1、翻译二级口译实务-32 及答案解析(总分：150.00，做题时间：90 分钟)一、BPart /B(总题数：2，分数：50.00)1.BPassage 2/BIt stands to reason that for an organization to act intelligently, first and foremost, it must have a clear and unambiguous sense of purpose.The leaders of the enterprise have to provide direction or a sense of destiny be
2、fore they can harness the collective talents and skills of everyone to move forward. And unless that reason for existing resonates with the rank-and-file, not much forward momentum will be created.An organizations sense of purpose has three distinct elements:First, a sound strategic concept which de
3、tails why the organization has been formed and what it is hoped it will achieve. This may be articulated in a succinct and applicable mission statement.For example, Disneys strategic concept is “to deliver a rich customer experience which is full of fun and fantasy delivered in a theatrical environm
4、ent“.To retain its relevance, the strategic concept should be systematically evaluated each year and updated to reflect new trends, threats or opportunities.Second, a workable value proposition by which the organization will convert the value it adds for customers into revenue. The value proposition
5、 is the organizations promise to the marketplace.Third, a good business model which will provide the infrastructure by which the value proposition will be executed week-in and week-out.In an organization where these three elements are under constant evaluation and discussion, the leaders are able to
6、 respond to the evolving business environment appropriately.In practice, strategic vision is the capacity of an organizations leaders to create, evolve and express the purpose of the business enterprise. If the leaders are incapable of evolving that business concept over time, the organization will
7、drift from one idea to the next.Conversely, strong leaders will have a vibrant and robust strategic concept in place, value proposition and business model. They will bring to the task what can be termed “bifocal vision“, that is, strong leaders will have the capacity to respond to the challenges of
8、the present without losing sight of where the organization needs to be heading in the future. （分数：25.00）_2.Passage 1下面你将听到一段有关非洲粮食安全问题的讲话。 I am pleased to welcome you to the United Nations for this first meeting of your contact group.Your focus on food security in Africa comes at a crucial time. The
9、 latest food crisis on the continent has brought home to us, more than ever before, the urgent need for a strategy to break the pattern of recurrent crises and bring about a Green Revolution in Africa. But achieving this will require radical approaches on multiple fronts.Africa has faced food crises
10、 in the past; it has faced deadly diseases; it has struggled to come to terms with governance challenges in states with limited capacity and resources.But rarely has the continent had to face the kind of intersecting challenges we see today. Today, Africa faces a deadly triad of related burdens food
11、 insecurity, HIV/AIDS and an emaciated capacity to govern and provide services.We cannot freed viable solutions to the challenge of food security unless we address the challenges of AIDS and governance at the same time.Food insecurity in Africa has structural causes. Most African farmers farm small
12、plots of land that do not produce enough to meet the needs of their families. The problem is compounded by the farmers lack of bargaining power and lack of access to land, finance and technology.This further weakens farmers ability to withstand the impact of recurrent drought and the growing HIV/AID
