1、职称英语综合类 A 级-9 及答案解析(总分：100.00，做题时间：90 分钟)一、B第 1 部分：词汇选项/B(总题数：15，分数：15.00)1.A lot of people could fall iii after drinking contaminated water.（分数：1.00）A.muddledB.pollutedC.mixedD.troubled2.Mary has blended the ingredients.（分数：1.00）A.mixedB.madeC.cookedD.eaten3.The room is dim and quiet.（分数：1.00）A.tin
2、yB.pleasantC.darkD.agreeable4.She stood there, trembling with fear.（分数：1.00）A.jumpingB.cryingC.swayingD.shaking5.A notably short man, he plays basketball with his staff several times a week.（分数：1.00）A.practicallyB.considerablyC.remarkablyD.completely6.They agreed to modify their policy.（分数：1.00）A.cl
3、arifyB.changeC.defineD.develop7.The index is the governments chief gauge of future economic activity.（分数：1.00）A.measureB.opinionC.evaluationD.decision8.You have to be patient if you want to sustain your position.（分数：1.00）A.maintainB.establishC.acquireD.support9.It is absurd to predict that the sun w
4、ill not rise tomorrow.（分数：1.00）A.ridiculousB.funnyC.oddD.foolish10.The economy continued to exhibit signs of decline in September.（分数：1.00）A.playB.sendC.showD.tell11.Medical facilities are being upgraded.（分数：1.00）A.renewedB.repairedC.improvedD.increased12.Its prudent to start any exercise program gr
5、adually at first.（分数：1.00）A.workableB.sensibleC.possibleD.feasible13.The dentist has decided to extract her bad tooth.（分数：1.00）A.take outB.repairC.push inD.dig14.He is renowned for his skill.（分数：1.00）A.rememberedB.recommendedC.praisedD.well-known15.Mary looked pale and weary.（分数：1.00）A.gloomyB.uglyC
6、.sillyD.exhausted二、B第 2 部分：阅读判断/B(总题数：1，分数：7.00)阅读下面这篇短文，短文后列出了 7 个句子，请根据短文的内容对每个句子做出判断。如果该句提供的是正确信息，请选 A；如果该句提供的是错误信息，请选 B；如果该句的信息文章中没有提及，请选 C。B Winners and Losers/BWhy are the biggest winners in the past decade of trade globalization mostly in South and East Asia, whereas the biggest losers are mo
7、stly in the former Soviet bloc (集团) and sub-Saharan Africa? History is a partial guide: East Asia has a long trading tradition, lately reinvigorated (给以新的活力) by the Chinese adoption of market economics. The Soviet Union, on the other hand, was sheltered from free-market forces for more than 70 years
8、. In Africa, some countries are disadvantaged because of inadequate infrastructure (基础结构); many countries have little to trade but commodities, the prices of which have fallen in recent years.In some regions, certain countries have suffered by adopting misguided policies, often under pressure from I
9、nternational Monetary Fund. First among these is Russia, which in the early 1990s tried to embrace capitalism before first building the institutions that make capitalism work, such as an independent bank system, a system of business law, and an adequate method for collecting taxes. Encouraged by the
10、 4MF, the World Bank and the U.S. Department of the Treasury, President Boris Yeltsins regime privatized the state-owned industrial sector, creating a class of oligarchs (寡头政治集团成员 ), who, knowing how unstable conditions were at home, sent their money abroad instead of investing it at home.In contras
11、t, China, the biggest winner from globalization, did not follow the IMF formula. Of the former states of the Soviet bloc, only a few, notably Poland and Hungary, managed to grew, which they did by ignoring IMF advice and adopting expansionary plans, including spending more than they collected in tax
12、es. Botswana and Uganda are also success stories: despite their disadvantages, their countries achieved vigorous growth by creating stable civil societies, liberalizing trade and implementing reforms that ran counter to IMF prescriptions.（分数：7.00）(1).Japan has a long trading tradition.（分数：1.00）A.A.
