1、职称英语卫生类 B 级-42 及答案解析(总分：92.00，做题时间：90 分钟)一、第 1 部分：词汇选项(总题数：15，分数：15.00)1.The little boy was so fascinated by the mighty river that he would spend hours sitting on its bank and gazing at the passing boats and rafts.A. very strong B. very long C. very great D. very fast（分数：1.00）A.B.C.D.2.Im working wi
2、th a guy from London.A. teacher B. student C. friend D. man（分数：1.00）A.B.C.D.3.When the car accident happened, we were all horrified.A. take out B. take place C. take in D. take away（分数：1.00）A.B.C.D.4.Evidently, he has made a big mistake this time.A. likely B. possibly C. obviously D. simply（分数：1.00）
3、A.B.C.D.5.Jack eventually overtook the last truck.A. hit B. passedC. reached D. led（分数：1.00）A.B.C.D.6.An important part of the national government is the Foreign Service, a branch of the Department of State.A. a unity B. a division C. an embassy D. an invasion（分数：1.00）A.B.C.D.7.Tom dropped off in fr
4、ont of fire. A. drop at B. drop away C. doze off D. take off（分数：1.00）A.B.C.D.8.People who do not sleep enough tend to become irritable.A. easily annoyed B. illC. weary D. stiff and sore（分数：1.00）A.B.C.D.9.It was difficult to set a date which was convenient for everyone.A. decide B. arrange C. provide
5、 D. choose（分数：1.00）A.B.C.D.10.How do you account for your absence from the class last Thursday?A. explain B. examineC. choose D. expand（分数：1.00）A.B.C.D.11.The exhausted mother smiled at the wail of her newborn baby.A. sad B. gloomyC. tired D. happy（分数：1.00）A.B.C.D.12.Many city dwellers are turning v
6、acant lots into thriving gardens.A. costly B. empty C. small D. shady（分数：1.00）A.B.C.D.13.His motive for working so hard is that he needs money.A. motivation B. solution C. motion D. nature（分数：1.00）A.B.C.D.14.The teams spirit was at the lowest point in the season.A. ability to read B. lesson C. moral
7、e D. talent（分数：1.00）A.B.C.D.15.Obviously these people can be relied on in a crisis.A. lived on B. depended on C. believed in D. joined in（分数：1.00）A.B.C.D.二、第 2 部分：阅读判断(总题数：1，分数：7.00)Chewing GumThe practice of chewing, gum (口香糖) has been with us for more than a century. Millions of people all over th
8、e world chew billions of pieces of gum every year.Chewing gum became popular in the United States mainly because of the work of one man, William Wrigley, who for many years was head of the Wrigley Company. Earlier, Thomas Adams first began to experiment with chewing gum in about the year 1870. It wa
9、s he who first made gum softer and pleasant to chew. But it was not until Wrigley entered the business in about 1890 that people everywhere began to learn about chewing gum and to use it widely.Wrigley liked to do things in a big way. In his first year, he borrowed money and spent more than a millio
10、n dollars on advertising. For years, there was a large Wrigleys advertisement in every streetcar (有轨电车) in the United States. People complained that they could not go anywhere without seeing Wrigleys name. Wrigley even sent, free of charge, pieces of gum to every person in the telephone book of ever
11、y city and town in the United States. Finally, he began to advertise that it was good for the health to chew gum and that it helped to keep the teeth clean.He used to send free gum to every child in the United States on his second birthday. He employed young women who, in beautiful dresses, would go
12、 from city to city in groups of four or five, stand on street corners, and give free chewing gum to every person who passed by. In this way, each woman gave away about five thousand pieces of Wrigleys gum every day. As a result of this continuous advertising, people in the United States naturally be
13、gan to buy more and more chewing gum.（分数：7.00）(1).William Wrigley first started to experiment with chewing gum.A. Right B. Wrong C. Not mentioned（分数：1.00）A.B.C.(2).William Wrigley liked to do things in a big way.A. Right B. Wrong C. Not mentioned（分数：1.00）A.B.C.(3).William Wrigley sent free gum to ev
14、ery pretty woman in the US.A. Right B. Wrong C. Not mentioned（分数：1.00）A.B.C.(4).Americans had been chewing gum since before Thomas Adams was born.A. Right B. Wrong C. Not mentioned（分数：1.00）A.B.C.(5).Americans began to chew more and more gum mainly because of Wrigleys continuous advertising.A. Right
15、B. Wrong C. Not mentioned（分数：1.00）A.B.C.(6).Building Wrigley empire took not only time and money, but creativity and business sense.A. Right B. Wrong C. Not mentioned（分数：1.00）A.B.C.(7).Following the success of chewing gum, schools handed out gum to school children.A. Right B. Wrong C. Not mentioned（
16、分数：1.00）A.B.C.三、第 3 部分：概括大意与完成句子(总题数：2，分数：8.00)A. if we can drive yield upB. when Mexico, China and India join in the projectC. if we want to fight against malnutrition and povertyD. when we use modern technologies and develop new onesE. when the developed world help the developing worldF. when stra