13、S epidemic.Thirty million Africans now live with HIV, and the continent has borne the brunt of more than 20 million AIDS deaths worldwide. In some areas of Africa, more than 40 percent of the population is HIV-positive, and similar proportions are going hungry.The devastating impact of HIV/AIDS on f
14、ood production with seven million African farmers already dead - is only too obvious. Infection rates are rising among African women. The latest figures show that women make up 58 percent of Africans already infected.Because of AIDS, skills and knowledge are dying out rather than being passed from o
15、ne generation to the next. Both at the household level and the government level, resources are being diverted from food production to health care. In turn, food shortages fuel the disease, through malnutrition, poverty and inequality.Clearly, breaking this destructive cycle poses a huge challenge to
16、 governance. It will re- quire strong institutions, improved skills and innovative policies. But in an irony so typical of the age of AIDS, Africas ability to govern and to provide services is itself being stretched to breaking point by the disease.This interlocking set of issues facing Africa is fa
17、r greater than the sum of its parts. Ad- dressing the issue I have raised requires a new, integrated response from both the Governments of Africa and the international community. It requires a shift from short-term approaches to a reassessment of our entire strategy for development or, taking long-t
18、erm measures even when addressing short-term emergencies.Ladies and gentlemen,The United Nations family is already joining forces to mount the coordinated effort needed. I hope you will work across the board with us, and with the Governments of Africa, in developing the range of revolutionary approa
19、ches we need to tackle the deadly triad and break the pattern of food crises in Africa.I opened my remarks with a message of despair; let me close with one hope. Yes, this is an unprecedented set of challenges. But your presence here today tells me that we have unprecedented consensus on the need to
20、 confront them. Together, we must mobilize the political will to succeed.Thank you very much. （分数：25.00）_二、BPart /B(总题数：2，分数：100.00)3.BPassage 1/B女士们、先生们：我非常高兴能利用英中贸协年会的机会向英国工商界朋友们致以诚挚的问候。多年来，英中贸协一直关心和支持中英关系发展，是堪称两国友好交流的桥梁和互利合作的纽带。在此，我谨对英中贸协及诸位长期为促进中英经贸合作所做的不懈努力和杰出贡献表示感谢，对此次大会的召开表示热烈的祝贺。十六大以来，我们继续坚持
21、以经济建设为中心，坚持改革开放，各项工作都有条不紊地向前推进。但是，突如其来在中国一些地方发生了“非典”疫情。这是一种尚未被人类全面认识的新型传染病，要有效控制并消除疫情需要有一个过程。中国政府是负责任的政府，始终把人民的身体健康和生命安全放在第一位。我们采取了果断措施，完善应急机制和社会救助机制，依靠科学，依靠群众在全国开展了一场预防“非典”的攻坚战。尽管任务非常艰巨，但我们有决心打赢这一仗。中国人民抗击“非典”的斗争赢得了国际社会的广泛同情和支持。不久前，英政府决定向中国提供 500 万美元的援助，体现了英国人民对中国人民的深情厚谊。中国有句老话，“患难见真情”，英方的友好举措博得了中国人
22、民的高度评价与赞赏。英国医疗科技发达，研发实力雄厚，在传染病的防治等方面积累了不少有益经验，我们愿学习借鉴并开展合作。中华民族是在逆境中自强奋斗的民族，中国政府是勇于面对困难的政府。我们深信，中国人民在国际社会的支持下，经过不懈努力，一定能够驱散疫病的阴霾，迎来更大的繁荣和发展。 （分数：50.00）_4.BPassage 2/B1986 年全国人大常委会副委员长班禅喇嘛在西康地区大法会上教诲信徒们，要爱惜民族团结，维护祖国统一。在中国，公民的信仰自由受到法律保护。目前全西藏在寺僧尼约有 14,000 多人，另有 800 位宗教界人士在各级人大、政协、佛教协会和政府部门中工作。据不完全统计，从
23、 1978 年以来，中央和地方政府共投资 2,000 多万元人民币，在西藏修复了 200 多座寺庙和 700 多所佛堂，使藏族同胞的正常宗教活动得到保证。藏族是一个历史悠久，文化发达的民族。作为一个全民信教的民族，藏族的文化又总是与宗教保持着千丝万缕的联系。宗教活动中有艺术形式，艺术活动中有宗教因素，两者谁也离不开谁。 （分数：50.00）_翻译二级口译实务-32 答案解析(总分：150.00，做题时间：90 分钟)一、BPart /B(总题数：2，分数：50.00)1.BPassage 2/BIt stands to reason that for an organization to ac
24、t intelligently, first and foremost, it must have a clear and unambiguous sense of purpose.The leaders of the enterprise have to provide direction or a sense of destiny before they can harness the collective talents and skills of everyone to move forward. And unless that reason for existing resonate
