1、职称英语卫生类 B 级-43 及答案解析(总分：92.00，做题时间：90 分钟)一、第 1 部分：词汇选项(总题数：15，分数：15.00)1.You should have blended the butter with the sugar thoroughly,A. spread C. beatenB. mixed D. covered（分数：1.00）A.B.C.D.2.His great changes surprised us.A. beat B. sold C. amazed D. conformed（分数：1.00）A.B.C.D.3.Pure feldspar is a co
2、lorless, transparent mineral, but impurities commonly make it opaque and colorful.A. truly B. rapidly C. periodically D. frequently（分数：1.00）A.B.C.D.4.“What do you mean by that”Paul asked sharplyA. criticallyB. helplessyC. politelyD. quickly（分数：1.00）A.B.C.D.5.You dont need to carry large amounts of c
3、ash; actually all financial business will be conducted by computers.A. transmissions B. transitions C. transactions D. transportation（分数：1.00）A.B.C.D.6.It is a pity that you have missed the most important contents.A. lost B. caught C. refused D. rejected（分数：1.00）A.B.C.D.7.We are disappointed to find
4、 out that he has made a fatal mistake.A. crucial B. foolish C. stupid D. important（分数：1.00）A.B.C.D.8.His shoes were shined to perfection.A. cleared B. washed C. polished D. mended（分数：1.00）A.B.C.D.9.During the Second -World War, many Jews escaped to America.A. traveled B. fled C. flew D. ran（分数：1.00）
5、A.B.C.D.10.It is postulated that population trends have an effect on economic fluctuations.A. challenged B. assumed C. deducted D. decreed（分数：1.00）A.B.C.D.11.We should not sacrifice environmental protections to foster economic growth. A. reduce B. promote C. realize D. give（分数：1.00）A.B.C.D.12.An edu
6、cationist should understand childrens psychology very well. A. mind B. heart C. brain D. physics（分数：1.00）A.B.C.D.13.The travelers were ready to enjoy the spectacular tidal waves when suddenly a thick fog came up and obscured the whole scene. A. blurred B. belittled C. banned D. collapsed（分数：1.00）A.B
7、.C.D.14.As he had already been accustomed to living in the countryside, Jackson refused to move to the city.A. used to B. got used to C. been fond to D. preferred（分数：1.00）A.B.C.D.15.What are my chances of promotion if I stay here? A. retirement B. advertisement C. advancement D. replacement（分数：1.00）
8、A.B.C.D.二、第 2 部分：阅读判断(总题数：1，分数：7.00)FoodThe U. S. food supply is the most varied and abundant in the world. Americans spend a smaller share of their disposable income on food than citizens of any other country and choose from an average of 50,000 different food products on a typical outing to the su
9、permarket. In 1994, the fowl supply provided an estimated 3,800 calories per person per day, enough to supply every American with more than one and a half times their average daily energy needs. Given this abundance, few of the Nations resources have traditionally been devoted to measuring or reduci
10、ng food waste.In recent years, growing concern about hunger, resource conservation, and the environmental and economic costs associated with food waste have raised public awareness of food loss. This in turn has accelerated public and private efforts to make better use of available, food supplies by
11、 recovering safe and nutritious food that would otherwise be wasted.Of course, not all food that is lost is suitable for consumption. Some losses like the condemnation of diseased animals at the slaughtering house (屠宰场), or the discard of rotten fruit from the produce shelf at the supermarket are ne
12、cessary to ensure the safetyand health of the U. S. food supply. Such foods are not recoverable for human use.Likewise, plate fragments are appropriately discarded at eating establishments out of health considerations. In addition, not all food that is lost is economically recoverable. Food recovery
13、 efforts are often limited by financial restraints that make it difficult to match recovered food with potential recipients.Nevertheless, large quantities of healthy, edible food are lost at every stage of the marketing system. Example of such losses include meats, bread, and other foods prepared by
14、 a restaurant or hotel but never served and the discard of defected or over-ripe .produce, which maybe difficult to sell out for some reasons, but are otherwise nutritious and safe.（分数：7.00）(1).The problem in America that the author is talking about in this passage is large amounts of food are lost
15、in American.A. Right B. Wrong C. Not mentioned（分数：1.00）A.B.C.(2).The authors attitude towards the condemnation of diseased animals is reasonable.A. Right B. Wrong C. Not mentioned（分数：1.00）A.B.C.(3).It is implied in Para 4 that many food recovery efforts are too cheap to be practical.A. Right B. Wron
16、g C. Not mentioned（分数：1.00）A.B.C.(4).The American food industry can produce enough products for its entire people.A. Right B. Wrong C. Not mentioned（分数：1.00）A.B.C.(5).Discarding over-ripe produce is necessary for restaurants.A. Right B. Wrong C. Not mentioned（分数：1.00）A.B.C.(6).People start to pay mo
