1、翻译二级笔译综合能力分类模拟题 49 及答案解析(总分：100.00，做题时间：90 分钟)一、Section 1 Vocabulary(总题数：0，分数：0.00)二、Error Correction(总题数：1，分数：42.00)The humanities is 1 a form of knowledge. Like other knowledge, this deals with a 2 man“s life in nature and society, but it is required 3 through the study of man“s spiritual creation
2、slanguage, art, history, philosophy, or 4 religion. This filtering of the subject, man, through the medium of mind have 5 the effect of keeping always in the foreground the element of novelness 6 , of uniqueness, of astonishing unpredictability. Whereas the study of nature assumes and finds of its u
3、niforms 7 , and whereas the scientific study of society tries too 8 to grasp what is regular and inevitable, the study of nature and man through 9 humanities dwells on what is individual and alike 10 and anarchic. It finds what does not conform with 11 rule, what has no counterpart, what does not “b
4、ehave“, and 12 simply is or actsthis is the splendid and refreshed 13 spectacle of the humanities. It is the Antigone of Sophocles, who 14 describes the unique woman and is no other drama; the Athenian plague in Thucydides, which is at once unknown, vividly present, and forever 15 past. (Excerpt fro
5、m Science vs. the Humanities )（分数：42.00）三、Section 2 Cloze Test(总题数：1，分数：30.00)Tone Morrison“s First Novel Since Her Nobel Prizeby David GatesWhen longtime Tone Morrison fan see that her new novel, the first since she won the Nobel Prize in 1993, is called Paradise , they“ll fill in the Lost automati
6、cally. Like the classic white American writers she“s lovingly, though warily, adopted as ancestral spirits. Morrison is obsessed with vanished or tainted Edens and failed visions of community. In 1992“s Jazz , it was 1920s Harlem. In 1987“s Beloved , it was a deceptively lovely plantation with the h
7、ellishly inapt name of Sweet Home. In 1977“s Song of Solomon , it was an idyllic post-Civil War farm significantly called Lincoln“s Heaven. Now, in Paradise , it“s the all-black Oklahoma town of Ruby in 1970s. Ruby“s built around a huge communal Oven (always reverently capitalized) and blessedly 1 f
8、rom contamination by whites, whether in Klansmen“s hoods, policemen“s 2 or bankers“ tweeds. It“s literally a garden spot: “Iris, phlox, rose and peonies 3 up more and more time new butterflies journeyed 4 to brood in Ruby.“ With the very best intentions, the good townsfolk trash this Eden all by. 5
9、. Critics have long recognized the influence of Faulkner on the passionate, 6 Morrison, but it“s Hawthorne who seems to brood over Paradise , 7 his mixed blessing of resonant archetypes and risible artificiality. 8 in The Blithedale Romance (based on Concord“s Brook Farm), a utopian experiment unrav
10、els; as in The Maypole of Merry Mount , puritanical elders squash a 9 community of dionysiac cultists. Ruby, it turns out, is run by “8-rocks“men with skin the color of 10 from deep in the mines, suspicious of those with lighter skin and 11 to do violence against any manifestation of “impurity“ and
11、“immorality.“ In the slam-bang opening 12 of Paradise , the men go gunning for houseful of women up the road whose only 13 in being witchy and matriarchal. But the pace picks up again. The novel“s overcrowding makes it feel 14 than it is: it slowly circles back to tell each of the women“s stories, a
12、nd to show how 15 proud, principled, churchonging men could neither keep the outside world from disrupting their community nor keep themselves from behaving eerily like their own nightmares of racist vigilantism.（分数：30.00）四、Section 3 Reading Co(总题数：2，分数：28.00)Who Needs Equality?For a few month last
13、year, it appeared as if a new wave of feminism was sweeping Japan, raising a clamorous challenge to age-old male authority. It began when housewives, engraved by a new tax, swarmed to political rallies, urging that a “voice from the kitchen“ reach the male-dominated government. Socialist Takako Doi,
14、 the first woman in Japanese history to lead a major political party, inspired an unprecedented number of women to run for the Diet“s upper house, and they grabbed a record number of seats. Prime Minister Sousuke Uno resigned in disgrace after a former geisha he had patronized broke her profession“s
15、 code of silence to denounce his as too small-minded a man to lead the country. His successor rushed to appoint two women to his Cabinet. The press seized upon the opportunity to rave about the dawning to Onna no Jidai (the Era of Women). But a year later, the dawn seems to have darkened. The women
16、Cabinet members have been replaced by men. The rallies have evaporated. Enthusiasts of Onna no Jidai , it seems, spoke too soon. Though Japanese women are among the best-educated women in the world, they are, by Western standards, second-class citizens in their own country. Traditional values discou
17、rage women from appearing outspoken or independent-minded and demoralize those who try to climb the political or business hierarchies. Only one-fourth of major Japanese corporations have any women at all in the middle-management or higher ranks. In government, women constitutes less than 1% of manag
