1、翻译二级口译实务-34 及答案解析(总分：75.00，做题时间：90 分钟)一、BPart /B(总题数：2，分数：50.00)1.下面你将听到外国媒体有关中国能源形势的一段讲话。Tight electricity supply is constraining Chinas economic growtha situation likely to persist for three to four years until new capacity comes online. The energy shortfall has not yet severely hampered U.S. busi
2、ness operations in China, but this remains a distinct possibility. Shortages have now spread to two-thirds of Chinas provinces, affecting Beijing, Shanghai, Guangzhou, and other first-tier cities. Plants in Chinas manufacturing heartland, the Pearl River Basin and East China now experience frequent
3、mandatory shutdowns.Zhejiang and Jiangsu Provinces have imposed electricity rationing. Many plants have installed costly back-up diesel generators. Shanghais demand for electricity outstrips supply by two to four million kilowatts. The tight supply is causing price increases at the front end of the
4、manufacturing supply chain. High energy costs are a competitive disadvantage for China in the world marketplace. Quality, quantity, and security of supply also are essential for Chinas continued economic growth. Present restrictions on the direct sale of electricity, oil, and gas to industrial users
5、 promote inefficiency and non-competitiveness. Much of the current concern with the “overheating“ of Chinas economy has been driven by the fear that the energy supply is not keeping up with the development of major energy-consuming industries.Chinas rapid economic growth, especially in the construct
6、ion and manufacturing sectors, is behind the electricity shortage. Chinas energy industry has doubled in absolute terms during the last ten years, but such growth has been insufficient to meet demand. It takes five to seven years to design, construct, and commission a major thermal power plant, seve
7、n to ten years to explore and develop an oilfield, and five years to develop a coalmine. All require extremely large capital investment.Despite the fact that China has the worlds second largest coal reserves and worldwide coal and coke prices are at eight-year highs, supply has not been able to keep
8、 up with demand. Efforts to raise electricity production in the near term have been hampered by deficient railroad capacity, which has prevented coal from reaching power stations. While coal price cycles usually do not coincide with oil prices, current high prices in both commodities have supply str
9、aining to meet demand. While China only imported 0.6 percent of world oil supplies in 1995, it now imports 3 percent of the worlds oil. China, like the United States, is becoming increasingly vulnerable to disruptions in the worlds supply of oil. （分数：25.00）_2.下面你将听到的这段讲话，主题是香港廉政公署和国际刑警组织如何共同合作打击贪污。D
10、istinguished Guests, Ladies and Gentlemen,First of all, I wish to congratulate the Independent Commission Against Corruption (ICAC) and the Interpol on the success of this conference, a conference which has attracted over 500 delegates including anti-corruption experts, law enforcers, representative
11、s from world organizations, and financial institutions and academia from around the world. It is indeed a great honors for Hong Kong to co-host this global conference with the worlds preeminent organization.I would also like to extend my warmest welcome to all our participants, who come from all ove
12、r the world and yet share a commitment to the same cause. The participation of 65 law enforcement agencies from more than 59 jurisdictions and eight international organizations in this conference reflects a truly global partnership in fighting corruption.Corruption is a social crime. Its adverse eff