25、s with the rank-and-file, not much forward momentum will be created.An organizations sense of purpose has three distinct elements:First, a sound strategic concept which details why the organization has been formed and what it is hoped it will achieve. This may be articulated in a succinct and applic
26、able mission statement.For example, Disneys strategic concept is “to deliver a rich customer experience which is full of fun and fantasy delivered in a theatrical environment“.To retain its relevance, the strategic concept should be systematically evaluated each year and updated to reflect new trend
27、s, threats or opportunities.Second, a workable value proposition by which the organization will convert the value it adds for customers into revenue. The value proposition is the organizations promise to the marketplace.Third, a good business model which will provide the infrastructure by which the
28、value proposition will be executed week-in and week-out.In an organization where these three elements are under constant evaluation and discussion, the leaders are able to respond to the evolving business environment appropriately.In practice, strategic vision is the capacity of an organizations lea
29、ders to create, evolve and express the purpose of the business enterprise. If the leaders are incapable of evolving that business concept over time, the organization will drift from one idea to the next.Conversely, strong leaders will have a vibrant and robust strategic concept in place, value propo
30、sition and business model. They will bring to the task what can be termed “bifocal vision“, that is, strong leaders will have the capacity to respond to the challenges of the present without losing sight of where the organization needs to be heading in the future. （分数：25.00）_正确答案：(显然，一个企业若要精明地运作，首先必
31、须有一个明确而清晰的目标。 企业领导人要指出企业的方向或命运所在，才能调动并利用好众人的智慧和才能，不断前进。企业为生存而遵循的理念除非与普通员工产生共鸣，否则很难创造强劲的上升势头。 一个企业的目标，包含下列三大要素： 第一，健全的战略理念，用于详述企业成立的宗旨和期望达到的目标。可以是一句简练、适用性强的使命宣言。 例如，迪斯尼的战略理是“为顾客提供在戏剧性的环境中才能体验得到的、充满乐趣和幻想的丰富经历”。 为了切合实际，每年都应该对战略性理念进行系统的评估和更新，以使其反映新的趋势，新的挑战或新的机会。 第二，切实可行的价值主张，通过价值主张，企业把为顾客创造的价值转变成收益。价值主张
32、是一个企业对市场所做的承诺。 第三，良好的商业模式，为价值主张的实现，提供日常可实施的框架。 一个企业如果经常对上述三大要素进行评估和讨论，其领导就能及时应对不断发生变化的企业环境。 在实践中，战略眼光指的是一个企业领导人创造、发展与表述企业理念的能力。如果领导人不能随着时间的推移而发展其商业理念，其企业就会随波逐流，无所适从。 相反，强有力的领导人会确立有活力的、健全的战略理念、价值主张和商业模式。他们的“双重”视野使其既能看到近期，又能考虑到未来。换言之，强有力的领导人有能力在应对当前挑战的同时，不失去对企业未来走向的判断。)解析：解析 本文是一段有关企业管理的讲话。文中主要介绍了企业目标
33、的重要性以及目标的三大要素：战略理念、价值主张、商业模式，并对这三大要素做出具体解释。同时还指出了企业领导人的战略眼光和魄力的重要性。 本文要求应试者掌握一定的经济管理常识，要对经济管理的相关专门词汇和表达方式有一定的了解，这依赖于应试者平时的知识积累，是翻译的基本要求。此外，应试者还需要在短时间内，对长难句进行正确的理解、分析、简化或切分，把握好两种语言各自特色，完成双语间的转换；对于一些较为生僻的短语和表达法，不能死译、硬译，而应该充分联系上下文灵活变通，使译文通顺流畅。 基本素质采分点 以下单词或短语是本文所要考查的基础知识点，涉及相关知识领域的专有名词和一些惯用表达法，是应试者理解和翻
34、译的基础。 1rank-and-file 普通员工 2strategic concept 战略理念 3value proposition 价值主张 4business model 商业模式 5strategic vision 战略眼光 结构理解采分点 下面是本文中出现的长难句，要求应试者在听的过程中理解并分析出句子所包含的意群之间的逻辑关系，尊重目的语特点，将原文转换成通顺、地道的目的语。在转换的过程中，应试者需要完成诸如语序调整、词类转换、语态转换等翻译过程。 1And unless that reason for existing resonates with the rank-and-f
35、ile, not much forward momentum will be created. 原句包含一个由“unless”引导的条件从句，加上后面主句中的否定意义，使得整个句子成为双重否定，其目的在于强调。原文主句使用被动语态，翻译时调整为主动语态更符合汉语的行文特点。 2A sound strategic concept which details why the organization has been formed and what it is hoped it will achieve. 原句中的“which”引导的是非限定关系从句修饰“concept”，从句中又包含两个以疑问词
36、引导的宾语从句，一个由“why”引导，一个由“what”引导。翻译时，联系上下文，发现非限定关系从句可以承接上文的主语，翻译为无主句即可；后面的“why”和“what”可以翻译成以“宗旨”和“目标”为核心的两个名词词组。3To deliver a rich customer experience which is full of fun and fantasy delivered in a theatrical environment. 原句包含一个由“which”引导的关系从句，修饰“experience”，后面又有一个“delivered”引导的过去分词结构，修饰“fun and fant
