1、公共英语五级真题笔试试卷一及答案解析(总分：75.00，做题时间：90 分钟)一、BSection Liste(总题数：1，分数：20.00)略BSection Use of English/BRead the following text and fill each of the numbered spaces with ONE suitable word If you are buying a property in France，whether for a permanent or a holiday home，it is important to open a French bank
2、accountAlthough it is possible to exist on travellers cheques，Eurocheques and credit cardsU (1) /Uby British banks，theU (2) /Ufor theseU (3) /Ucan be expensive The simplest way to pay regularU (4) /U，such as electricity，gas or telephone，U (5) /Uwhen you are not in residence，is by direct debit(a sum
3、withdrawn from an account)from your French account ToU (6) /Ua current account，you will need toU (7) /Uyour passport and birthU (8) /Uand to provide your address in the United KingdomYou will be issued with a cheque book within weeks of opening the accountIn France it is illegal to be overdrawnAll a
4、ccounts must be operatedU (9) /UcreditHowever，there are noU (10) /UchargesNote that chequesU (11) /Ulonger to clear in France than in Britain，and can only be stoppedU (12) /Ustolen or lost The easiest way toU (13) /Umoney from a British bank account to a FrenchU (14) /Uis by bank transferYou simply
5、provide your British bank with the name，address andU (15) /Uof your French bank accountThe procedure takes about a week andU (16) /Ubetween 5 and 40 for each transaction，U (17) /Uon your British bank U (18) /U，you Can transfer moneyU (19) /Ua French bank in LondonYou can also send a sterling cheque(
6、allow at least 12 days for the cheque to be cleared)，Eurocheques or travellersU (20) /U Finally，it is a good idea to make a friend of your French bank managerHis help can prove invaluable （分数：20.00）(1).（分数：1.00）填空项 1:_填空项 1:_填空项 1:_填空项 1:_填空项 1:_填空项 1:_填空项 1:_填空项 1:_填空项 1:_填空项 1:_填空项 1:_填空项 1:_填空项 1
7、:_填空项 1:_填空项 1:_填空项 1:_填空项 1:_填空项 1:_填空项 1:_填空项 1:_二、BSection Readin(总题数：4，分数：20.00)BPart A/BRead the following texts and answer the questions which accompany them by choosing A， B， C or D Mark your answers on BANSWER SHEET 1 /B BText 1/BTo produce the upheaval in the United States that changed and
8、modernized the domain of higher education from the mid-1860s to the mid-1880sthree primary causes interactedThe mergence of a half-dozen leaders in education provided the personal force that was neededMoreover，an outcry for a fresher，more practical，and more advanced kind of instruction arose among t
9、he alumni and friends of nearly all of the old colleges and grew into a movement that overrode all conservative oppositionThe aggressive “Young Yale” movement appeared，demanding partial alumni control，a more liberal spirit，and a broader course of studyThe graduates of Harvard University simultaneous
10、ly rallied to relieve the Universitys poverty and demand new enterpriseEducation was pushing toward higher standard in the East by throwing off church leadership everywhere，and in the West by finding a wider range of studies and a new sense of public duty The old-style classical education received i
11、ts most crushing blow in the citadel of Harvard University，where DrCharles Elliot，a young captain of thirty-five，son of a former treasurer of Harvard led the progressive forcesFive revolutionary advances were made during the five years of DrElliot administrationThey were the elevation and amplificat
12、ion of entrance requirements，the enlargement of the curriculum and the development of the elective system，the recognition of graduate study in the liberal arts，the raising of professional training in law，medicine， and engineering to a postgraduate level，and the fostering of greater maturity in stude
13、nt lifeStandards of admission were sharply advanced in 1872-1873 and 1876-1877By the appointment of a dean to take charge of student affairs，and a wise handling of discipline，the undergraduates were led to regard themselves more as young gentlemen and less as young animalsOne new course of study aft
14、er another was opened upscience，music，the history of the fine arts，advanced Spanish，political economy，physics，classical philology，and international law （分数：5.00）(1).The passage mainly deals with_（分数：1.00）A.innovations in the United States higher education in the late 1800sB.Harvard University gradua
15、tes successC.the development of Harvard UniversityD.the aggressive “Young Yale” movement(2).Which of the following is one of the causes of the educational innovations?（分数：1.00）A.Efforts made by church leaderB.Rallies held by graduates of Harvard UniversitC.Demand for a more advanced mode of teaching
16、 among the graduates of the old collegeD.The limitation of the range of studie(3).According to the passagewhat can be inferred about Harvard University before the innovations?（分数：1.00）A.Courses were more practicaB.Educators laid great stress on the maturity in student lifC.Admission standards were h
