1、翻译三级口译实务模拟 18 及答案解析(总分：59.00，做题时间：90 分钟)一、Part (总题数：1，分数：20.00)1.Reporter: Mr.Vice Minister,could you briefus on Shanghai“s applying to host the 2010 World Exposition? 王：实际上并不是上海在申办，而是中国政府在申办。国际社会普遍认为世博会是经济、文化和科学领域内的奥林匹克。世博会向各地人民提供一个相识、共享和交朋友的机会，在这里各种新思想和新概念得到传播、 发展和应用，从而提高人民的生活水平。 Reporter: Then，do
2、 you think conditions are now ripe for China to apply? 王：中国一直是在积极参与在世界各地举办的世博会的活动。如今中国经济快速发展，我们申办不光是为了推动世博会的发展，也是为了促进中国人民和全世界人民的相互了解，增强合作和交流。 Reporter: I“ve just read an article in the New York Times that says“Shanghai is bull dozing away its past”，meaning that skyscrapers are replacing the old hous
3、es in order to turn the city into a modern oneThe criticism is that the city“s modernization is at the expense of the destruction of its cultural relicsHow would you react to that? 王：我们中国人和外国游客都认为上海是东西方文化的结合体。20 年来上海经济迅猛发展，但与此同时，我们恢复了上 海很多的历史遗迹，他们得到了更好的保护。你要是看一看上海市政府提出的申办主题就会明白，我们的目的是既要引进和发展现代的东西，同时
4、又要保持这个城市的传 统文化特点。 （分数：20.00）_二、Part (总题数：1，分数：-1.00)2.On August 31, 1997, Lady Diana Spencer, former wife of Charles, Prince of Wales, was killed with her companion Dodi Fayed in a car accident in Paris. Tests conducted by French police indicated that the driver, who also died in the crash, was into
5、xicated and likely caused the accident while trying to escape the paparazzi photographers who consistently tailed Diana during any public outing. Sixteen years earlier, nearly four billion people in 74 countries had tuned in to witness the marriage of Prince Charles, heir to the British throne, to L
6、ady Diana, a young English school teacher. Married in a grand ceremony at St Paul“s Cathedral in the presence of 2,650 guests, the couple“s romance was for the moment the envy of the world. However, before long the fairy-tale couple grew apart, an experience that was particularly painful under the u
7、biquitous eyes of the world“s tabloid media. In August 1996, two months after Queen Elizabeth II urged the couple to divorce, the prince and princess reached a final agreement. In exchange for a generous settlement, and the right to retain her apartments at Kensington Palace and her title of princes
8、s, Diana agreed to relinquish the title of “Her Royal Highness“ and any future claims to the British throne. In the year between the divorce and her fatal car accident, the popular princess seemed well on her way of achieving her dream of becoming “a queen in people“s hearts.“ （分数：-1.00）_三、Part (总题数
9、：1，分数：40.00)3.女士们、先生们! 这是我第三次访问非洲。非洲自然资源丰富，发展潜力巨大。尽管经历了数百年的殖民统治和掠夺，尽管现在还面临着不少困难和挑战，但非洲人民勤劳勇敢、不畏艰难、勇于进取，给我们留下了深刻印象。时代在发展，非洲在进步。我们高兴地看到，经过几代人的奋斗，非洲大陆完成了非殖民化进程，废除了种族隔离制度，对人类文明进步做出了巨大贡献。经过几十年的不懈努力，非洲的和平与发展事业取得了积极进展。近年来，非洲致力于解决地区冲突，总体形势趋向稳定。非洲各国以经济建设、摆脱贫困和改善民生为首要任务，积极探索适合本国国情的发展道路，全非经济连续九年保持增长。非洲在国际社会的帮助