17、re attention to food waste.A. Right B. Wrong C. Not mentioned（分数：1.00）A.B.C.(7).Discarding plate fragments is necessary for peoples health.A. Right B. Wrong C. Not mentioned（分数：1.00）A.B.C.三、第 3 部分：概括大意与完成句子(总题数：2，分数：8.00)A. Harm Screening May Do to a Younger Woman B. Investigating the Effect of Scre
18、ening C. Effects Predicted by Two Different Models D. Small Risk of Inducing Cancers from Radiation E. Treatment of Cancers F. Factors That Trigger Cancers（分数：4.00）(1).Paragraph 2 _（分数：1.00）填空项 1:_(2).Paragraph 3 _（分数：1.00）填空项 1:_(3).Paragraph 4 _（分数：1.00）填空项 1:_(4).Paragraph 5 _（分数：1.00）填空项 1:_A. m
19、any vaccinesB. prevent diseasesC. health educationD. healthy behaviorE. change unhealthy behaviorF. other health services（分数：4.00）(1).Promoting healthy behavior is the goal of _.（分数：1.00）填空项 1:_(2).Immunization helps to _.（分数：1.00）填空项 1:_(3).Health education cannot take the place of _.（分数：1.00）填空项 1
20、:_(4).Individuals should be provided with necessary conditions for _.（分数：1.00）填空项 1:_四、第 4 部分：阅读理解(总题数：0，分数：0.00)五、第一篇(总题数：1，分数：15.00)Medical bills in the United States have risen violently since 1960s and steps need to be taken to reverse this trend or the average American will not be able to affor
21、d medical care. The major factor in increasing the cost of medical care has been the dramatic increase in the cost of hospital services. The rise in the cost of hospitalization can be only partly blamed on inflation (通货膨胀)since hospital bills in the last two decades have risen at a considerably high
22、er rate than inflation.Another factor cited by doctors as a major cause for the increase in the cost of medical care is malpractice(治疗错误). Increasingly large awards for malpractice have caused doctors to increase their rates to cover the higher malpractice insurance. Because of the large malpractice
23、 awards, doctors are also prescribing more conservative and more extensive and therefore more costly treatment for patients as a defense against malpractice claims. Whatever the causes of the wild increases in the cost of medical care are, the government needs to take strong action before it is too
24、late for Americans.（分数：15.00）(1).The passage is mainly about _.A. the increasing cost of malpractice insuranceB. factors causing the increase in U. S. medical billsC. steps for Americans to take to obtain medical careD. the dramatic medical profession（分数：3.00）A.B.C.D.(2).The passage implies that a s
25、lowing in inflation would have _ effect on medical costs.A. a tremendous B. a slightC. a maximum D. no（分数：3.00）A.B.C.D.(3).How does the author of this passage feel about the tremendous increase in medical bills?A. Enthusiastic B. ImpassiveC. Indifferent D. Anxious（分数：3.00）A.B.C.D.(4).What is the aut
26、hors main point in the passage?A. Inflation is having a terrible effect on medical bills.B. Insurance companies are at fault in raising medical bills.C. Action is needed to stop increase in medical bills.D. Doctors need to work to decrease malpractice.（分数：3.00）A.B.C.D.(5).What does the following par
27、agraph of this passage most likely contain?A. A discussion of why average Americans will soon be unable to afford medical care.B. A forecast of how inflation will affect medical care in the future.C. The tremendous increases in malpractice insurance.D. The steps the government could take to control
28、medical costs.（分数：3.00）A.B.C.D.六、第二篇(总题数：1，分数：7.00)A Desert Between Paul and ClaraPaul had long promised to marry Clara. But at thirty-three he met and married Alice. Clara was driven mad.Paul was taken to court. The judge ordered him to pay Clara $600 because of the broken promise. Paul had to borr
29、ow the money from a moneylender. He agreed to pay back $5 a month-for twenty years. His wages at the time were $16 a month.Paul and Alice were poor but not unhappy. They had little enough food, certainly, even before the children began to arrive. Each month Paul paid $5 to the moneylender. He worked
30、 hard, never taking a holiday, in time, there were seven mouths to feed.Illness was always with them. It grew serious when the oldest child was eight. The years of hunger weakened the family, because each month Paul paid $5. The details of the sickness were ugly, but the result was this: after twelv
31、e years of family life, Paul was alone in the world.He lived alone, except for memories. Work was not now a god for him: it was a pain-killer. Each month he paid, and in time the twenty years ended, From that moment his wages were his own.One day, it was a holiday-he went to the seaside. He sat down
32、 on a seat by the sea. A middle-aged woman came and sat down near him. They recognized each other at once.The woman said, “The $600 has been in the bank since the day it was paid to me. It is now $6,000, and I have kept it for you. Will you let me share it with you?“No,“ said Paul, gently. “Each tho
33、usand is a lost life in a desert between us. It can never bring any happiness./（分数：7.00）(1).Paul was ordered to pay Clara $600 becauseA. he had borrowed $600 from her.B. he had broken his word to marry her.C. he had promised to give her $600.D. he had spent a lot of her money.（分数：1.40）A.B.C.D.(2).Ho