17、tegic research can be utilized worldwide（分数：4.00）(1).Dr. Fischer claims that agriculture will continue to develop _.（分数：1.00）填空项 1:_(2).Land can be saved for other purposes _.（分数：1.00）填空项 1:_(3).The investment can be regarded as efficient _.（分数：1.00）填空项 1:_(4).The global decrease in investment shoul
18、d he changed _.（分数：1.00）填空项 1:_A. Langmir and Schaefers work for the GE CompanyB. Langmir and Schaefers discovery of rain-formingC. Mens knowledge of rain-formingE. Schaefers discovery by accidentD. Schaefers several unsuccessful experimentsF. Langmir and Schaefers successful cooperation（分数：4.00）(1)
19、.Paragraph 2 _（分数：1.00）填空项 1:_(2).Paragraph 3 _（分数：1.00）填空项 1:_(3).Paragraph 4 _（分数：1.00）填空项 1:_(4).Paragraph 6 _（分数：1.00）填空项 1:_四、第 4 部分：阅读理解(总题数：0，分数：0.00)五、第一篇(总题数：1，分数：15.00)A Long and Expensive WarBy the Treaty of Paris of 1763, which ended the war with the French and the Indians, England gaine
20、d possession of Canada and all the territory east of the Mississippi River. French influence on this continent thus came to an end; England now controlled most of North America. But the war had been long and expensive. England had many debts. George , King of England, after consulting with his advis
21、ers, decided that the American colonists (殖民者) should help pay some of the expenses of this war. A standing English army of 10,000 men had been left in the colonies(殖民地)for protection against the Indians. The English government also felt that the colonists should share in the expenses of maintaining
22、 this army. The result was a series of measure, the Grenville Program, passed by Parliament and designed to raise money in the colonies. Some of these measures were accepted by The colonists, but one in particular, the Stamp Act, was met with great protest. The Stamp Act required thats tamps, rangin
23、g in price from a few cents to almost a dollar, be placed on all newspapers, advertisements, bills of sale, wills, legal papers, etc. the Stamp Act was one of the causes of the American Revolution. It affected everyone, rich and poor alike. Some businessmen felt that the act would surely ruin their
24、businesses.Of all the voices raised in protest to the Stamp Act, none had greater effect than that of a young layer from Virginia-Patrick Henry. Henry had only recently been elected to the Virginia Assembly. Yet when the Stamp Act came up for discussion, he opposed it almost single handedly. He also
25、 expressed, for the first time, certain ideas that were held by many Americans of the time but that never before had been stated so openly. “Is life so dear or peace so sweet, as to be bought at the price of chains and slavery? Forbid it, Almighty(万能的) God! I know not what course others may take, bu
26、t as for me, give me liberty, or give me death!/（分数：15.00）(1).From the text we learn that _.A. Britain took over Canada from the Indians in 1763B. there had been a war between the French and the Indians which ended in 1763C. France used to have control of Canada and some areas east of the Mississipp
27、i RiverD. the French still dept kept some influence in North America through the Treaty of Paris（分数：3.00）A.B.C.D.(2).The Grenville Program refers to _.A. King George s plan to gather money in North AmericaB. the British governments desire to raise money in North AmericaC. a plan to share the expense
28、s of maintaining an army in the American coloniesD. a decision of the British Parliament to collect money in the American colonies（分数：3.00）A.B.C.D.(3).The Stamp Act _.A. was an act about selling stamps at prices from a few cents to almost a dollarB. required that all commercial and legal documents i
29、n America have stamps on themC. was the main cause of the American RevolutionD. chiefly affected business people who felt it would ruin their businesses（分数：3.00）A.B.C.D.(4).From the text we learn that Patrick Henry _.A. had been a member of the Virginia Assembly for a long timeB. didnt know what cou
30、rses to take to complete his studies as a lawyerC. was almost the only one who openly protested against the Stamp ActD. didnt value life or peace as much as other people did（分数：3.00）A.B.C.D.(5).This passage is mainly about _.A. one of the events leading to the American RevolutionB. the Treaty of Par
31、is between Britain and FranceC. the Grenville Program to raise money in the American coloniesD. Patrick Henry, a hero who opposed the Stamp Act（分数：3.00）A.B.C.D.六、第二篇(总题数：1，分数：7.00)Stress at Work and Still HealthyThe term could yet become the word of the year: stress is on everyones lips these days a
32、nd everywhere. Not only managers, officials and teachers are complaining nowadays, housewives, children and pensioners now also have their own problems. They too sacrifice themselves for others, feel under- or overworked and quickly lose their inner balance. Irritation, tiredness and exhaustion quic
33、kly follow. But that is only the negative aspect. Stress, after all, is also linked to positive terms such as joy of life, tension and vitality (活力).“Firstly, stress is healthy,“ says Wolfgang Stehling from Eltvelle. The doctor and management consultant says: “It occurs when the body loses its inner
