1、职称英语理工类 C级-19 及答案解析(总分：100.00，做题时间：90 分钟)一、B第 1部分：词汇选项/B(总题数：15，分数：15.00)1.Our new house is on the first floor.（分数：1.00）A.bottomB.thirdC.ground.D.top2.As soon as we crossed the border, enemy troops started firing at our troops.（分数：1.00）A.shootingB.fightingC.strikingD.hitting3.The Commission has also
2、 begun looking into the role of climate.（分数：1.00）A.rollB.roadC.partD.character4.We can not go on quarrelling like this.（分数：1.00）A.chooseB.prepareC.continueD.advice5.Dont be afraid. I am not going to hurt you.（分数：1.00）A.fearB.astonishedC.shockedD.frightened6.After an exchange of gunfire, the terroris
3、t group surrendered at last.（分数：1.00）A.gave offB.gave upC.gave inD.gave away7.Almost everyone at the meeting has different views.（分数：1.00）A.sceneryB.sightsC.understandingsD.opinions8.My mother has lived separately since my father died 20 years ago.（分数：1.00）A.singleB.aloneC.soleD.lonely9.I asked Lily
4、 whether she wanted to go swimming with me and she nodded.（分数：1.00）A.shookB.disagreedC.agreedD.smiled10.As he wanted to watch the tennis final of the Olympic Games, he left a pile of dishes unwashed in the kitchen.（分数：1.00）A.numberB.stackC.groupD.crowd11.It is obvious that it has been too late to ta
5、ke action.（分数：1.00）A.trueB.certainC.saidD.apparent12.I will take up teaching this September.（分数：1.00）A.startB.get offC.captureD.pick up13.Do you fancy going to the Public House?（分数：1.00）A.toiletB.theatreC.department storeD.pub14.The game requires us to find out two simple but effective ways to solve
6、 this problem.（分数：1.00）A.efficientB.cleverC.stupidD.easy15.The Peoples Republic of China was established in 1949.（分数：1.00）A.foundedB.startedC.improvedD.built二、B第 2部分：阅读判断/B(总题数：1，分数：7.00)下面的短文后列出了 7个句子，请根据短文的内容对每个句子作出判断；如果该句提的是正确信息，请选择 A；如果该句提的是错误信息，请选择 B；如果该句的信息文中没有提及，请选择 C。Communication with Custo
7、mers OnlineUntil the late 1940s, when television began finding its way into American homes, companies relied mainly on print and radio to promote their products and services. The advent (出现) of television brought about a revolution in promoting products and services. Between 1949 and 1951 ,advertisi
8、ng on television grew 960 percent. Today the Internet is once again transforming promotion. By going online, companies can communicate instantly and directly with prospective customers. Promotion on the World Wide Web includes advertising, sponsorships and sales promotions like contests and coupons.
9、 In 1996, world wide web advertising revenues reached $ 300 million.Effective online marketers do not merely transfer hard-copy ads(平面广告) to cyberspace. Successful sites blend promotional and non-promotional information, indirectly delivering the advertising messages. To encourage visitors to their
10、sites and to create and cultivate customers loyalty, companies change information frequently and provide many opportunities for interaction.One of the best online promotion web sites is the Ragu Web site. Here visitors can find thirty six pasta recipes, take Italian lessons, and view an Italian film
11、 festival. But they will find no traditional ads. So subtle is the mix of product and promotion that visitors hardly know an advertising message has been delivered. SEGA of America, maker of computer games and hardware, uses its Web site for a variety of different promotions, such as introducing new
12、 game characters to the public and supplying Web surfers the opportunity to down load games. Sega s home page averages 250,000 visitors a day. To heighten interest in the site, SEGA bought an advertising banner on Netscape, thereby increasing site visits by 15 percent. Online participants in Quaker
13、Oats Gatorade promotion received a free T-shirt in exchange for answering a few questions. Quaker Oats reports that the online promotion created product loyalty and helped the company know its customers better.Now, to target specific Internet users, an increasing number of companies are using “push“
14、 technology which automatically delivers customized (按客户要求制造的) news and other information to users computers when they log onto the Internet. Although organizations like Nielsen Media Research are developing technologies to enhance audience measurement and tracking, it remains difficult to assess ho
15、w many times the same person looks at an ad and who that person is. Although online promotions can be glamorous and sophisticated, they are not perfect. For a well-designed marketing mix, industry experts advise companies to use the Internet as a supplement to other advertising media.（分数：7.00）(1).In
16、ternet, like television, has brought great changes to the promotion of products and services.（分数：1.00）A.A. Right B.B. Wrong C.C. Not mentioned(2).In 1996, the Ragu Web site earned 2.5 million dollars from advertisement.（分数：1.00）A.A. Right B.B. Wrong C.C. Not mentioned(3).In order to encourage visito