13、Right B.B. Wrong C.C. Not mentioned(2).Russia was wrongly guided by the IMF.（分数：1.00）A.A. Right B.B. Wrong C.C. Not mentioned(3).All African countries followed the IMF formula.（分数：1.00）A.A. Right B.B. Wrong C.C. Not mentioned(4).The Soviet Union was a capitalist country.（分数：1.00）A.A. Right B.B. Wron
14、g C.C. Not mentioned(5).Australia is one of the biggest winners from globalization.（分数：1.00）A.A. Right B.B. Wrong C.C. Not mentioned(6).China did not take IMF advice.（分数：1.00）A.A. Right B.B. Wrong C.C. Not mentioned(7).Many high officials in Russia have much benefited from privatization.（分数：1.00）A.A
15、. Right B.B. Wrong C.C. Not mentioned三、B第 3 部分：概括大意与完成句子(总题数：1，分数：8.00)阅读下面这篇短文，短文后有 2 项测试任务：(1)第 2326 题要求从所给的 6 个选项中为第 25 段每段选择 1 个正确的小标题：(2)第 2730 题要求从所给的 6 个选项中选择 4 个正确选项，分别完成每个句子。B Stanford University/B1 Stanford University, famous as one of northern Californias several institutions of higher le
16、arning, is sometimes called “the Harvard of the West.“ The closeness of Stanford to San Francisco, a city thirty-two miles to the north, gives the university a decidedly cosmopolitan (世界性的) flavor.2 The students are enrolled mainly from the western United States. But most of the fifty states send st
17、udents to Stanford, and many foreign students study here, as well. And standards for admission remain high. Young men and women are selected to enter the university from the upper fifteen percent of their high school classes.3 Not only because of the high caliber (素质) of its students but also becaus
18、e of the desirable location and climate, Stanford has attracted to its faculty some of the worlds most respected scholars. The university staff has included many Nobel prize winners such as Dr. Felix Bloch, Dr. Robert Hofstadter, and Dr. William Shockley in physics, Dr. Author Kornberg and Dr. Joshu
19、a Lederberg in medicine, and Dr. Paul J. Flory and Dr. Linus Pauling in chemistry. The Russian novelist Aleksandr Solzhenistsyn has been in residence. Stanfords undergraduate school of engineering and its graduate schools of business, law, and medicine are especially well-regarded.4 What is student
20、life like on “The Farm“? Culturally, the campus is a magnet for both students and citizens of nearby communities. Plays, concerts, and operas are performed in the universitys several auditoriums and in its outdoor theater, where graduations are also held. Several film series are presented during the
21、 school year. Guest lecturers from public and academic life frequently appear on campus. In the evenings, many students gather to socialize in the Student Unions coffee house; here the beverages (饮料) and the atmosphere both have a decidedly European flavor. For the sports-minded, the Stanford campus
22、 offers highly developed athletic facilities. Team sports, swimming, and track and field activity are all very much part or the Stanford picture. So are bicycling and jogging.5 In addition to financial support from alumni (校友), Stanford receives grants from the government and from private philanthro
23、pic (慈善的) foundations. In recent years, government grants have made possible advanced studies in the fields of history, psychology, education, and atomic energy. At present Stanford is carrying out an ambitious building program, financed in part by the Ford Foundations 25 million grant. Recently add
24、ed to the campus are a new physics building, new school of business, new graduate school of law, new student union, and undergraduate library.（分数：8.00）(1).Paragraph 2_A. Colorful Life on Campus（分数：1.00）填空项 1:_(2).Paragraph 3_（分数：1.00）填空项 1:_(3).Paragraph 4_（分数：1.00）填空项 1:_(4).Paragraph 5_（分数：1.00）填空
25、项 1:_(5).Those high school graduates who can enter Stanford University_（分数：1.00）填空项 1:_(6).Many professors like to teach in this university partly because here_（分数：1.00）填空项 1:_(7).On the faculty of the university there are_（分数：1.00）填空项 1:_(8).Financial support from both private organizations and the
26、 government has made possible_（分数：1.00）填空项 1:_四、B第 4 部分：阅读理解/B(总题数：3，分数：45.00)下面有 3 篇短文，每篇短文后有 5 道题，每道题后面有 4 个选项。请根据文章的内容，从每题所给的 4 个选项中选择 1 个最佳答案。B第一篇/BB Technology Transfer in Germany/BWhen it comes to translating basic research into industrial success, few nations can match Germany. Since the 1940
27、s, the nations vast industrial base has been fed with a constant stream of new ideas and expertise from science. And though German prosperity (繁荣) has faltered (衰退) over the past decade because of the huge cost of unifying east and west as well as the global economic decline, it still has an enviabl
28、e record for turning ideas into profit.Much of the reason for that success is the Fraunhofer Society, a network of research institutes that exists solely to solve industrial problems and create sought-after technologies. But today the Fraunhofer institutes have competition. Universities are taking a
29、n ever larger role in technology transfer, and technology parks are springing up all over. These efforts are being complemented by the federal programmes for pumping money into start-up companies.Such a strategy may sound like a recipe for economic success, but it is not without its critics. These p
30、eople worry that favouring applied research will mean neglecting basic Science, eventually starving industry of fresh ideas. If every scientist starts thinking like an entrepreneur(企业家), the argument goes, then the traditional principles of university research being curiosity-driven, free and widely
31、 available will suffer. Others claim that many of the programmes to promote technology transfer are a waste of money because half the small businesses that are promoted are bound to go bankrupt within a few years.While this debate continues, new ideas flow at a steady rate from Germanys research net
32、works, which bear famous names such as Helmholtz, Max Planck and Leibniz. Yet it is the fourth network, the Fraunhofer Society, that plays the greatest role in technology transferFounded in 1949, the Fraunhofer Society is now Europes largest organisation for applied technology, and has 59 institutes
33、 employing 12, 000 people. It continues to grow. Last year, it swallowed up the Heinrich Hertz Institute for Communication Technology in Berlin. Today, there are even Fraunhofers in the US and Asia.（分数：15.00）(1).What factor can be attributed to German prosperity?（分数：3.00）A.Technology transfer.B.Good
34、 management.C.Hard work.D.Fierce competition.(2).Which of the following is NOT true of traditional university research?（分数：3.00）A.It is free.B.It is profit-driven,C.It is widely available.D.It is curiosity-driven.(4).When was the Fraunhofer Society founded?（分数：3.00）A.in 1940.B.Last year.C.After the
35、unification.D.In 1949.(5).The word “expertise“ in line 3 could be best replaced by（分数：3.00）A.“experts“.B.“scientists“.C.“scholars“.D.“special knowledge“.B第二篇/BB Star Quality/BA new anti-cheating system for counting the judges scores in ice skating is flawed, according to leading sports specialists.
