1、职称英语卫生类 C级-42 及答案解析(总分：100.00，做题时间：90 分钟)一、第 1部分：词汇选项(总题数：15，分数：15.00)1.In 1881 Clara Barton founded the American National Red Cross, an organization whose goal is to relieve human suffering. A. joined B. defended C. located D. established（分数：1.00）A.B.C.D.2.The American Medical Association has calle
2、d for the sport of boxing (拳击) to be banned. A. forbidden B. regulated C. studied D. reorganized（分数：1.00）A.B.C.D.3.When required by their parents to eat cabbage and other green vegetables, many children only do so reluctantly. A. initiatively B. impatiently C. unwillingly D. unlikely（分数：1.00）A.B.C.D
3、.4.Pocahontas, a young American Indian princess, assisted the early European settlers in the colony of Virgini a.A. fedB. attractedC. helpedD. liked（分数：1.00）A.B.C.D.5.Lake Erie is linked to Lake Ontario by the Niagara River. A. connected to B. turned into C. emptied into D. diverted to（分数：1.00）A.B.C
4、.D.6.As a composer, pianist, and band leader, Duke Ellington was a key figure in the history of jazz (爵士). A. lonely B. important C. musical D. royal（分数：1.00）A.B.C.D.7.Few disputes between neighbors cannot be settled outside the courtroom. A. conversations B. exchanges C. meetings D. arguments（分数：1.
5、00）A.B.C.D.8.Native Chinese myths and legends (神话传说) often depict the god as a smart and brave hero. A. funny B. friendly C. clever D. suspicious（分数：1.00）A.B.C.D.9.Hundreds of years ago cloves were used to remedy headaches. A. disrupt B. diagnose C. evaporate D. cure（分数：1.00）A.B.C.D.10.Major earthqu
6、akes are among natures most devastating (破坏性的) events, causing an incalculable loss of life and property. A. unmentionable B. unprofitable C. impossible D. immeasurable（分数：1.00）A.B.C.D.11.The famous speech “I Have a Dream“ was delivered by Dr. Martin Luther King in Washington, D. C. in 1963. A. movi
7、ng B. remarkable C. religious D. well-known（分数：1.00）A.B.C.D.12.Some adult dogs may weigh as much as 200 pounds, but most weigh between 20 and 50 pounds. A. mature B. female C. special D. wild（分数：1.00）A.B.C.D.13.Eleanor Roosevelts dedication to humanitarian causes won her affection and honor at home
8、and abroad. A. on the air B. henceforth C. nearby D. in foreign countries（分数：1.00）A.B.C.D.14.Sequoyah created the Cherokee syllabary, an extraordinary achievement that made it possible for the Cherokee to print newspapers in their own language. A. an inevitable B. a remarkable C. a linguistic D. a j
9、ournalistic（分数：1.00）A.B.C.D.15.The goal for each player in the game of chess is to trap the other players king into a position from which escape is impossible. A. skill B. aim C. interest D. trend（分数：1.00）A.B.C.D.二、第 2部分：阅读判断(总题数：1，分数：7.00)Riches and Romance From Frantes Wine HarvestSeptember is har
10、vest time. And with bunches of grapes swinging (摇摆) in the wind, the vineyards of southern France are getting ready to celebrate it.The yearly wine festival is held in honor of Bacchus, the Roman god of wine. Its a fun time with parties, music, dancing, big meals and, of course, lots of wine.French
11、wine-making began more than 2,500 years ago. The worlds oldest type of vine grows in France and always produces a good quality wine. Today France produces one-fifth of the worlds wine, and some of the most famous varieties.The top wine-producing areas are Bordeaux, Burgundy and the Loire Valley. Cha
12、mpagne, a drink used in celebrations, is named after the place where sparkling (有汽泡的) wine was first produced in 1700.Wine is made from the juice of freshly picked grapes. It is the sugars that turn into alcohol. Traditionally, people used to take off their shoes and crush the grapes with their bare
13、 feet to bring out the juice. Nowadays, this practice is usually carried out by machines.Each wine producing region has its own character, based on its type of grapes and soil.The taste of wine changes with time. Until 1850, all French champagne was sweet. Now, both wine and champagne taste slightly
14、 bitter.The drink has always been linked with riches, romance and nobleness. Yet the French think of it in more ordinary terms.They believe it makes daily living easier, less hurried and with fewer problems.“All its links are with times when people are at their best; with relaxation, happiness, long
15、 slow meals and the free flow of ideas,“ wrote wine expert Hugh Johnson.（分数：7.00）(1).All French people celebrate the grape harvest every September.（分数：1.00）A.RightB.WrongC.Not mentioned(2).In the yearly wine festival, people always enjoy themselves.（分数：1.00）A.RightB.WrongC.Not mentioned(3).Wine-maki
16、ng in France has a history of over 2,500 years.（分数：1.00）A.RightB.WrongC.Not mentioned(4).Many varieties of wine produced in France are named after places.（分数：1.00）A.RightB.WrongC.Not mentioned(5).Different regions in France produce different types of wine.（分数：1.00）A.RightB.WrongC.Not mentioned(6).Fr
