1、职称英语综合类 C级-35 及答案解析(总分：85.00，做题时间：90 分钟)一、第 1部分：词汇选项(总题数：15，分数：15.00)1.Kit Carson, an American frontiersman, was one of the most sensational heroes of the Old West.（分数：1.00）A.excitingB.distractingC.enigmaticD.ostentatious2.Swallows nest in barns, sheds, chunneys and other secluded places.（分数：1.00）A.
2、isolatedB.highC.comfortableD.rural3.In 1860 Andrew Johnson often risked his life by telling crowds of people that secession from the Union would be harmful.（分数：1.00）A.theftB.withdrawalC.educationD.judgement4.Throughout the year 1979, there was a sharply rising rate of inflation in the United States.
3、（分数：1.00）A.grimlyB.steeplyC.constantlyD.roughly5.The community college is the most rapidly growing segment of higher education in the United States.（分数：1.00）A.coreB.ideaC.sectorD.problem6.The city of New Orleans showed its appreciation for Eleanor McMains work in social reform by giving her the Time
4、s-Picayune award for out-standing service in 1920.（分数：1.00）A.demonstratedB.publishedC.repeatedD.postponed7.The most widely seen sculptural work done by Augusta Savage was probably “Lift Every Voice and Sing“, shown at the 1939-1940 New York worlds fair.（分数：1.00）A.viewedB.paintedC.circulatedD.discuss
5、ed8.Penguins do not suffer from the cold in Antarctica because their feathers secrete a protective oil.（分数：1.00）A.hideB.warmC.produceD.absorb9.Trees, shrubs, flowers, and grass give character and interest to the parks.（分数：1.00）A.vinesB.vegetablesC.bushesD.weeds10.In most places, the edges of the con
6、tinents slope gradually before making a sharp drop to the ocean floor.（分数：1.00）A.randomB.suddenC.dangerousD.brief11.Cameras take the sharpest pictures when they are held still.（分数：1.00）A.clearestB.fastestC.most interestingD.most beautiful12.If wool is submerged in hot water, it tends to shrink.（分数：1
7、.00）A.smellB.fadeC.unravelD.contract13.The sensation of a “lump in ones throat “ arises from an increased flow of blood into the tissues of the pharynx and larynx.（分数：1.00）A.explanationB.diseaseC.feelingD.unpleasantness14.Some insects rely on the tiny hairs scattered over their bodies to sense sound
8、 waves.（分数：1.00）A.detectB.amplifyC.sendD.disguise15.Scott seized the opportunity to present his proposal to the director.（分数：1.00）A.realizedB.graspedC.renderedD.delivered二、第 2部分：阅读判断(总题数：1，分数：7.00)Bees and ColourOn our table in the garden we put a blue card, and all around this blue card we put a nu
9、mber of different grey cards. These grey cards are of all possible shades of grey and include white and black. On each card a watch-glass is placed. The watch-glass on the blue card has some syrup(果汁) in it, all the others are empty. After a short time bees find the syrup, and they come for it again
10、 and again. Then, after some hours, we take away the watch-glass of syrup which was on the blue card and put an empty one in its place. Now What do the bees do? They still go straight to the blue card, although there is no syrup there. They do not go to any of the grey cards, in spite of the fact th
11、at one of the grey cards is of exactly the same brightness as the blue card. Thus the bees do not mistake any shade of grey for blue. In this way we have proved that they do really see blue as a colour. We can find out in just the same way what other colours bees can see. It turns out that bees can
12、see various colours, but these insects differ from us as regards their colour-sense in two very interesting ways. Suppose we train bees to come to a red card, and, having done so, we put the red card on the table in the garden among the set of different grey cards. This time we find that the bees mi
13、stake red for clark grey or black. They cannot distinguish between them. This means that red is not a colour at all for bees; for them it is just dark grey or black. That is one strange fact; here is another. A rainbow is red on one edge, violet on the other. Outside the violet of the rainbow there
14、is another colour which we cannot see at all. This colour beyond the violet, invisible to us, is called the ultra-violet. Although it is invisible, we know that the ultra-violet is there because it affects a photographic plate. Now, although we are unable to see ultra-violet light, bees can do so; f
15、or them ultra-violet is a colour. Thus bees see a colour which we cannot even imagine. This has been found out by training bees to come for syrup to various parts of a spectrum, or artificial rainbow, thrown by a prism on a table in a dark room. In such an experiment the insects can be taught to fly
16、 to the ultra-violet, which for us is just darkness.（分数：7.00）(1).The experiment with bees described in the first and second paragraphs tell us that bees regard blue as a colour.（分数：1.00）A.RightB.WrongC.Not mentioned(2).The third paragraph tells us that bees also regard red as a colour.（分数：1.00）A.Rig
17、htB.WrongC.Not mentioned(3).The experiment described in the second paragraph aimed to find out that bees are not able to see grey as a colour.（分数：1.00）A.RightB.WrongC.Not mentioned(4).An artificial rainbow was created for the experiment to see whether bees can recognize the ultra-violet as a colour.