10、下，着力兴办教育，注重培养人才，努力解决艾滋病等社会问题。非洲国家同其他发展中国家携手推动南南合作，在国际事务中发挥着积极作用。中国政府和人民对非洲取得的每一项成就都由衷地感到高兴。我们相信在非洲各国政府和人民的不懈努力和国际社会的支持下，非洲的振兴一定会实现。 （分数：40.00）_翻译三级口译实务模拟 18 答案解析(总分：59.00，做题时间：90 分钟)一、Part (总题数：1，分数：20.00)1.Reporter: Mr.Vice Minister,could you briefus on Shanghai“s applying to host the 2010 World Ex
11、position? 王：实际上并不是上海在申办，而是中国政府在申办。国际社会普遍认为世博会是经济、文化和科学领域内的奥林匹克。世博会向各地人民提供一个相识、共享和交朋友的机会，在这里各种新思想和新概念得到传播、 发展和应用，从而提高人民的生活水平。 Reporter: Then，do you think conditions are now ripe for China to apply? 王：中国一直是在积极参与在世界各地举办的世博会的活动。如今中国经济快速发展，我们申办不光是为了推动世博会的发展，也是为了促进中国人民和全世界人民的相互了解，增强合作和交流。 Reporter: I“ve j
12、ust read an article in the New York Times that says“Shanghai is bull dozing away its past”，meaning that skyscrapers are replacing the old houses in order to turn the city into a modern oneThe criticism is that the city“s modernization is at the expense of the destruction of its cultural relicsHow wo
13、uld you react to that? 王：我们中国人和外国游客都认为上海是东西方文化的结合体。20 年来上海经济迅猛发展，但与此同时，我们恢复了上 海很多的历史遗迹，他们得到了更好的保护。你要是看一看上海市政府提出的申办主题就会明白，我们的目的是既要引进和发展现代的东西，同时又要保持这个城市的传 统文化特点。 （分数：20.00）_正确答案：()解析：Reporter：副部长先生，您能否简单介绍一下上海申办 2010 年世界博览会的情况? 王：Actually,it“s not Shanghai that is applying，but the Chinese governmentIt
14、 has been widely accepted by the international community that the World Exposition is；the Olympics ofeconomy，culture，science and technologyIt provides an opportunivy for people from different places to meet，to share and to make friendsIt is also an important place for new ideas and new concepts to s
15、pread，grow and be applied to improve people“s living standards Reporter：那您认为中国现在申办条件成熟了吗? 王：China has been actively participating in different events ofthe World Expo wherever it has been heldNow that China is enjoying fast economic growth，we want to host this event not only to boost the World Expo，
16、but also to further enhance the under- standing between the Chinese people and people all over the world and to strengthen the cooperative exchanges between China and other countries Reporter：我刚刚看到纽约时报上一篇文章说，“上海的历史正在被推土机推掉”，说的是上海为了建设现代化城市，老房子统统被推倒，被高楼大厦取而代之。文章批评上海的现代化进程正在以破坏它的文化遗产为代价。您怎么看这个批评? 王：Sha
17、nghai is a place where both Chinese and foreign can see the reflection of culture not just of the East but also of the WestIt is true that Shanghai has achieved tre- mendous economic growth over the last 20 yearsBut many of the city“s historical sites have still been restored and preserved with care
18、If you look at the themes proposed by the Shanghai municipal government，you will see the idea is to develop and introduce modern ideas as well as to preserve the cultural character of the city 解析 关于交替传译的技巧，前面已经谈过。 本文主要是关于上海申办世博会的对话。其中考查译者某些专门用语、具有中国特色的语汇、专有名词等的掌握情况，以考查译者的基本素质；在此基础上，译者还要在相当短的时间内对长难句理