13、ects on a society can be very significant if left unchecked. It can erode the rule of law, undermine the efficiency of governments, stifle economic development, and in some cases may trigger social and political unrest.With accelerated economic globalization and rapid advances in technology, corrupt
14、ion to- day transcends national boundaries, and has taken on a new dimension. It has become a means to facilitate and perpetuate syndicated crimes, including international money laundering schemes, massive commercial fraud seams, cross-border drug trafficking, smuggling of human beings and many othe
15、r serious crimes.To tackle corruption as a global issue and a cross-border crime, we need a global approach and a border-less alliance. Hong Kongs ICAC and Interpol have built up a very solid relation- ship over the years to combat corruption through the promotion of international co-operation and s
16、trategic alliance.Hong Kong is a premier international financial center and is widely recognised as one of the most competitive and freest economies in the world. Among the many fundamental strengths that Hong Kong possesses, I am particularly proud that we are rated as one of the least corrupt plac
17、es in the world.Despite these achievements, there is no room for complacency. At the moment, we are facing tremendous challenges as our economy grapples with restructuring.This conference provides a valuable forum for all participants to share experiences and to exchange ideas and initiatives for ta
18、ckling corruption. I am sure everyone here will benefit in one way or another.Ladies and Gentlemen,I now declare the Conference open, and wish you a fruitful and very memorable stay in Hong Kong.Thank you. （分数：25.00）_二、BPart /B(总题数：2，分数：25.00)3.下面你将听到一段有关云南少数民族情况介绍的讲话。文山壮族苗族自治州位于云南省东南部，东与广西相连，南与越南接壤
19、，边境线长达 438 公里，总面积 3万多平方公里，和海南省差不多。文山州有悠久的历史，境内发现过古人类牙齿化石，说明远古时期就有人类在此生息、劳动。文山州物产丰富，矿业开发前景良好，土特产品久负盛名，三七种植面积和产量均占全国 85%以上。文山州居住着汉、壮、苗、瑶、彝、回、布依、傣、白、蒙古、仡佬等 11 个民族的 327 万人。在“九五”期间，在党中央、国务院的关怀下，在云南省委、省政府的领导下，州委、州政府团结带领全州各族人民认真贯彻改革开放方针，大力发展经济，改善人民生活，圆满完成“九五”计划的目标，民族团结，社会稳定，经济高速增长，是自治州成立以来社会经济发展最快的时期。2001
20、年经济继续保持良好发展，为“十五”计划开了个好头。一是国民经济总产值增长 93%，占全省第二位；二是基础设施建设取得重大突破，完成一大批公路建设项目；三是产业结构由上年的 38:25:37 调整为 36:26:38；四是对外开放迈出新的步伐，成功举办了第三届特产文化节，塑造了文山新形象；五是扶贫开发成绩突出，2001 年又解决了 33 万贫困人口的基本温饱，农民人均年收入达 763 元。 （分数：25.00）_4.1986 年全国人大常委会副委员长班禅喇嘛在西康地区大法会上教诲信徒们，要爱惜民族团结，维护祖国统一。在中国，公民的信仰自由受到法律保护。目前全西藏在寺僧尼约有 14,000 多人，
21、另有 800 位宗教界人士在各级人大、政协、佛教协会和政府部门中工作。据不完全统计，从 1978 年以来，中央和地方政府共投资 2,000 多万元人民币，在西藏修复了 200 多座寺庙和 700 多所佛堂，使藏族同胞的正常宗教活动得到保证。藏族是一个历史悠久，文化发达的民族。作为一个全民信教的民族，藏族的文化又总是与宗教保持着千丝万缕的联系。宗教活动中有艺术形式，艺术活动中有宗教因素，两者谁也离不开谁。参考译文及综合解析 _翻译二级口译实务-34 答案解析(总分：75.00，做题时间：90 分钟)一、BPart /B(总题数：2，分数：50.00)1.下面你将听到外国媒体有关中国能源形势的一段
22、讲话。Tight electricity supply is constraining Chinas economic growtha situation likely to persist for three to four years until new capacity comes online. The energy shortfall has not yet severely hampered U.S. business operations in China, but this remains a distinct possibility. Shortages have now s
23、pread to two-thirds of Chinas provinces, affecting Beijing, Shanghai, Guangzhou, and other first-tier cities. Plants in Chinas manufacturing heartland, the Pearl River Basin and East China now experience frequent mandatory shutdowns.Zhejiang and Jiangsu Provinces have imposed electricity rationing.
