、 executives.（分数：1.00）A.RightB.WrongC.Not mentioned(2).People are more likely to cooperate with those who like them.（分数：1.00）A.RightB.WrongC.Not mentioned(3).Managers do not employ those who are quite different from them.（分数：1.00）A.RightB.WrongC.Not mentioned(4).There is no need for a manager to find
13、 out the similarities of his employees.（分数：1.00）A.RightB.WrongC.Not mentioned(5).Experiments have shown that, contrary to our expectation, people tend to treat you the way you treat them.（分数：1.00）A.RightB.WrongC.Not mentioned(6).There are as many wise managers as there are stupid ones.（分数：1.00）A.Rig
14、htB.WrongC.Not mentioned(7).Exclusive information is more persuasive than widely known data.（分数：1.00）A.RightB.WrongC.Not mentioned三、第 3 部分：概括大意与完成句子(总题数：1，分数：8.00)Ceasing to Wear Ties1 It“s useless. It“s dirty. It spreads disease. That“s why the British Medical Association in the U.K. recently calle
15、d for hospital doctors to stop wearing ties. 2 That leads to another question. Why does anyone wear a tie? Ties serve no purpose. They do not cover any part of your body and keep you warm. They always seem to get covered in food stains. Perhaps that is the purpose of the tie. It lets everyone know w
16、hat you just ate. 3 Ties have an odd history. Soldiers from Croatia, in Eastern Europe, served as mercenaries (雇佣军) in various conflicts in the 17th century. They were identified by brightly colored pieces of silk worn around the neck. Known as cravats (围巾), these became a popular fashion item in Fr
17、ance and eventually evolved into the tie. 4 It“s an interesting story, but it doesn“t tell us why men want to put useless pieces of cloth or silk around their necks. The answer seems to be about identification (身份证明). In the 19th-century Britain, ties were used by universities, military regiments (团
18、), sports clubs, schools and gentleman“s clubs. Each tie was in a particular set of colors which identified the wearer as a member of that organization. Wearing ties was also the mark of Britain“s most powerful classes. That made the tie itself a symbol of power and respect. And that led it to be ad
19、opted by a much larger classthe business class. 5 You cannot wear a tie if you work with machinery. So wearing a tie became a sign that you were a man who used his brain to make a living, rather than his hands. It showed you were serious. It showed you were a professional. It meant that everyone who
20、 wanted a job in business had to wear one. It was just impossible to take seriously a man who did not wear a piece of colored silk around his neck. This is how millions of people came to wear ties across the world. 6 Is there a future for ties? The signs are not promising. Many political leaders, in
21、cluding British Prime Minister Tony Blair, now go without ties.（分数：8.00）(1).Paragraph 2 1 A. Origin of the tie B. British ties C. Uselessness of the tie D. Old-fashioned ties E. Role of the tie F. Signs of a tieless era（分数：1.00）(2).Paragraph 3 1（分数：1.00）(3).Paragraph 4 1（分数：1.00）(4).Paragraph 6 1（分数
22、：1.00）(5).The British Medical Association suggested that 1. A. they were workmen B. they were members of different organizations C. hospital doctors stop wearing ties D. who does not always wear a tie E. who served as mercenaries in many conflicts in the 17th century F. who does not want to live lik
23、e a king（分数：1.00）(6).Ties were first worn by the Croatian soldiers 1.（分数：1.00）(7).People wore different ties in Britain in the 19th century to show that 1.（分数：1.00）(8).British Prime Minister Tony Blair is a man 1.（分数：1.00）四、第 4 部分：阅读理解(总题数：0，分数：0.00)五、第一篇(总题数：1，分数：15.00)Shopping for ClothesShopping
24、for clothes is not the same experience for a man as it is for a woman. A man goes shopping because he needs something. His purpose is settled and decided in advance. He knows what he wants, and his objective is to find it and buy it; the price is a secondary consideration. All men simply walk into a
25、 shop and ask the assistant for what they want. If the shop has it in stock, the salesman promptly produces it, and the business of trying it on follows at once. All being well, the deal can be and often is completed in less than five minutes, with hardly any chat and to everyone“s satisfaction. For
26、 a man, slight problems may begin when the shop doesn“t have what he wants. In that case the salesman, as the name implies, tries to sell the customer something else, he offers the nearest he can to the article required. No good salesman brings out such a substitute impolitely; he does so with skill
27、: “I know this jacket is not the style you want, sir, but would you like to try it for size? It happens to be the color you mentioned.“ Few men have patience with this treatment, and the usual response is: “This is the right color and may be the right size, but I should be wasting my time and yours
28、by trying it on.“ Now how does a woman go about buying clothes? In almost every respect she does so in the opposite way. Her shopping is not often based on need. She has never fully made up her mind what she wants, and she is only “having a look round“. She is always open to persuasion; indeed she s
29、ets great store by what the saleswoman tells her, even by what companions tell her. She will try on any number of things. Uppermost in her mind is the thought of finding something that everyone thinks suits her. Contrary to a lot of jokes, most women have an excellent sense of value when they buy cl
30、othes. They are always on the lock-out for the unexpected bargain. Faced with a roomful of dresses, a woman may easily spend an hour going from one rail to another, to and fro, often retracing her steps, before selecting the dresses she wants to try on. It is a laborious process, but apparently an e