19、解并准确完整地翻译；对某些短语和单词确切理解其含义并能理解其在上下文语境中的确切用法，使全文的翻译不仅准确完整，而且符合目标语的语言习惯。 基本素质采分点 下列单词或短语是基础知识点，包括专有名词、惯用表达等，是译者正确理解并翻译的关键。 1WorldExposition 世博会 2ViceMinister 副部长 3奥林匹克 Olympics 4NewYorkTimes 纽约时报 5上海市政府 Shanghaimunicipal government 结构理解采分点 下面是本文出现的长难句，要求译者在很短时间内，判断其结构、大意并组织翻译语言，且保证信息的完整和准确。 1Mr.Vice Mi
20、nister，could you brief us on Shanghai“s applying to host the 2010 World Exposition? 原文为疑问句，译者应做好笔记，记下核心信息，句子主干是“you brief us”，句子的宾语是分词短语。本句翻译的关键是谓语动词 brief 的翻译，意思是： 作的摘要，可译为“简单介绍”，其余部分采用顺译方法，并注意专有名词的表达方式。参考译文为：副部长先生，您能否简单介绍一下上海申办2010 年世界博览会的情况? 2世博会向各地人民提供一个相识，共享和交朋友的机会，在这里各种新思想和新概念得到传播，发展和应用，从而提高人民
21、的生活水平。原句中文句子结构较复杂，句子主干为两个并列句，第一个句子的主干：是世 博会+提供+机会；第二个句子是用连词“从而”连接的表顺承关系的句子。在翻译时，可采用拆译法，将并列结构拆成短句，并注意增译句子结构 所需的实词。参考译文为：It provides an opportunity for people from different piaces to meet，to share and to make friendsIt is also an important place for new ideas and new concepts to spread，grow and be ap
22、plied to improve people“s living standards 3如今中国经济快速发展，我们申办不光是为了推动世博会的发展，也是为了促进中国人民和全世界人民的相互了解，增强合作和交流。原句句子结构分析如下：主干结构是(主语)我们+(谓语)不光是/也是。 翻译时可用衔接法，用关联词 not onlybut also，把两个并列成分衔接起来。 参考译文为：Now that China is enjoying fast economic growthwe want to host this event not only to boost the World Expobut al
23、so to further enhance the understanding between the Chinese people and people all over the world and to strengthen the coop- erative exchanges between China and other countries 4I“ve just read an article in the New York Times that says“Shanghai is bulldozing away its past”，meaning that skyscrapers a
24、re replacing the old houses in order to turn the city into a modern one 原句句子结构分析如下：句子的主干结构是 I+read+an article+从句结构； 从句结构是用来修饰限定article，从句中又包含宾语从句“Shanghai is bulldozing away its past”和分词结构 meaning that做插入语；插入语中又包含一个复杂单 句。从分析来看，原句包含多重信息，翻译时可采用顺译法表述句子主干，从句翻译采用拆译法，使译文符合中文表达习惯。参考译文为：我刚刚看到 纽约时报上一篇文章说，“上海
25、的历史正在被推土机推掉”，说的是上海为了建设现代化城市，老房子统统被推倒，被高楼大厦取而代之。 520 年来上海经济迅猛发展，但与此同时，我们恢复了上海很多的历史遗迹，他们得到了更好的保护。 原句是由三个并列句组成，并构成转折关系。核心信息是：上海经济发展、但我们恢复遗迹，它们得到保护。翻译时可采用拆译法，把表示转折关系的句子拆开来，使译文清楚。句子第二部分同时使用了主动语态和被动语态，在译成英文时，要统一语态，转化句子主语。参考译文为：It is true that Shanghai has achieved tremendous economic growth over the last
26、20 yearsBut many ofthe city“s historical sites haVe still been rest。red and preserVed with care. 言语表达采分点 译者在注意了整体表达的基础上，还应正确处理某些重要短语或单词的理解和翻译，以使译文完整通畅。 1applytohost 申办 2ripe 时机成熟的 3提高生活水平 improve living standards 4促进了解 enhance the understanding 5bulldozing away 用推土机推平 6at the expense of 以为代价 7cultur
27、al relics 文化遗产 8东西方文化的结合体 reflection of culture not just of the East but also of the West 9引进现代的东西 introduce modern ideas 10保持特点 preserve the character二、Part (总题数：1，分数：-1.00)2.On August 31, 1997, Lady Diana Spencer, former wife of Charles, Prince of Wales, was killed with her companion Dodi Fayed in