17、ench wine will taste sour (酸的) in the future.（分数：1.00）A.RightB.WrongC.Not mentioned(7).The French people believe that drinking wine is a good way to relax.（分数：1.00）A.RightB.WrongC.Not mentioned三、第 3部分：概括大意与完成句子(总题数：2，分数：8.00) A. The invention of the fridge B. The pollution caused by fridges C. The w
18、idespread need for fridges D. The days without the fridge E. The waste of energy caused by fridges F. The fridges contribution to commerce（分数：4.00）(1).Paragraph 2 1（分数：1.00）填空项 1:_(2).Paragraph 4 1（分数：1.00）填空项 1:_(3).Paragraph 5 1（分数：1.00）填空项 1:_(4).Paragraph 6 1（分数：1.00）填空项 1:_ A. milk, meat, veget
19、ables, etc. were delivered B. it has promoted the sales of many kinds of commodities C. foods can be preserved D. most kids like iced soft drinks E. every housewife needs food F. the fridge produced when it is working（分数：4.00）(1).Before fridges came into use, it was still possible for people to have
20、 fresh foods because 1.（分数：1.00）填空项 1:_(2).The invention of the fridge has not provided a new, economical way in which 1.（分数：1.00）填空项 1:_(3).An important contribution made by the invention of the fridge is that 1.（分数：1.00）填空项 1:_(4).If you stop using the fridge, at least you wont be troubled by the
21、noise 1.（分数：1.00）填空项 1:_四、第 4部分：阅读理解(总题数：0，分数：0.00)五、第一篇(总题数：1，分数：15.00)Sleepless at NightIt was a normal summer night. Humidity (湿气) hung in the thick air. I couldnt go to sleep, partly because of my cold and partly because of my expectations for the next day. My mum had said that tomorrow was goin
22、g to be a surprise.Sweat stuck to my aching body. Finally, I gathered enough strength to sit up. I looked out of my small window into the night. There was a big bright moon hanging in the sky, giving off a magic light.I couldnt stand the pressure anymore, so I did what I always do to make myself fee
23、l better. I went to the bathroom and picked up my toothbrush and toothpaste. I cleaned my teeth as if there was no tomorrow. Back and forth, up and down.Then I walked downstairs to look for some signs of movement, some life. Gladiator, my cat frightened me as he meowed (喵喵地唱出) his sad song. He was o
24、n the old orange couch (长沙发),sitting up on his front legs, waiting for something to happen. He looked at me as if to show “Im lonely, pet me. I need a good hug (紧抱) .“ Even the couch begged me to sit on it.In one movement I settled down onto the soft couch. This couch represented my parents marriage
25、, my birth, and hundreds of other little events.As I held Gladiator, my heart started beating heavily. My mind was flooded with questions: Whats life? Am I really alive? Are you listening to me? Every time I moved my hand down Gladiators body, I had a new thought; each touch sang a different song.I
26、forgot all about the heat and the next days surprise. The atmosphere was so full of warmth and silence that I sank into its arms. Falling asleep with the big cat in my arms, I felt all my worries slowly move away.（分数：15.00）(1).The author of the passage could not go to sleep partly because _.（分数：3.00
27、）A.it was too coldB.it was too dryC.he had a coldD.he had a fever(2).What was the weather like that night?（分数：3.00）A.It was chilly.B.It was windy.C.It was fine.D.It was cloudy.(3).The author brushed his teeth over and over _.（分数：3.00）A.to relieve himself of the pressureB.to ease his toothacheC.to sh
28、ake off the coldD.to remove the dirt(4).Gladiator was the name of _.（分数：3.00）A.a movieB.a petC.a couchD.a song(5).What did the “couch“ represent?（分数：3.00）A.A new thought.B.Different songs.C.A comfortable life.D.Happy memories.六、第二篇(总题数：1，分数：15.00)Home HeatingCentral heating became popular only after
29、 the Civil War. Typically, coal-burning furnaces (火炉) fueled the early systems. Natural gas had developed into the leading fuel by 1960. Its acceptance resulted in part from its wide uses. Because it comes primarily from U.S. and Canadian fields, natural gas is also less vulnerable (脆弱的) than oil is
30、 to War. Oil remains the most important fuel in a few areas, such as New England.Electric heating dominates most areas with mild winters and cheap electricity, including the South and the Northwest. It was made popular at least in the South by the low cost of adding electric heating to new houses bu
31、ilt with air-conditioning. Bottled gas, which is somewhat more expensive than utility gas, is the fuel of choice in rural areas not served by utility pipelines. Wood is the leading heating fuel in just a few rural counties.Home heating, which accounts for less than 7 percent of all energy consumed i
32、n the U.S., has had a commendable (值得赞扬的) efficiency record: from 1978 to 1997, the amount of fuel consumed for this purpose declined 44 percent despite a 33 percent increase in the number of housing units and an increase in house size. The U.S. Department of Energy, however, forecasts that energy u
33、sed in home heating will rise by 14 percent over the next two decades. That rise is small considering an expected 21 percent increase in the number of houses and the trend toward larger houses.Natural gas and electricity will probably dominate the home heating market for the next two decades. Solar