37、asy”。翻译时，将名词的修饰成分变成短语，按照内在顺序放在所修饰成分之前。 4In an organization where these three elements are under constant evaluation and discussion, the leaders are able to respond to the evolving business environment appropriately. 原句主句是逗号后面的部分，而其前面是一个介词短语作状语，其中的介词宾语带有一个关系从句，表达一种条件关系，翻译时将这种关系明确出来，将其放在先行词后即可。 5They
38、will bring to the task what can be termed “bifocal vision“, that is, strong leaders will have the capacity to respond to the challenges of the present without losing sight of where the organization needs to be heading in the future. 原句破折号前面的部分是句子的主干，后面的部分从“that is”来看，是对前面整句话的进一步解释。句子主干中包含一个由“what”引导
39、的“bring”的宾语从句，可以翻译成一个汉语词组；后面的从句中包含一个复杂的由介词短语组成的状语，由于状语比较复杂，翻译时可以用逗号将其与主干隔开。 言语表达采分点 应试者不仅需要从宏观上整体把握原文的结构和意思，还需要从微观上正确理解和运用一些重要词汇和表达法。 1first and foremost 首先 2a sense of 重视 3sound 健全的 4mission statement 使命宣言 5convert. into 把转换成 6infrastructure 框架 7under constant evaluation and discussion 经常对进行评估和讨论 8
40、drift from one idea to the next 随波逐流，无所适从 9“bifocal vision“ “双重”视野 10lose sight of 失去对的判断2.Passage 1下面你将听到一段有关非洲粮食安全问题的讲话。 I am pleased to welcome you to the United Nations for this first meeting of your contact group.Your focus on food security in Africa comes at a crucial time. The latest food cri
41、sis on the continent has brought home to us, more than ever before, the urgent need for a strategy to break the pattern of recurrent crises and bring about a Green Revolution in Africa. But achieving this will require radical approaches on multiple fronts.Africa has faced food crises in the past; it
42、 has faced deadly diseases; it has struggled to come to terms with governance challenges in states with limited capacity and resources.But rarely has the continent had to face the kind of intersecting challenges we see today. Today, Africa faces a deadly triad of related burdens food insecurity, HIV
43、/AIDS and an emaciated capacity to govern and provide services.We cannot freed viable solutions to the challenge of food security unless we address the challenges of AIDS and governance at the same time.Food insecurity in Africa has structural causes. Most African farmers farm small plots of land th
44、at do not produce enough to meet the needs of their families. The problem is compounded by the farmers lack of bargaining power and lack of access to land, finance and technology.This further weakens farmers ability to withstand the impact of recurrent drought and the growing HIV/AIDS epidemic.Thirt
45、y million Africans now live with HIV, and the continent has borne the brunt of more than 20 million AIDS deaths worldwide. In some areas of Africa, more than 40 percent of the population is HIV-positive, and similar proportions are going hungry.The devastating impact of HIV/AIDS on food production w
46、ith seven million African farmers already dead - is only too obvious. Infection rates are rising among African women. The latest figures show that women make up 58 percent of Africans already infected.Because of AIDS, skills and knowledge are dying out rather than being passed from one generation to
47、 the next. Both at the household level and the government level, resources are being diverted from food production to health care. In turn, food shortages fuel the disease, through malnutrition, poverty and inequality.Clearly, breaking this destructive cycle poses a huge challenge to governance. It
48、will re- quire strong institutions, improved skills and innovative policies. But in an irony so typical of the age of AIDS, Africas ability to govern and to provide services is itself being stretched to breaking point by the disease.This interlocking set of issues facing Africa is far greater than the sum of its parts. Ad- dressing the i