24、Many plants have installed costly back-up diesel generators. Shanghais demand for electricity outstrips supply by two to four million kilowatts. The tight supply is causing price increases at the front end of the manufacturing supply chain. High energy costs are a competitive disadvantage for China
25、in the world marketplace. Quality, quantity, and security of supply also are essential for Chinas continued economic growth. Present restrictions on the direct sale of electricity, oil, and gas to industrial users promote inefficiency and non-competitiveness. Much of the current concern with the “ov
26、erheating“ of Chinas economy has been driven by the fear that the energy supply is not keeping up with the development of major energy-consuming industries.Chinas rapid economic growth, especially in the construction and manufacturing sectors, is behind the electricity shortage. Chinas energy indust
27、ry has doubled in absolute terms during the last ten years, but such growth has been insufficient to meet demand. It takes five to seven years to design, construct, and commission a major thermal power plant, seven to ten years to explore and develop an oilfield, and five years to develop a coalmine
28、. All require extremely large capital investment.Despite the fact that China has the worlds second largest coal reserves and worldwide coal and coke prices are at eight-year highs, supply has not been able to keep up with demand. Efforts to raise electricity production in the near term have been ham
29、pered by deficient railroad capacity, which has prevented coal from reaching power stations. While coal price cycles usually do not coincide with oil prices, current high prices in both commodities have supply straining to meet demand. While China only imported 0.6 percent of world oil supplies in 1
30、995, it now imports 3 percent of the worlds oil. China, like the United States, is becoming increasingly vulnerable to disruptions in the worlds supply of oil. （分数：25.00）_正确答案：(供电紧张正在制约中国的经济增长，这种情况有可能还要持续三四年，直至新的发电厂投产运营。虽然能源短缺尚未严重影响美国企业在中国的运营，这种可能性显然存在。电力短缺已蔓延到中国三分之二的省市，影响到北京、上海、广州和其他一级城市。位于中国制造业中心的
31、珠江三角洲和华东的厂家正频繁遭遇拉闸限电。 浙江和江苏两省则开始实行配额供电。不少工厂安装了昴贵的应急柴油发电机。上海市的电力缺口已达 200-400 万千瓦。供电紧张引起制造业供应链上游价格上涨。高成本能源已成为中国在全球市场竞争中的一个劣势，而能源的质量、数量和供应安全对中国经济的持续增长至关重要。 目前国家限制直接向工业用户出售电力、原油和天然气的作法降低了效率和竞争力。而人们对中国“经济过热”的关注很大程度上是由于担心能源不能满足主要耗能产业的发展。 中国经济的高速发展，尤其是建筑业和制造业的高速发展是电力短缺的原因所在。按绝对数字衡量，中国的能源工业较十年前翻了一番，但仍然无法满足需
32、求。设计、建设和投产一个大型热力发电厂要 5-7 年时间，勘探和开发一个油田要 7-10 年时间，开发一个煤矿则需要 5 年时间，而且都需要巨额的投资。 尽管中国拥有世界第二大煤炭储量，而全球煤炭和焦碳的价格正处在 8 年来的新高，中国的能源供应仍未能满足需求。铁路向电厂输送燃煤的运力不是也影响到短期内提高电力生产的努力。通常，煤炭和石油的价格涨落周期不同，但目前这两种商品的价格都居高不下，使供应很难满足需求。1995 年中国石油进口仅占全球石油供应量的 0.6%，现在这一比例已增至 3%。和美国一样，中国也日益受到世界石油市场动荡的影响。)解析：解析 本文主要讨论中国的能源形势。文章通过具体
33、事例说明中国的电力供应情况不容乐观，并深入分析了电力紧张的原因。 本文要求考查应试者对中国电力方面基本知识的掌握情况，包括某些专门用语、具有中国特色的表达、专有名词等的掌握情况，以确定其翻译的基本素质；在此基础上，应试者还要在相当短的时间内对长难句理解并准确完整地翻译；对某些短语和单词确切理解其含义并能理解其在上下文语境中的确切用法，使全文的翻译不仅准确完整，而且符合本族语的语言习惯。 B基本素质采分点/B 1energy shortfall 能源短缺 2first-tier cities 一级城市 3Pearl River Basin 珠江三角洲 4kilowatt 千瓦 5mandator
34、y shutdown 拉闸限电 6electricity rationing 配额供电 B结构理解采分点/B 1Tight electricity supply is constraining Chinas economic growtha situation likely to persist for three to four years until new capacity comes online 该句是简单句，破折号后面的名词性短语部分修饰该符号前的句子主干成分。该句可按中文句特点按自然顺序拆成两个中文句，破折号后面部分自成一句，但注意其中表抽象的单词 capacity 应根据上下文
35、具体化为发电厂，因此，原句可译为“供电紧张正在制约中国的经济增长，这种情况有可能还要持续三四年，直至新的发电厂投产运营。” 2Present restrictions on the direct sale of electricity, oil, and gas to industrial users promote inefficiency and non-competitiveness 该句可根据原文自然语法顺序翻译，但需根据汉语惯用法，采取反语表达，如将 promote，inefficiency和 non-competitiveness 反译，使整个译文通顺流畅。因此，原句可译为“目前国