36、Ice skatings governing body announced the new rules last week after concerns that a judge at the Winter Olympics may have been unfairly influenced.Initially the judges in the pairs figure-skating event at the Winter Olympics in Salt Lake City voted 5 to 4 to give the gold medal to a Russian pair, ev
37、en though they had a fall during their routine. But the International Skating Union suspended the French judge for failing to reveal that she had been put under pressure to vote for the Russians. The International Olympics Committee then decided to give a second gold to the Canadian runners-up (亚军).
38、The ISU, skatings governing body, now says it intends to change the rules. In future 14 judges will judge each event, but only 7 of their scoresselected at randomwill count.The ISU wont finally approve the new system until it meets in June but already UK Sport, the British Governments sports body, h
39、as expressed reservations. “1 remain to be convinced that the random selection system would offer the guarantees that everyone concerned with ethical sport is looking for“, says Jerry Bingham, UK Sports head of ethics (伦理).A random system can still be manipulated, says Mark Dixon, a specialist on sp
40、orts statistics from the Royal Statistical Society in London. “The score of one or two judges who have been hobbled (受到贿赂) may still be in the seven selected.“Many ether sports that have judges, including diving, gymnastics, and synchronized swimming, have a system that discards the highest and lowe
41、st scores; If a judge was under pressure to favour a particular team, they would tend to give it very high scores and mark down the opposition team, so their scores wouldnt count. It works for diving, says Jeff Cook, a member of the international government bodys technical committee. “If you remove
42、those at the top and bottom youre left with those in the middle, so youre getting a reasonable average.“Since the 2000 Olympics in Sydney, diving has tightened up in its system still further. Two separate panels of judges score different rounds of diving during top competitions. Neither panel knows
43、the scores given by the other. “We have clone this to head off any suggestion of bias,“ says Cook.Bingham urged the ISU to consider other options. “This should involve examining the way in which other sports deal with the problem of adjudicating (裁定) on matter of style and presentation,“ he says.（分数
44、：15.00）(1).Who won the gold medal in the pairs figure-skating event?（分数：3.00）A.The Russian pair.B.The Canadian pair.C.Both the Russian pair and the Canadian pair.D.The French pair.(2).According to the new rules proposed by the ISU, which of the following is right?（分数：3.00）A.The number of judges will
45、 be doubled.B.Only half of the judges will score.C.Only some selected judges will score.D.Only half of the scores will count.(3).What does Jerry Bingham express by saying “I remain to be convinced“?（分数：3.00）A.His anger.B.His criticism.C.His agreement.D.His doubt.(4).The attitude of those concerned i
46、n the UK to the new rules proposed by ISU can be best described as（分数：3.00）A.indifferent.B.reserved.C.enthusiastic.D.positive.(5).Which of the following is NOT true of the scoring system for diving?（分数：3.00）A.It is more biased.B.It is more reasonable.C.It is fairer.D.It is tighter.B第三篇/BB Eat More,
47、Weigh Less, Live Longer/BClever genetic detective work may have found out the reason why a near-starvation diet prolongs the life of many animals.Ronald Kahn at Harvard Medical School in Boston, US, and his colleagues have been able to extend the lifespan (寿命) of mice by 18 per cent by blocking the
48、rodents (啮齿动物) increase of fat in specific cells. This suggests that thinnessand not necessarily dietpromotes long life in “calorie (热量卡) restricted“ animals.“Its very coal work,“ says aging researcher Cynthia Kenyon of the University of California, San Francisco. “These mice eat all they want, lose weight and live longer. Its like heaven.“Calorie restriction .dramatically extends the lifespan of organisms as different as worms and rodents. Whether this works in humans is still unknown, partly because few people are willing to submit to such a strict diet.But many researchers hope they will