17、igheD.Students were younge(4).Which of the following can be inferred from the passage about old-style classical education?（分数：1.00）A.Most students majored in laB.The courses were too difficulC.The curriculum was not reasonablD.Students could get Masters degree in the liberal art(5).Which of the foll
18、owing is not true?（分数：1.00）A.Several leaders in education made great efforts to promote the educational innovationB.Church leaders influenced education a lot before the progressive changeC.College entrance requirements were elevated in the late 1800D.The sense of public duty was neglected in the lat
19、e 1800BText 2/BIn recent years，there has been an increasing awareness of the inadequacies of the judicial system in the United StatesCosts are staggering both for the taxpayers and the litigants and，the litigants，or parties，have to wait sometimes many years before having their day in courtMany sugge
20、stions have been made concerning methods of ameliorating the situation but，as in most branches of government，changes come slowly One suggestion that has been made in order to maximize the efficiency of the systems is to allow districts that have an overabundance of pending cases to borrow judges fro
21、m other districts that do not have such a backlogAnother suggestion is to use pretrial conferences，in which the judge meets in his chambers with the litigants and their attorneys in order to narrow the issues，limit the witnesses，and provide for a more orderly trialThe theory behind pretrial conferen
22、ces is that judges will spend less time on each case and parties will more readily settle before trial when they realize the adequacy of their claims and their opponents evidenceUnfortunately，at least one study had shown that pretrial conferences actually use more judicial time than they save，rarely
23、 result in pretrial settlements，and actually result in higher damage settlements Many states have now established another method，small-claims courts，in which cases over small sums of money can be disposed of with considerable dispatchSuch proceedings cost the litigants almost nothingIn California，fo
24、r example，the parties must appear before the judge without the assistance of counselThe proceedings are quite informal and there is no pleadingthe litigants need to make only a one-sentence statement of their claimBy going to this type of courts，the plaintiff waives any right to jury trial and the r
25、ight to appeal the decision In coming years，we can expect to see more and more innovations in the continuing effort to remedy a situation which must be remedied if the citizens who have valid claims are going to be able to have their day in court （分数：5.00）(1).The word“litigants”in Paragraph 1 refers
26、 to_（分数：1.00）A.judgesB.attorneysC.persons concerned in a lawsuitD.government officials(2).The word “backlog” in Paragraph 2 means_（分数：1.00）A.burdenB.a group of pending cases that were not dealt with at the proper timeC.litigantD.situation(3).The suggestions or methods of improving the judicial syste
27、m in the United States mentioned in the passage include all the following except_（分数：1.00）A.to allow districts that have an overabundance of pending cases to borrow judges from other districtsB.to establish small-claims courtsC.to request plaintiffs to waive the fight to jury trial and the fight to
28、appeal the decisionD.to use pretrial conferences(4).Which of the following is true?（分数：1.00）A.Lawsuit costs are usually quite high both for the taxpayers and the litigantB.To use pretrial conferences proves to be quite feasible in maximizing the efficiency of the judicial system in UC.At present，mos
29、t litigants prefer small-claims courts in US because cases can be settled with considerable dispatcD.It is possible to have ones case heard by a jury if the litigant is not satisfied with the small-claims courts decisio(5).The purpose of writing this article is_（分数：1.00）A.to show the inadequacies of
30、 the judicial system in the United StatesB.to compare different suggestionsC.to find the advantages and disadvantages of the judicial system in the United StatesD.to discuss the methods of ameliorating the judicial system in the United StatesBText 3/BIn 1959 the average American family paid $989 for
31、 a years supply of foodIn 1972 the family paid $1,311That was a price increase of nearly one thirdEvery family has had this sort of experienceEveryone agrees that the cost of feeding a family has risen sharplyBut there is less agreement when reasons for the rise are being discussedWho is really resp
32、onsible? Many blame the farmers who produce the vegetables，fruit，meat，eggs，and cheese that are stored for saleAccording to the U.S. Department of Agriculture，the farmers share of the $1,311 spent by the family in 1972 was $521This was thirty-one percent more than the farmer had received in 1959But f