28、 a car accident in Paris. Tests conducted by French police indicated that the driver, who also died in the crash, was intoxicated and likely caused the accident while trying to escape the paparazzi photographers who consistently tailed Diana during any public outing. Sixteen years earlier, nearly fo
29、ur billion people in 74 countries had tuned in to witness the marriage of Prince Charles, heir to the British throne, to Lady Diana, a young English school teacher. Married in a grand ceremony at St Paul“s Cathedral in the presence of 2,650 guests, the couple“s romance was for the moment the envy of
30、 the world. However, before long the fairy-tale couple grew apart, an experience that was particularly painful under the ubiquitous eyes of the world“s tabloid media. In August 1996, two months after Queen Elizabeth II urged the couple to divorce, the prince and princess reached a final agreement. I
31、n exchange for a generous settlement, and the right to retain her apartments at Kensington Palace and her title of princess, Diana agreed to relinquish the title of “Her Royal Highness“ and any future claims to the British throne. In the year between the divorce and her fatal car accident, the popul
32、ar princess seemed well on her way of achieving her dream of becoming “a queen in people“s hearts.“ （分数：-1.00）_正确答案：()解析：1997 年 8 月 31 日，威尔士亲王查尔斯的前妻戴安娜斯宾塞女土与她的男友多迪法耶德在巴黎遇车祸死亡。 法国警察进行了化验，化验结果表明，在车祸中死亡的司机喝醉了酒，他在躲避每次戴安娜外出时紧随不放的摄影记者时出了车祸。 16 年前，在 74 个国家有近 40 亿人在电视上目睹英国王位的继承人查尔斯亲王与年轻的英国教师戴安娜的婚礼。他们俩在圣保罗教堂
33、举行了盛大的仪式，有 2，650 人出席，当时他们俩的浪漫故事使世人羡慕。但是不久，这童话般一对儿的感情就破裂了。世界各地的小报密切跟踪，详细报道，使得这段经历更加令人痛苦。 在伊莉沙白二世女王劝说他们离婚后两个月，也就是 1996 年 8 月，两人达成了最后协议。 戴安娜为了获得优厚的待遇，并为有权保留她在肯新顿宫的住房和王妃的头衔，同意放弃“殿下”的称号和今后对继承英国王位的要求。 在离婚之后到车祸身亡的一年中，这位人们爱戴的王妃似已接近实现她成为“人们心中的女王”的梦想。三、Part (总题数：1，分数：40.00)3.女士们、先生们! 这是我第三次访问非洲。非洲自然资源丰富，发展潜力巨
34、大。尽管经历了数百年的殖民统治和掠夺，尽管现在还面临着不少困难和挑战，但非洲人民勤劳勇敢、不畏艰难、勇于进取，给我们留下了深刻印象。时代在发展，非洲在进步。我们高兴地看到，经过几代人的奋斗，非洲大陆完成了非殖民化进程，废除了种族隔离制度，对人类文明进步做出了巨大贡献。经过几十年的不懈努力，非洲的和平与发展事业取得了积极进展。近年来，非洲致力于解决地区冲突，总体形势趋向稳定。非洲各国以经济建设、摆脱贫困和改善民生为首要任务，积极探索适合本国国情的发展道路，全非经济连续九年保持增长。非洲在国际社会的帮助下，着力兴办教育，注重培养人才，努力解决艾滋病等社会问题。非洲国家同其他发展中国家携手推动南南合
35、作，在国际事务中发挥着积极作用。中国政府和人民对非洲取得的每一项成就都由衷地感到高兴。我们相信在非洲各国政府和人民的不懈努力和国际社会的支持下，非洲的振兴一定会实现。 （分数：40.00）_正确答案：()解析：Ladies and Gentlemen, This is my third visit to Africa. Africa has abundant natural resources and a huge development potential. Even though having suffered colonial domination and plunder for hun
36、dreds of years, and still facing considerable difficulties and challenges, the African people are yet industrious, brave, fearless and enterprising. We all are deeply impressed by these. Times are progressing and Africa is advancing. We are pleased to see that, through generations of arduous struggl
37、es, decolonization has been completed and racial segregation as an institution abolished throughout the African continent. This is a tremendous contribution to human progress. Decades of relentless efforts have brought about progress in the cause of peace and development in Africa. In recent years,