17、rs, companies always use hard-copy advertisements.（分数：1.00）A.A. Right B.B. Wrong C.C. Not mentioned(4).Netscape is an influential web site which is visited by millions of people.（分数：1.00）A.A. Right B.B. Wrong C.C. Not mentioned(5).Nowadays, with advanced technology, advertisements can be sent to eac
18、h Internet user directly.（分数：1.00）A.A. Right B.B. Wrong C.C. Not mentioned(6).Besides pasta recipes, the Ragu Web also sells 36 kinds of pasta.（分数：1.00）A.A. Right B.B. Wrong C.C. Not mentioned(7).According to experts opinion, online promotion should he replaced by new ways.（分数：1.00）A.A. Right B.B. W
19、rong C.C. Not mentioned三、B第 3部分：概括大意与完成句子(总题数：2，分数：8.00)下面的对文后有 2项测试任务：(1)第 2326 题要求从所给的 6个选项中为第 14 段每段选择 1个最佳标题；(2)第 2730 题要求从所给的 6个选项中为每个句子确定 1个最佳选项。BGeology (地质) and Health/B1. The importance of particular metals in the human diet has been realized within the past few decades, and the idea that g
20、eology might be related to health has been recognized for a number of elements such as iodine(碘), zinc(锌)and selenium(硒). For example, soils with low iodine contents produce crops, and animals deficient in iodine. A lack of iodine in the human diet leads to some serious diseases.2. The ultimate sour
21、ce of metals within the human body is rocks, which weather into soil, gaining or losing some of their chemical constituents. The crops we eat selectively remove from the soil the elements that they require for growth. The water we drink contains trace elements leached (过滤出) from rock and soil. Thus
22、the geology and geochemistry of the environment have effects on the chemistry and health of plants, animals and people.3. So far there is no data to suggest that people living on metal-rich soils experience a potential health hazard. The levels of metals within naturally contaminated soils are gener
23、ally not high enough to cause serious health problems. Living on metal-rich, soils does not represent a health risk unless large quantities of soil are digested or metal-rich dust is inhaled. However, small children are particularly exposed to metal-rich topsoil in playgrounds and gardens. They are
24、also the most likely ones to eat potentially dangerous metal-rich soil.4. Heavy metals are persistent: they do not break down to other chemicals in the environment. Industrially polluted sites usually undergo intensive clean-up and rehabilitation because heavy metals are a health concern once they e
25、nter the food chain. Some trace metals are alleged to cause cancer and are also known to cause poisoning.5. In contrast, naturally contaminated soils have not been subject to risk assessment studies and rehabilitation measures, despite the fact that they frequently possess metal concentrations well
26、above those of such polluted by humans and above environmental quality criteria.6. There is a vital need to understand the potential risks and long-term health effects of living on naturally contaminated soils. Future environmental investigations of naturally polluted soils should concentrate on the
27、 potential pathways of metals into the food chain and human body. Geologists should be part of such studies as they can provide the essential background information on rock and soil chemistry as well as the chemical forms of heavy metal pollution.A. No Evidence to Indicate Bad Effects of Naturally C
28、ontaminated SoilB. Potential Hazards of Human Contaminated SoilsC. Research on Channels of Heavy Metals Getting into Human Food ChainD. Geology and Health ProblemsE. Rocks-the Ultimate Source of soil PollutionF. Long-term Health Effects on Children（分数：4.00）(1).Paragraph 2_（分数：1.00）填空项 1:_(2).Paragra
29、ph 3_（分数：1.00）填空项 1:_(3).Paragraph 4_（分数：1.00）填空项 1:_(4).Paragraph 6_（分数：1.00）填空项 1:_A. industrially polluted soilsB. rock and soil chemistryC. naturally polluted soilsD. the pathways of metals into the foodE. the element of iodineF. the persistence of heavy metals（分数：4.00）(1).Some diseases are conn
30、ected with deficiency of_.（分数：1.00）填空项 1:_(2).It is extremely necessary to study the long-term effects caused by living on_.（分数：1.00）填空项 1:_(3).Geologists are indispensable in the research project on geology and health due to their knowledge on_.（分数：1.00）填空项 1:_(4).Industrially contaminated sites us
31、ually require a thorough clean-up due to_.（分数：1.00）填空项 1:_四、B第 4部分：阅读理解/B(总题数：3，分数：45.00)下面有 3篇短文，每篇短文后有 5道题。请根据短文内容，为每题确定 1个最佳选项。B第一篇/BRadiation EffectSpace is a dangerous place, not only because of meteors (流星)but also because of rays from the sun and other stars. The atmosphere again acts as our
32、protective blanket on earth light, gets through, and this is essential for plants to make the food that we eat. Heat, too, makes our environment endurable. Various kinds of rays come through the air from outer space, but enormous quantities of radiation from the sun are screened off. As soon as men
33、leave the atmosphere they are exposed to this radiation, but their spacesuits or the walls of their spacecrafts, if they are inside, do prevent a lot of radiation damage.Radiation is the greatest known danger to explorers in space. The unit of radiation is called “rem“ (“雷姆”). Scientists have reason