36、家限制直接向工业用户出售电力、原油和天然气的作法降低了效率和竞争力。” 3Much of the current concern with the “overheating“ of Chinas economy has been driven by the fear that the energy supply is not keeping up with the development of major energyconsuming industries 该句可按其正常语法结构顺序翻译，但要注意句中 be driven by(为所驱动)实际上表原因，这可以在译文中体现。因此，原句可译为“而
37、人们对中国经济过热的关注很大程度上是由于担心能源不能满足主要耗能产业的发展。” 4It takes five to seven years to design, construct, and commission a major thermal power plant, seven to ten years to explore and develop an oilfield, and five years to develop a coalmine. All require extremely large capital investment 该句主要结构是 It takes+时间+to d
38、o，翻译按套路译便可，需要注意的是要正确理解并翻译文中的动词。因此，原句可译为“设计、建设和投产一个大型热力发电厂要 5-7 年时间，勘探和开发一个油田要 7-10 年时间，开发一个煤矿则需要 5 年时间，而且都需要巨额的投资。” 5China, like the United States, is becoming increasingly vulnerable to disruptions in the worlds supply of oil 本句译文要求按汉语习惯，先表达次要部分，再传递主要部分的含义，因此需要重组原句句子结构。原句可译为“和美国一样，中国也日益受到世界石油市场动荡的影
39、响。” B言语表达采分点/B 1come online 投产运营 2hamper 防碍 3back-up diesel generator 应急柴油发电机 4outstrip 超过，超越(文中在上下文背景下译作名词“缺口”) 5be behind. 是的原因所在 6commission 投产 7coal reserves 煤炭储量 8in the near term 短期内 9coincide with 与吻合 10straining 压力2.下面你将听到的这段讲话，主题是香港廉政公署和国际刑警组织如何共同合作打击贪污。Distinguished Guests, Ladies and Gent
40、lemen,First of all, I wish to congratulate the Independent Commission Against Corruption (ICAC) and the Interpol on the success of this conference, a conference which has attracted over 500 delegates including anti-corruption experts, law enforcers, representatives from world organizations, and fina
41、ncial institutions and academia from around the world. It is indeed a great honors for Hong Kong to co-host this global conference with the worlds preeminent organization.I would also like to extend my warmest welcome to all our participants, who come from all over the world and yet share a commitme
42、nt to the same cause. The participation of 65 law enforcement agencies from more than 59 jurisdictions and eight international organizations in this conference reflects a truly global partnership in fighting corruption.Corruption is a social crime. Its adverse effects on a society can be very signif
43、icant if left unchecked. It can erode the rule of law, undermine the efficiency of governments, stifle economic development, and in some cases may trigger social and political unrest.With accelerated economic globalization and rapid advances in technology, corruption to- day transcends national boun
44、daries, and has taken on a new dimension. It has become a means to facilitate and perpetuate syndicated crimes, including international money laundering schemes, massive commercial fraud seams, cross-border drug trafficking, smuggling of human beings and many other serious crimes.To tackle corruptio
45、n as a global issue and a cross-border crime, we need a global approach and a border-less alliance. Hong Kongs ICAC and Interpol have built up a very solid relation- ship over the years to combat corruption through the promotion of international co-operation and strategic alliance.Hong Kong is a pre
46、mier international financial center and is widely recognised as one of the most competitive and freest economies in the world. Among the many fundamental strengths that Hong Kong possesses, I am particularly proud that we are rated as one of the least corrupt places in the world.Despite these achiev
47、ements, there is no room for complacency. At the moment, we are facing tremendous challenges as our economy grapples with restructuring.This conference provides a valuable forum for all participants to share experiences and to exchange ideas and initiatives for tackling corruption. I am sure everyone here will benefit in one way or another.Ladies and Gentlemen,I now declare the Conference open, and wish you a fruitful and very memorable stay in Hong Kong.Thank you. （分数：25.00）_正确答案：(尊敬的各位来宾，女士们，先生们， 首先，我祝贺香港廉政公署和国际刑警组织成功举办此次会议。此次会议吸引了来自全球的 5