31、njoyable one. Most dress shops provide chairs for the waiting husbands.（分数：15.00）(1).According to the passage, when a man is buying clothes, _.（分数：3.00）A.he buys cheap things, regardless of qualityB.he chooses things that others introduceC.he does not mind how much he has to pay for the right things
32、D.he buys good quality things, so long as they are not too dear(2).What does the passage tell us about women shoppers for clothes?（分数：3.00）A.They welcome suggestions from anyone.B.Women rarely consider buying cheap clothes.C.Women often buy things without giving the matter proper thought.D.They list
33、en to advice but never take it.(3).What does a man do when he can not get exactly what he wants?（分数：3.00）A.He buys a similar thing of the color he wants.B.He usually does not buy anything.C.At least two of his requirements must be met before he buys.D.So long as the style is right, he buys the thing
34、.(4).Many jokes make fun of women shoppers by swing that _.（分数：3.00）A.they waste money on inferior (劣质的) goodsB.they should buy only the best clothesC.they are much more sensible than menD.they think of the price of clothes and nothing else(5).What is the most obvious difference between men and wome
35、n shoppers?（分数：3.00）A.The fact that men do not try clothes on in a shop.B.Women bargain for their clothes, but men do not.C.Women stand up to shop, but men sit down.D.The time they take over buying clothes.六、第二篇(总题数：1，分数：15.00)Californiaa Land of Variety and ContrastCalifornia is a land of variety a
36、nd contrast. Almost every type of physical land feature, sort of arctic lee fields and tropical jungles can be found within its borders. Sharply contrasting types of land often lie very close to one another. People living in Bakersfield, for instance, can visit the Pacific Ocean and the coastal plai
37、n, the fertile San Joaquin Valley, the arid Mojave Desert, and the high Sierra Nevada, all within a radius of about 100 miles. In other areas it is possible to go snow skiing in the morning and surfing in the evening of the same day, without having to travel long distance. Contrast abounds in Califo
38、rnia. The highest point in the United States (outside Alaska) is in California, and so is the lowest point (including Alaska). Mount Whitney, 14,494 feet above sea level, is separated from Death Valley, 282 feet below sea level, by a distance of only 100 miles. The two areas have a difference in alt
39、itude of almost three miles. California has deep, clear mountain lakes like Lake Tahoe, the deepest in the country, but it also has shallow, salty desert lakes. It has Lake Tulainyo, 12,020 feet above sea level, and the lowest lake in the country, the Salton Sea, 236 feet below sea level. Some of it
40、s lakes, like Owens Lake in Death Valley, are not lakes at all: they are dried up lake beds. In addition to mountains, lakes, valleys, deserts, and plateaus, California has its Pacific coastline, stretching longer than the coastlines of Oregon and Washington combined.（分数：15.00）(1).Which of the follo
41、wing is NOT mentioned in the passage as being within a radius of about 100 miles of Bakersfield?（分数：3.00）A.San Joaquin Valley.B.The Pacific Ocean.C.Mojave Desert.D.Oregon and Washington.(2).Where is the highest point in the United States located?（分数：3.00）A.Mount Whitney.B.Sierra Nevada.C.Lake Tahoe.
42、D.Alaska.(3).Which of the following is the lowest point in the United States?（分数：3.00）A.The Salton Sea.B.Lake Tulainyo.C.Death Valley.D.Mojave Desert.(4).How far away is Death Valley from Mount Whitney?（分数：3.00）A.14,494 feet.B.Only 100 miles.C.282 feet.D.About 3 miles.(5).Which statement best demons
43、trates that California is a land of variety and contrast?（分数：3.00）A.Owens Lake, in Death Valley, is not really a lake at all.B.The highest lake in California is Lake Tulainyo.C.Sierra Nevada, San Joaquin Valley, Mojave Desert and the Pacific Ocean all lie within a radius of about 100 miles.D.It is p
44、ossible to go surfing and snow skiing in some parts of California without having to travel long distance.七、第三篇(总题数：1，分数：15.00)Lowering the Risk of Heart DiseaseLike millions of other Americans, I come from a family with a history of the heart disease. My father had his first three heart attacks when
45、 he was only thirty-one. I was three years old at that time. I grew up with heart disease. It was there, but I didn“t take it seriously. When I was thirty-one, my blood cholesterol (胆固醇) level was measured for the first time. It was 311 mg/dl, the doctor told mean extremely high level that put me at
46、 a very high risk of heart disease, especially with my family history. He sent me to the National Institutes of Health (NIH) to be screened for participation in a clinical trial. The trial was designed to test the effect of lowering blood cholesterol on the risk of heart disease. At NIH, physicians
47、explained the degree of risk associated with my blood cholesterol level and the nature of the experiment. This test involves putting a tube through a leg artery (动脉) up to the heart. The death rate for the test was only 1 in 100, I was assured. Learning about the risks of the experiment as well as t
48、he risk associated with my raised blood cholesterol level scared the life out of me. Although I was excluded from participating in the study, the experience may well have saved my life. For the first time, I began to realize the seriousness of high blood cholesterol. It was a heart attack just waiti
49、ng to happen. But equally important, I got a taste of what it is like to be a patient, to have tests done on me and to think of myself as sick. This was hard to take. This experience taught me two lifesaving lessons. First, although I felt fit and strong, I was actually at high risk for heart disease because of my high blood cholesterol level. And with my family history, it could not be ignored. Second, I could lower my blood cholesterol level simply by changing what I ate.（分数：15.00）(1).The writer had heart disease because _.（分数：3.00）A.he was hurt when he was youngB.his fathe