18、ement-level bureaucrats and about 6% of the 764 Diet members. The average woman“s annual income amounts to only half that of a man“s. Why, then, aren“t Japanese women angry? Why aren“t they marching en masse for equality? Why didn“t they stoke the spark of Onna no Jidai ? The fact of the matter is t
19、hat equality with men is not a particularly appealing prospect to most Japanese women right now. Educated young women, those most likely to lead a revolution, tend to see their male peers as dull corporate drones. Women, meanwhile, with comparatively freer schedules, have more to cultivate their int
20、erests. Indeed, while a 1985 law bans sex discrimination and requires Japanese companies to offer females the same opportunities available to males, few women choose to apply for career-track jobs. Most opt to work as assistants to men. Typically, a woman will leave her job after the birth of her fi
21、rst child and later resume a part-time career or pursue hobbies or community work. Being a housewife is nothing to be ashamed of in Japan. Because most husbands leave their salaries and children entirely in the hands of their wives, women have wide-ranging responsibilities. It was not always thus. T
22、raditionally, wives and children blindly obeyed the father as ruler of the roost. But postwar economic growth toppled fathers from that lofty post by imposing longer work hours that kept them from home. At the same time, modem appliances freed women from household drudgery. “Housewives can pursue th
23、eir interests in a carefree manner, while men have to worry about supporting their wives and children,“ says Makiko Katagiri, 32, a college-educated housewife who plays volleyball once a week and runs the PTA at her children“s nursery school. The father“s status so declined that mental-health expert
24、s speak of a new male affliction: kitaku kyofu sho, or a “fear of returning home syndrome.“ A popular television commercial for an insecticide spray shows a father waking up one day to find he has turned into a cockroach. The ad warns housewives, “If you see a large cockroach, it might be your husba
25、nd. Please check before you exterminate.“ Even men will sometimes admit that their privilege status in society has a price. “Women know how to enjoy themselves more than men do,“ say a mid-level executive of a major Japanese auto company. “Men are too tired. We“re all about to collapse.“ ( Time , De
26、cember 3, 1990)（分数：12.00）(1).The main idea discussed in the first two paragraphs is that _.（分数：2.00）A.the new wave of feminism swept Japan, raising challenge to age-old male authority.B.women seized the opportunity of Onna no Jidai to get the position in the government.C.socialist Takakl Doi led a m
27、ajor party to inspire a great number of women to run for the Diet“s upper house.D.the feminism in Japan lasted about one year, but it seemed to have been down now.(2).From the passage, we can infer that the underlined word “Diet“ in paragraph 3 refers to _.（分数：2.00）A.a union in Japan, only with male
28、 membersB.the upper house of Japan, with limited women membersC.Japan“s parliament, with more than 90% male membersD.a country club, used to have women members(3).According to the passage, why “The fact of the matter is that equality with men is not a particularly appealing prospect to most Japanese
29、 women right now“?（分数：2.00）A.Because tide of feminism has declined, traditional value of male-authority is popular again.B.Because Japanese women have freer schedules, less work pressure than men, and nothing to be ashamed of being a housewife.C.Because the status of men has declined gradually, ther
30、efore the equality will be realized one day.D.Because Japanese women prefer to work as the assistants to men, blindly obey their husband as ruler of the root.(4).Which of the following is NOT true according to the information of passage?（分数：2.00）A.Prime Minister Sousuke Uno resigned because Socialis
31、t Takako Doi“s party grabbed a number of seats of Cabinet.B.Enthusiasts ofOnna no Jidaididn“t expect that the wave of feminism declined so fast just like it appeared.C.A typical Japanese woman tend to leave her job after giving birth her child, and being a full-time housewife.D.Japanese men carry su
32、ch longer work hours and more working pressure that they are at the verge of collapse.(5).It can be inferred from the passage that Japanese housewives are not traditional ones, not because _.（分数：2.00）A.they are well-educated and capable to get a good jobB.feminism and law give women the chance to be
33、 independentC.government allows more women to work in management levelD.modern appliances free women from household drudgery(6).Who does the author think needs equality? And why?（分数：2.00）A.Japanese women. Because they are second-citizens by Western standard.B.Japanese men. Because they have less fre