18、（分数：1.00）A.RightB.WrongC.Not mentioned(5).The fourth paragraph tells us that bees may be harmed by ultra-violet light.（分数：1.00）A.RightB.WrongC.Not mentioned(6).We can conclude from the passage that bees recognize colours in the same way as human beings.（分数：1.00）A.RightB.WrongC.Not mentioned(7).Bees
19、are more sensitive to colours than human beings.（分数：1.00）A.RightB.WrongC.Not mentioned三、第 3部分：概括大意与完成句子(总题数：2，分数：8.00)How We Form First Impression1 We all have first impression of someone we just met. But why? Why do we form an opinion about someone without really knowing anything about him or her-a
20、side perhaps from a few remarks or readily observable traits. 2 The answer is related to how your brain allows you to be aware of the world. Your brain is so sensitive in picking up facial traits, even very minor difference in how a persons eyes, ears, nose. or mouth are placed in relation to each o
21、ther makes you see him or her as different. In fact, your brain continuously processes incoming sensory information-the sights and sounds of your world. These incoming “signals“ are compared against a host of “memories“ stored in the brain areas called the cortex system to determine what these new s
22、ignals-mean. 3 If you see someone you know and like at school, your brain says “familiar and safe“. If you see someone new, it says, “new-potentially threatening“. Then your brain starts to match features of this stranger with other “known“ memories. The height, weight, dress, ethnicity, gestures, a
23、nd tone of voice are all matched up. The more unfamiliar the characteristics, the more your brain may say, “This is new. I dont like this person“. Or else, “Im intrigued“. Or your brain may perceive a new face but familiar clothes, ethnicity, gestures-like your other friends; So your brain says: “I
24、like this person“. But these preliminary “impressions“ Can be dead wrong. 4 When we stereotype people, we use a less mature form of thinking (not unlike the immature thinking of a very young child) that makes simplistic and categorical impress of others. Rather than learn about the depth and breadth
25、 of people-their history, interest, values, strengths, and true character-we categorize them as jocks, geeks, or freaks. 5 However. if we resist initial stereotypical impressions, we have a chance to be aware of what a person is truly like. If we spend time with a person, hear about his or her life,
26、 hopes, dreams, and become aware of the persons character, we use a different, more mature style of thinking-and the most complex areas of our cortex, which allow US to be humane. AWays of Departure from Immature and Simplistic Impressions BComment on First Impression CIllustration of First Impressi
27、on DComparing Incoming Sensory Information Against Memories EThreatening Aspect of First Impressions FDifferences Among Jocks, Geeks and Freaks.（分数：4.00）(1).Paragraph 2 _.（分数：1.00）填空项 1:_(2).Paragraph 3 _.（分数：1.00）填空项 1:_(3).Paragraph 4 _.（分数：1.00）填空项 1:_(4).Paragraph 5 _.（分数：1.00）填空项 1:_ Aa strange
28、rs less mature type of thinking Bthe most complex areas of our cortex Cthe immature form of thinking of a very young child Dthe meaning of incoming sensory information Ethe sights and sounds of the world Fan opportunity to analyze different forms of thinking（分数：4.00）(1).Sensory information is one th
29、at is perceived through 1.（分数：1.00）填空项 1:_(2).You interpret 1 by comparing it against the memories already stored in your brain.（分数：1.00）填空项 1:_(3).The way we stereotype people is a less mature form of thinking, which is similar to 1.（分数：1.00）填空项 1:_(4).We can use our more mature style of thinking t
30、hanks to 1.（分数：1.00）填空项 1:_四、第 4部分：阅读理解(总题数：0，分数：0.00)五、第一篇(总题数：1，分数：15.00)A Letter from AlanI have learnt of a plan to build three hundred houses on the land called Parsons Place by the football ground. Few people know about this new plan to increase the size of our town. For me, Parsons Place is s
31、pecial because it is a beautiful natural area where local people can relaxthe small wood has many unusual trees and the stream is popular with fishermen and bird-watchers. Its very quiet because there are few houses or roads nearby. I think that losing this area will be terrible because we have no o
32、ther similar facilities in the neighbourhood. I am also against this plan because it will cause traffic problems. How will the people from the new houses travel to work? The motorway and the railway station are on the other side of town. Therefore, these people will have to drive through the town ce
33、ntre every time they go anywhere. The roads will always be full of traffic, there will be nowhere to park and the tourists who come to see our lovely old buildings will leave. Shops and hotels will lose business. If the town really needs more homes, the empty ground beside the railway station is a m
34、ore suitable place. No doubt the builders will make a lot of money by selling these houses. But, in my opinion, the average person will quickly be made poorer by this plan. As well as this, we will lose a very special place and our town will be much less pleasant. I am going to the local government
35、offices on Monday morning to protest about this plan and I hope that your readers will join me there. We must make them stop this plan before it is too late.（分数：15.00）(1).Why has Alan written this letter?（分数：3.00）A.To encourage more people in the town to use Parsons Place.B.To inform other people ab
36、out the builders plans.C.To persuade the government to build new houses.D.To protest about a new motorway near the town.(2).Why is Parsons Place particularly important, in Alans opinion?（分数：3.00）A.Because local people can get there easily by car from the town.B.Because lots of people live near it.C.