33、armers claim that this increase was very small compared to the increase in their cost of livingFarmers tend to blame others for the sharp rise in food pricesThey particularly blame those who process the farm products after the products leave the farmThese include truck drivers，meat packers，manufactu
34、rers of packages and other food containers，and the owners of stores where food is soldThey are among the“middlemen”who stand between the farmer and the people who buy and eat the foodAre middlemen the ones to blame for rising food prices? Of the $1,311 family food bill in 1972，middlemen received $79
35、0，which was thirty-three percent more than they had received in 1959It appears that the middlemens profit has increased more than the farmersBut some economists claim that the middlemens actual profit was very lowAccording to economists at the First National City Bank，the profit for meat packers and
36、 food stores amounted to less than one percentDuring the same period all other manufacturers were making a profit of more than five percentBy comparison with other members of the economic system，both farmers and middlemen have profited surprisingly little from the rise in food prices Who then is act
37、ually responsible for the size of the bill a housewife must pay before she carries the food from the store?The economists at First National City Bank have an answer to give housewives，but many people will not like itThese economists blame the housewife herself for the jump in food pricesThey say tha
38、t food costs more now because women dont want to spend much time in the kitchenWomen prefer to buy food which has already been prepared before it reaches the market （分数：5.00）(1).What is the main topic of this passage?（分数：1.00）A.Food supplyB.Profit earned by farmers，middlemen，and housewivesC.Reasons
39、for the food price increaseD.Economists attitudes(2).According to the passage，the following groups of people are mentioned to have been blamed for rising food prices except_（分数：1.00）A.farmersB.middlemenC.housewivesD.economists(3).According to the economists，who is actually responsible for the jump i
40、n food prices?（分数：1.00）A.FarmersB.HousewivesC.MiddlemenD.The owners of stores(4).For the middlemen，which of the following is NOT true?（分数：1.00）A.They refer to truck drivers，meat packers，manufacturers of packages and other food containers，and the owners of stores where food is soldB.Their profit is l
41、ower than supposedC.They stand between the farmers and the people who buy and eat the foodD.They make the same profit as the farmers(5).Farmers should not be blamed for the rise because_（分数：1.00）A.they produce the vegetables and other thingsB.they get only a small share in the profitC.they work very
42、 hardD.their cost of living has also risenBPart B/BIn the following article some paragraphs have been removed For Questions 66 70， choose the most suitable paragraph from the list A F to fit into each of the numbered gaps There is one paragraph which does not fit in any of the gaps Mark your answers
43、 on BANSWER SHEET 1 /B Millions of man-hours are lost to industry through employees suffering backache or strain caused by operating poorly designed machines and vehicles or moving awkward and heavy loadsProduction is also interrupted by injury from other causes，such as vibration and excessive noise
44、 66_ But help is coming from a perhaps unexpected quarter for companies prepared to plan their workshops and manufacturing lines to take account of these hazards The necessary information is emerging from a recently formed team of Ministry of Defense scientists at the Army Personnel Research Establi
45、shment at FarnboroughThey are measuring factors which limit a soldiers ability to cope with advanced technical equipment and new types of vehicles，or to carry out routine jobs under difficult working conditions The problems of the factory and office manager may at first sight seem distant from those
46、 of the Army 67_ A task force of 120 physiologists，biologists，computer scientists，technologists and soldiers is therefore looking for the point at which human factors set the limit to the use of technology It is the stage at which no matter how advanced the engineering，it is the man who caused the c
47、omplicated equipment to fail DrJohn Nelms，director of the establishment，says：“In an era when there is almost nothing the engineer can not build，man is the limiting factorThe research program marks a new stage in the evolution of the army in looking at how best to make the soldier and technology compatibleIf we do not get the relationship fight，the next battiefield could be a shambles” To meet the vast range of occupational hazards faced by the armed fo