34、e time but more pressure.C.Traditional social value. Because it has conflicted with modern society.D.Mental and physical health. Because family burden are too heavy to carry.A dozen years ago, James Grantone of the wisest commentators on Wall Streetwrote a book called The Trouble with Prosperity . G
35、rant“s survey of financial history captured his crusty theory of economic predestination . If things seem splendid, they will get worse. Success inspires overconfidence and excess. If things seem dismal, they will get better. Crisis spawns opportunity and progress. Our triumphs and follies follow a
36、rhythm that, though it can be influenced, cannot be repealed. Good times breed bad, and vice versa. Bear that in mind. It provides context for today“s turmoil and recriminations. The recent astounding eventsthe government“s takeover of Fannie Mae and Freddie Mac, the Treasury“s investments in privat
37、e banks, the stock market“s wild swingshave thrust us into fierce debate. Has enough been done to protect the economy? Who or what caused this mess? We Americans want problems with instant solutions. We want victories and defeats with clear heroes and villains. We crave a world of crisp moral certit
38、udes, when the real world is awash with murky ambiguities. So it is now. Start with the immediate question: has enough been done? Well, enough for what? If the goal is to prevent a calamitous collapse of bank lending, the answer is probably “yes“. Last week, the government guaranteed most interbank
39、loans (loans among banks) and pressured nine major banks to accept $125 billion of added capital from the Treasury. Together, these steps make it easier for banks to borrow and lend. There“s less need to hoard cash. But if the goal is to inoculate us against recession and more financial turmoil, the
40、 answer is “no“. We“re probably already in recession. In September, retail sales dropped 1.2 percent. The housing collapse, higher oil prices (now receding), job losses and sagging stocks have battered confidence. Consumption spendsmore than two thirds of all spendingmay drop in the third quarter fo
41、r the first time since 1991. Loans are harder to get, because there“s been a “correction of lax lending standards,“ says financial consultant Bert Ely. Economist David Wyss of Standard and nervous international investors sell everywhere. Brazil“s market has lost about half its value in the past year
42、. In this fluid situation, one thing is predictable: the crisis will produce a cottage industry of academics, journalists, pundits, politicians and bloggers to assess blame. Is former Fed chairman Alan Greenspan responsible for holding interest rates too low and for not imposing tougher regulations
43、on mortgage lending? Would Clinton Treasury Secretary Robert Rubin have spotted the crisis sooner? Did Republican free-market ideologues leave greedy Wall Streets types too unregulated? Was Congress too permissive with Fannie Mac and Freddie Mac? Some stories are make-believe. After leaving governme
44、nt, Rubin landed at Citigroup as “senior counselor.“ He failed to identify toxic mortgage securities as a big problem in the bank“s own portfolio. It“s implausible to think he“d have done so in Washington. As recent investigative stories in the New York Times and The Washington Post show, the Clinto
45、n administration broadly supported the financial deregulation that Democrats are now so loudly denouncing. Greenspan is a harder case. His resistance to tougher regulation of mortgage lending is legitimately criticized, but the story of his low-interest rate policies is more complicated. True, the o
46、vernight fed-funds rate dropped to 1 percent in 2003 to offset the effects of the burst tech bubble and 9/11. Still. The Fed started raising rates in mid-2004. Unfortunately and surprisingly, long-term interest rates on mortgages (which are set by the market) didn“t follow. That undercut the Fed and
47、 is often attributed to a surge of cheap capital from China and Asia. There“s a broader lesson. When things go well, everyone wants to get on the bandwagon. Skeptics are regarded as fools. It“s hard for governmentor anyone elseto say, “Whoa, cowboys; this won“t last.“ In this respect, the tech bubbl
48、e and the housing bubble were identical twins. We suffer cycles of self-delusion, sometimes too giddy and sometimes too glum. The next recovery usually lies in the ruins of the last recession. As the housing boom strengthened, lenders overlent, builders overbuilt and buyers overpaid. Existing home p
49、rices rose 50 percent from 2000 to 2006. Lending standards weakened. Investment bankers packaged dubious loans in increasingly opaque securities. But bankersto their eventual regretkept many bad loans themselves. Almost everyone assumed that home prices would rise forever, so risks were minimal. Congress was complicit. It allowed Fannie and Freddie to operate with meager capital. They were, in effect, giant hedge funds backed by government congress also increased the share of their mortgages that had to go to lowand moderate-income buyers, form 40 percent in 1996 t