34、 balance, but then stress hormones are produced to re-establish the balance.“ Thus stress is nothing more than a positive reaction of the body to pressure. It is unavoidable as part of our nature: “There is no such thing as a stress-free life.“But whether stress leads to tensions in the mind or to t
35、enseness of the muscles depends on the duration (持续时间), its cause or causes and the sufferers personal situation. People who have trouble sleeping or suffer from bad moods or simply the flu will not be on top of the world and will take every little strife as negative stress. Others, people who feel
36、refreshed at every new turn, are relaxed and successful, will view a difficult round of negotiations or competition at work more as a positive challenge than a cross to bear.Exercise, healthy eating and relaxation are thus the three pillars by which stress can be conquered almost every time. These f
37、actors form a unit, explains Marita Voelker-Albert, spokeswoman for the governments Nutrition Advice Center in Cologne. Its campaign “Gut Drauf“ (Feeling Good) is targeted at young people. The government agencys research suggests that three out of four adolescents feel tired, overtaxed (负担过重) and un
38、der stress. Eating disorders and complaints such as migraines (偏头痛) and indigestion (消化不良), nervousness and concentration problems have increased among 12-to 16-year-olds.But even the best solutions dont work if they are not put into practice, says Stehling. Anybody who goes jogging regularly, pract
39、ices yoga (瑜伽功) and prescribes good literature as a cure for negative stress, may well end up under more pressure as he tries to find the time for it all. Sometimes, says the consultant, it helps to take time out to reduce stress levels over a weekend.（分数：7.00）(1).Which of the following is NOT a cor
40、rect view on stress?A. Stress has both positive and negative aspects.B. Stress is only a positive reaction of the body to pressure.C. Stress is unavoidable as part of our nature,D. Stress only leads to serious problems.（分数：1.40）A.B.C.D.(2).A person who has lost his inner balance may soon feelA. fit
41、and healthy.B. under-or overworked.C. irritated, tired and exhausted.D. relaxed and happy.（分数：1.40）A.B.C.D.(3).Who will easily take every little strife as negative stress?A. Those who are in good moods,B. Those who suffer from the flu.C. Those who are successful.D. Those who feel refreshed at every
42、new turn.（分数：1.40）A.B.C.D.(4).All the following complaints are said to have increased among children aged 12 to 16 EXCEPTA. painful headache.B. indigestion,C. loss of memory.D. nervousness and concentration problems.（分数：1.40）A.B.C.D.(5).Which of the following is NOT mentioned as a possible cure for
43、negative stress?A. Reading good literature,B. Practicing yoga.C. Working overtime.D. Having a healthy diet.（分数：1.40）A.B.C.D.七、第三篇(总题数：1，分数：15.00)The IcemanOn a September day in 1991, two Germans were climbing the mountains between Austria and Italy. High up on a mountain pass, they found the body of
44、 a man lying on the ice. At that height (10,499 feet, or 3,200 meters), the ice is usually permanent, but 1991 had been an especially warm year. The mountain ice had melted more than usual and so the body had come to the surface. It was lying face downward. The skeleton (骨架) was in perfect condition
45、, except for a wound in the head. There was still skin on the bones and the remains of some clothes. The hands were still holding the wooden handle of an ax and on the feet there were very simple leather and cloth boots. Nearby was a pair of gloves made of tree bark (树皮) and a holder for arrows. Who
46、 was this man? How and when had he died? Everybody had a different answer to these questions. Some people thought that it was from this century, perhaps the body of a soldier who died in World War I, since several soldiers had already been found in the area. A Swiss woman believed it might be her fa
47、ther, who had died in those mountains twenty years before and whose body had never been found. The scientists who rushed to look at the body thought it was probably much older, maybe even a thousand years old. With modern dating techniques, the scientists soon learned that the Iceman was about 5,300
48、 years old. Born in about 3300 B. C. , he lived during the Bronze Age in Europe. At first scientists thought he was probably a hunter who had died from an accident in the high mountains. More recent evidence, however, tells a different story. A new kind of X-ray shows an arrowhead still stuck in his
49、 shoulder. It left only a tiny hole in his skin, but it caused internal damage and bleeding. He almost certainly died from this wound, and not from the wound on the back of his head. This means that he was probably in some kind of a battle. It may have been part of a larger war, or he may have been fighting bandits. He may even have been a bandit himself. By studying his c