38、Africa has been working hard to resolve regional conflicts, which results in greater stability in its overall situation. African countries have explored a development path suited to their national conditions, taking economic growth, poverty eradication and improvement of people“s livelihood as their
39、 top priority. The economy of Africa has got a sustainable growth for nine years. With the support from the international community, Africa has largely invested in education and personnel training and spared no efforts to address such social problems as HIV/AIDS. African countries have worked hand i
40、n hand with other developing countries to promote South-South cooperation and thus play an increasingly important role in the international affairs. The Chinese government and people rejoice at seeing each and every achievement scored by Africa. We are convinced that through the persistent efforts o
41、f all the African governments and people and with the support of the international community, Africa will surely be revitalized. 解析 本文是一段关于中国官员访问非洲时的讲话。讲话人简要讲述了非洲的历史、和平与发展事业、教育、社会问题等，并表示了中国政府和人民对非洲的友好态度。 本文要求应试者了解一些非洲的历史发展的背景知识。汉语是意合语言，通过意义本身保持句子间、句子内的联系，没有严格的语法限制，汉语少用连接成分，英语主要通过词汇手段来完成句子间、句子内的联系。在转
42、化为英语时，需要注意变通，增加连接词汇。 基本素质采分点 下面的单词、短语是这篇文章考查的基础知识点，涉及惯用表达和相关知识领域的专有名词等，是应试者理解、翻译的关键。 1非殖民化 decolonization 2和平与发展事业 cause of peace and development 3种族隔离 racial segregation 4南南合作 South-South cooperation 5国际事务 international affairs 结构理解采分点 下面是本文出现的长难句，要求应试者迅速理解句子大意，分析出句子中所包含的意群，转换成通顺、地道的目的语。在这个转换的过程中，应
43、试者可以采取词类转换、语态转换、语序调整、增删词语、句子切分等翻译技巧。 1尽管经历了数百年的殖民统治和掠夺，尽管现在还面临着不少困难和挑战，但非洲人民勤劳勇敢、不畏艰难、勇于进取，给我们留下了深刻印象。 原文的句子主干是：“尽管尽管，但”。翻译时，需要进行语态转换，将主动语态“给我们留下了印象”转换为被动语态。 2我们高兴地看到，经过几代人的奋斗，非洲大陆完成了非殖民化进程，废除了种族隔离制度，对人类文明进步做出了巨大贡献。 原句句子结构分析如下：(主语)我们+(谓语)看到+(宾语)非洲大陆完成进程，废除制度，做出贡献。翻译宾语部分时，需要根据汉英思维的差异，转变陈述的角度，从客体意识出发，
44、客观陈述事实，这就需要进行语态转换，从主动语态转变为被动语态。 3近年来，非洲致力于解决地区冲突，总体形势趋向稳定。 原句由两个分句组成：分句 1 的结构分析如下：(主语)非洲+(谓语)致力+(宾语)解决冲突；分句 2 的结构分析如下：(主语)形势+(谓语)趋向稳定。两个分句间，没有用连接词，但是，可以通过其中的意义判断这两个句子间存在因果关系。翻译时，可以采取显化翻译，添加连接词。 4非洲各国以经济建设、摆脱贫困和改善民生为首要任务，积极探索适合本国国情的发展道路，全非经济连续九年保持增长。 原句句子结构分析如下：1)(主语)非洲各国+(谓语)探索+(宾语)道路；2)“以经济建设、摆脱贫困和
45、改善民生为首要任务”是状语，翻译时，需要调整语序。 5非洲在国际社会的帮助下，着力兴办教育，注重培养人才，努力解决艾滋病等社会问题。 原句句子结构分析如下：(主语)非洲+(谓语 1)兴办+(宾语 1)教育+(谓语 2)培养+(宾语 2)人才+(谓语 3)解决+(宾语 3)问题。翻译时，需要进行词类转换，将三个动宾结构转变为名词。 言语表达采分点 应试者不仅需要从宏观上整体把握原文的结构、意思，还需要从微观上正确理解、表达一些重要短语和单词。 1自然资源 natural resources 2发展潜力 a huge development potential 3殖民统治 colonial domination 4人类文明进步 human progress 5改善民生 improvement of people“s livelihood 6国情 national conditions 7国际事务 international affairs 8经济建设 economic growth 9摆脱贫困 poverty eradication 10兴办教育 invest in education