34、(太阳的) heating never became popular because of cost and limited winter sunlight in most areas; in 2000 only 47,000 homes relied on it.（分数：15.00）(1).Natural gas didnt become the leading fuel until _.（分数：3.00）A.1978B.1960C.1997D.2000(2).What fuel is the dominant fuel in New England?（分数：3.00）A.Gas.B.Ele
35、ctricity.C.Wood.D.Oil.(3).The word “consumed“ in paragraph 3 could be best replaced by _.（分数：3.00）A.usedB.burnedC.deliveredD.pumped(4).According to paragraph 3, energy consumed in home heating over the next two decades will increase by _.（分数：3.00）A.33 percentB.31 percentC.21 percentD.14 percent(5).W
36、hich of the following statements is NOT true, according to the article?（分数：3.00）A.Natural gas comes partly from Canadian fields.B.Bottled gas is more expensive than utility gas.C.Equipment for home heating has been considerably improved.D.Solar heating dominated America in 2000.七、第三篇(总题数：1，分数：15.00)
37、How to Use the Sense of SmellOur sense of smell, which we normally take for granted, is nowadays being increasingly used for purposes which might surprise us if we aware of them. One area in which smells are created to achieve particular results is marketing. For some time manufacturers have taken a
38、dvantage of our sense of smell with regard to household goods. Millions of dollars are spent on product research in the hunt for the right smell as it is believed perfume influnences the way consumers perceive a brand. In a survey in the United States, when people were asked what was the most import
39、ant factor in their choice of detergent (洗衣粉) , smell was rated highly, above ingredients and price.Now stores are becoming even more direct in their use of smell. The smell of fresh bread in a supermarket tends to encourage people to buy, and people selling their houses are recommended to have coff
40、ee being heated when potential buyers arrive. Suddenly smell is becoming big business. One company specializing in the use of smells to attract customers now has many large stores on its own list of customers. They find that when pleasant smells are filtered through a stores air condition system, pe
41、ople tend to spend longer in the store and buy more.Reserch shows that smells can increase peoples view of the value of a product. In a test, people looked at the same types of shoes in two rooms-one filled with purified air, the other with a smell of mixed flowers, of the people preferred the shoes
42、 in the room with the smell of flowers. In fact, many said they would be prepared to pay up to US$10 more for a pair.Smells also have other potential uses. Some companies are experimenting with different smells to produce different effects in their workers according to the time of day. For example,
43、early in the morning they might put the smell of lemon in the air conditioning system to wake people up. In the middle of the morning, when the atmosphere tends to become more tense, the smell of wood could be used to calm people down. Before lunchtime the smell of melting butter would encourage peo
44、ple to go to lunch on time . After lunch, when people often begin to lose concentration, the smell of mint (薄荷) would increase their alertness.（分数：15.00）(1).Which is the most appropriate title for the passage?（分数：3.00）A.How to avoide being affected by smells.B.Using smells to influence people.C.The
45、power of our sense of smell.D.New smells in supermarkets.(2).In the survey, when selecting detergent, people considered smell _.（分数：3.00）A.not importantB.as important as priceC.less important than ingredientsD.more important than price(3).To attract more customers, some large stores _.（分数：3.00）A.emp
46、loy a company specializing in the use of smellsB.provide free coffee for themC.filter purified air through air conditioningD.decorate themselves with fresh flowers(4).The majority of people in the test (Par（分数：3.00）A.3) preferred _.A. the smell of shoes to that of flowersB. the smell of flowers to t
47、hat of shoesC. the shoes in the room with purified airD. the shoes in the room with appealing smells(5).To produce a calming effect, some companies use the smell of _.（分数：3.00）A.lemonB.woodC.melting butterD.mint八、第 5部分：补全对话(总题数：1，分数：10.00)Development in Newspaper OrganizationOne of the most importan
48、t developments in newspaper organization during the first part of the twentieth century 46 , which are known as wire services. Wire-service companies employed reporters, who covered stories all over the world. Their news reports were sent to papers throughout the country by telegraph. The papers pai
49、d an annual fee for this service. Wire services continue (47) . Today the major wire services are the Associated Press (AP) and United Press International (UPI). You will frequently find AP or UPI at the beginning of a news story.Newspaper chains and mergers began to appear in the early 1900s. A chain consists of two or mor