34、 to think that a man can put up with far more radiation than 0.1 rem without being damaged, the figure of 60 reins has been agreed on. The trouble is that it is extremely difficult to be sure about radiation damage-a person may feel perfectly well, but the cells of his or her sex organs may be damag
35、ed ,and this will not be discovered until the birth of deformed(畸形的)children or even grandchildren. Missions of the Apollo flights have had to cross belts of high radiation and, during the outward and return journeys, the Apollo crew accumulated a larger amount of reins. So far, no dangerous amounts
36、 of radiation have been reported, but the Apollo missions have been quite short. We simply do not know yet how men are going to get on when they spend weeks and months outside the protection of the atmosphere, working in a space laboratory. Drugs might help to decrease the damage clone by radiation
37、,but no really effective ones have been found so far.（分数：15.00）(1).According to the first paragraph, the atmosphere is essential to man in that_。（分数：3.00）A.it protects him against the harmful rays from spaceB.it provides sufficient light for plant growthC.it supplies the heat necessary for human sur
38、vivalD.it screens off the falling meteors(2).We know from the passage that_.（分数：3.00）A.exposure to even tiny amounts of radiation is fatalB.the effect of exposure to radiation is slow in comingC.radiation is avoidable in space explorationD.astronauts in spacesuits neednt worry about radiation damage
39、(3).The harm radiation has done to the Apollo crew members_.（分数：3.00）A.is insignificantB.seems overestimatedC.is enormousD.remains unknown(4).It can be inferred from the passage that_.（分数：3.00）A.the Apollo mission was very successfulB.protection from space radiation is no easy jobC.astronauts will h
40、ave deformed children or grandchildrenD.radiation is not a threat to well-protected space explorers(5).The best title for this passage would be_.（分数：3.00）A.The Atmosphere and Our EnvironmentB.Research on RadiationC.Effects of Space RadiationD.Importance of Protection Against RadiationB第二篇/BA Histori
41、cal Development of Oil RefiningAn important new industry, oil refining(炼油) ,grew after the Civil War. Crude oil, or petroleum-a dark, thick ooze from the earth-had been known for hundreds of years. But little use had ever been made of it. In the 1850s, Samuel M. Kier, a manufacturer in western Penns
42、ylvania, began collecting the oil from local seepages (油苗)and refining it into kerosene (煤油), Refining, like smelting(锻造), is a process of removing impurities from a raw material.Kerosene was used to light lamps. It was a cheap substitute for whale oil, which was becoming harder to get. Soon there w
43、as a large demand for kerosene. People began to search for new supplies of petroleum.The first oil well was drilled by E. L. Drake, a retired railroad conductor. In 1859 he began drilling in Titusville, Pennsylvania. The whole venture seemed so impractical and foolish that onlookers called it“ Drake
44、s Folly“. But when he had drilled down about 70 feet(21 meters) ,Drake struck oil; his well began to yield 20 barrels of crude oil a day.News of Drakes success brought oil prospectors (探寻者)to the scene. By the early 1860s these wildcatters (盲目采油者) were drilling for “black gold“ all over western Penn
45、sylvania. The boom rivaled the California gold rush of 1848 in its excitement and Wild West atmosphere. And it brought far more wealth to the prospectors than any gold rush.Crude oil could be refined into many products. For some years kerosene continued to be the principal one, it was sold in grocer
46、y stores and door to door. In the 1880s and 1890s refiners learned how to make other petroleum (石油) products such as waxes (石蜡) and lubricating oils (润滑油). Petroleum was not then used to make gasoline or heating oil.（分数：15.00）(1).What is the main idea of the passage?（分数：3.00）A.Oil refining: a histor
47、ical perspective.B.The California gold rush: get rich quickly.C.Private property: trespassers will be prosecuted.D.Kerosene lamps: a light in the tunnel.(2).It can be inferred from the passage that kerosene was preferable to whale oil because whale oil was too_.（分数：3.00）A.expensiveB.thickC.hotD.poll
48、uted(3).According to the passage, many people initially thought that E. L. Drake had made a mistake by_.（分数：3.00）A.going on a whaling expeditionB.moving to PennsylvaniaC.drilling oilD.retiring from his job(4).The author mentions all of the following as possible products of crude oil EXCEPT_.（分数：3.00
49、）A.waxB.gasolineC.keroseneD.plastic(5).Why does the author mention the California gold rush?（分数：3.00）A.To explain the need for an increased supply of gold.B.To indicate the extent of United States mineral wealth.C.To describe the mood when oil was first discovered.D.To argue that gold was more valuable than oil.B