37、Because it is near the football ground.D.Because it is a place near the town where people can enjoy nature.(3).What will cause traffic jams?（分数：3.00）A.Building near the railway station.B.A building on Parsons Place.C.Tourists in the narrow streets.D.People going to the shops and hotels.(4).Alan says
38、 that ordinary people who live in the town will probably soon _.（分数：3.00）A.choose to live near the stationB.be able to buy new homesC.open new shops and hotelsD.have less money(5).Which of these posters has Alan made?（分数：3.00）A.Save our sports groundB.Say no to house on parsons placeC.Use the train
39、not the roadD.We need homes not hotels六、第二篇(总题数：1，分数：15.00)Department StoreA mainstay of retailing in the United States is the department store, a large-scale retailing instituting that has a very broad and deep product assortment(分类), tires not to compete on the basis of price, and provides a wide
40、array or customer services. Traditional department stores offer a greater variety of merchandise and services than does any other type of retail store. They feature both“soft goods“ such as apparel, sheets, towels, and bedding (寝具)and “hard goods“ including furniture, appliances, and consumer electr
41、onics. Department stores also attract and satisfyconsumers by offering many customer services. The combination of destinctive, appealing merchandise and numerous customer services is designed to allow the stores to maintain the manufacturerssuggested retail prices. That is, department stores strive
42、to charge“ full“ or “nondiscounted“ (不打折扣的) prices. Department stores face mounting problems, however, Largely due to their prime locations and customer services, their operation expenses are considerably higher than those of most other kinds of retail business. Many manufacturersbrands that used to
43、 be available exclusively thorough department stores are now widely distributed and often carry discounted prices in other outlets. And the quality of personal service, especially knowledgeable sales help, has deteriorated in some department stores. Intense horizontal competition is also hurting dep
44、artment stores. Other types of retailers are aiming at consumers who have long supported department stores. Speciality stores, off-price retailers, and even some discount houses have been particularly aggressive in trying to lure shoppers sway from department stores. To varying degrees retail chains
45、 compete against department stores. Consequently, many department stores have modified their target markets or elements of their marketing mixes. The May Department Stores Company has targeted middle-income consumers, rejecting high-priced European designer lines and instead concentrating on fashion
46、able apparel with moderate prices. Penneys dropped three lines of hard goodshome electronics, sporting goods, and photographic equipment. Penneys, Wards, and Sears are all converting their very large stores into a collection of limited-me “superstores“. Some department stores are also trying to be m
47、ore price-competitive. Most notably, in 1989 Sears abandoned its practice of promoting temporarily reduced prices and adopted a strategy of “everyday low prices“. With this policy, prices will always be lower than or as low as competitors.（分数：15.00）(1).In traditional department store customers can f
48、ind _.（分数：3.00）A.all kinds of servicesB.all kinds of merchandiseC.household electrical appliancesD.only clothes and bedding(2).According to the third paragraph, how many problems does department stores face?（分数：3.00）A.Only two.B.Only one.C.Only three.D.Only four.(3).In this passage, “horizontal comp
49、etition“ refers to _.（分数：3.00）A.competition between department stores and other kinds of retailing businessB.relying on discount retailing and advertising extensivelyC.competition between different department storesD.competition between different retail chains(4).The measures taken by department stores include all of the following except _.（分数：3.00）A.reducing original