34、w many children did Paul and Alice have?A. Two.B. Four.C. Five.D. Eight.（分数：1.40）A.B.C.D.(3).Twelve years after his marriage, Paul wasA. poor but not sad.B. very sick.C. free from debt.D. lonely and unhappy.（分数：1.40）A.B.C.D.(4).After his wife and children died, Paul turned to his work toA. ease his
35、pain.B. forget his debt.C. get pleasure.D. seek friendship.（分数：1.40）A.B.C.D.(5).When Paul met Clara again 20 years later, he decidedA. to share the $600 with her.B. not to marry her.C. to ask back the $600,D. not to refuse her offer.（分数：1.40）A.B.C.D.七、第三篇(总题数：1，分数：15.00)Is the Tie a Necessity?Ties,
36、or neckties, have been a symbol of politeness and elegance in Britain for centuries. But the casual Prime Minister Tony Blair has problems with them. Reports suggest that even the civil servants may stop wearing ties. So, are the famously formal British really going to abandon the neckties?Maybe. La
37、st week, the UKs Cabinet Secretary Andrew Turnbull openly welcomed a tieless era. He hinted that civil servants would soon be free of the costliest 12 inches of fabric that most men ever buy in their lives.In fact, Blair showed this attitude when he had his first guests to a cocktail party. Many of
38、them were celebrities (知名人士) without ties, which would have been unimaginable even in the recent past.For some more conservative British, the tie is a must for proper appearance. Earlier, Labor leader Jim Callaghan said he would have died rather than have his children seen in public without a tie. F
39、or people like Callaghan, the tie was a sign of being complete, of showing respect. Men were supposed to wear a tie when going to church, to work in the office, to a party - almost every social occasion.But today, people have begun to accept a casual style even for formal occasions.The origin of the
40、 tie is tricky. It started as something called simply a “band“. The term could mean anything around a mans neck. It appeared in finer ways in the 1630s. Frenchmen showed a love of this particular fashion statement. Their neckwear (颈饰) impressed Charles II, the king of England who was exiled (流放) to
41、France at that time. When he returned to England in 1660, he brought this new fashion item along with him.It wasnt, however, until the late 18th century that fancy young men introduced a more colorful, flowing piece of cloth that eventually became known as the tie. Then, clubs, military institutions
42、 and schools began to use colored and patterned ties to indicate the wearers membership in the late 19th century. After that, the tie became a necessary item of clothing for British gentlemen.But now, even gentlemen are getting tired of ties. Anyway, the day feels a bit easier when you wake up witho
43、ut having to decide which tie suits you and your mood.（分数：15.00）(1).The tie symbolizes all of the following exceptA. respect.B. elegance.C. politeness.D. democracy.（分数：3.00）A.B.C.D.(2).Why does Blair sometimes show up in a formal event without a tie?A. Because he wants to make a show.B. Because he w
44、ants to attract attention.C. Because ties are costly.D. Because he wants to live in a casual way.（分数：3.00）A.B.C.D.(3).Which of the following is NOT a social occasion?A. Going to church.B. Going to work in the office.C. Staying at home.D. Going to a party.（分数：3.00）A.B.C.D.(4).Who brought the Frenchme
45、ns neckwear to Britain?A. Tony Blair.B. Charles .C. Jim Callaghan.D. Andrew Turnbull.（分数：3.00）A.B.C.D.(5).When did British gentlemen begin to wear ties regularly?A. After the late 19th century.B. In the 1630s.C. In 1660.D. In the late 18th century.（分数：3.00）A.B.C.D.八、第 5 部分：补全对话(总题数：1，分数：10.00)Decidi
46、ng on the vacations destination(目的地) with your family can be a difficult task, especially when your choice of place does not interest your children. You might plan to visit Alaska, but your children might want to go to the Bahamas. (46) Eastern cities like Beijing, Seoul and Bangkok are on the list
47、of favorite destinations with children. The holiday can prove to be a fun learning experience because you can see things like the Great Wall and learn about different cultures. (47) However, the problem is that getting permission to enter the country, usually takes some time, so plan your trip well
48、ahead of time to ensure a smooth trip to your chosen destination.European cities have also gained popularity over the years, but a trip might be a little.“ too expensive. However, the Western Europe country trips generally come with discounts (折扣) and by going to Europe you can experience several di
49、fferent cultures. You can explore the rains of Pompeii (庞贝城的遗迹) and go on a boat ride in Venice, or taste delicious Italian sweets in Florence. (48) This gives them an opportunity to learn about their ancestors.(49) Lying in the sun, playing on the sand and swimming in the deep blue water can be very relaxing, and thats why so many families go there. Because of the white sandy beaches, black mou
