1、翻译三级口译实务模拟 12 及答案解析(总分：79.00，做题时间：90 分钟)一、Part (总题数：1，分数：-1.00)1.Reporter：Mr.Vice Minister, could you brief us on Shanghai“s applying to host the 2010 World Exposition? 王：实际上并不是上海在申办，而是中国政府在申办。国际社会普遍认为世博会是经济，文化和科学领域内的奥林匹克。世博会向各地人民提供一个相识，共享和交朋友的机会，在这里各种新思想和新概念得到传播，发展和应用，从而提高人民的生活水平。 Reporter：Then，do
2、you think conditions are now ripe for China to apply? 王：中国一直是在积极参与在世界各地举办的世博会的活动。如今中国经济快速发展，我们申办不光是为了推动世博会的发展，也是为了促进中国人民和全世界人民的相互了解，增强合作和交流。 Reporter：I“ve just read an article in the New York Times that says “Shanghai is bulldozing away its past“，meaning that skyscrapers are replacing the old houses
3、 in order to turn the city into a modem oneThe criticism is that the citys modernization is at the expense of the destruction of its cultural relicsHow would you react to that? 王：我们中国人和外国游客都认为上海是东西方文化的结合体。20 年来上海经济迅猛发展，但与此同时，我们恢复了上海很多的历史遗迹，他们得 到了更好的保护。你要是看一看上海市政府提出的申办主题就会明白，我们的目的是既要引进和发展现代的东西，同时又要保持
4、这个城市的传统文化特点。 （分数：-1.00）_二、Part (总题数：1，分数：40.00)2.Ladies and Gentlemen, Let me start by telling you the story of Beatrice Gakuba. In Rwanda in Africa, I met a remarkable woman whose hard work and determination symbolize the talents and dreams of millions of Africans. Beatrice Gakuba left a comfortabl
5、e life in the West to start a flower-growing business in her native Rwanda. Against enormous odds, her small farm grew, creating jobs for nearly 200 rural women. When I asked Beatrice Gakuba why she decided to take on such a daunting challenge, she replied, “I came here to grow beautiful flowers on
6、the ashes of genocide.“ Her biggest obstacle to creating even more jobs is not a lack of skilled workers or entrepreneurial spirit; it is a weak infrastructure that makes electricity unreliable and transportation unaffordable. Through sound policies, Rwanda has come a long way from its years of pain
7、 and conflict. In a new report, Rwanda is cited by the World Bank as a model for Africa in reforming business regulations. In the last seven years, Rwanda“s economy grew an average of more than 6 percent annually. Some other African countries are on the right track. To transform Africa into a contin
8、ent of hope, they need our help. The responsibility for doing more and better cannot be left to the developing world alone. It demands more than high profile meetings. It demands urgent result. Today, we have a choice. The direction we take now can help make a difference for the millions of people t
9、rapped in extreme poverty. For many, it can be a difference between life and death. We promised here five years ago, to help bring hope, dignity and opportunity into the lives of the poorest. We promised to measure and achieve results. As we gather here today, let us not forget the Beatrice Gakubas
10、of the world, who stand poised to transform their countries. Today, we stand accountable to them. Thank you. （分数：40.00）_三、Part (总题数：1，分数：40.00)3.女士们、先生们! 这是我第三次访问非洲。非洲自然资源丰富，发展潜力巨大。尽管经历了数百年的殖民统治和掠夺，尽管现在还面临着不少困难和挑战，但非洲人民勤劳勇敢、不畏艰难、勇于进取，给我们留下了深刻印象。时代在发展，非洲在进步。我们高兴地看到，经过几代人的奋斗，非洲大陆完成了非殖民化进程，废除了种族隔离制度，对人
11、类文明进步做出了巨大贡献。经过几十年的不懈努力，非洲的和平与发展事业取得了积极进展。近年来，非洲致力于解决地区冲突，总体形势趋向稳定。非洲各国以经济建设、摆脱贫困和改善民生为首要任务，积极探索适合本国国情的发展道路，全非经济连续九年保持增长。非洲在国际社会的帮助下，着力兴办教育，注重培养人才，努力解决艾滋病等社会问题。非洲国家同其他发展中国家携手推动南南合作，在国际事务中发挥着积极作用。中国政府和人民对非洲取得的每一项成就都由衷地感到高兴。我们相信在非洲各国政府和人民的不懈努力和国际社会的支持下，非洲的振兴一定会实现。 （分数：40.00）_翻译三级口译实务模拟 12 答案解析(总分：79.0
12、0，做题时间：90 分钟)一、Part (总题数：1，分数：-1.00)1.Reporter：Mr.Vice Minister, could you brief us on Shanghai“s applying to host the 2010 World Exposition? 王：实际上并不是上海在申办，而是中国政府在申办。国际社会普遍认为世博会是经济，文化和科学领域内的奥林匹克。世博会向各地人民提供一个相识，共享和交朋友的机会，在这里各种新思想和新概念得到传播，发展和应用，从而提高人民的生活水平。 Reporter：Then，do you think conditions are no
13、w ripe for China to apply? 王：中国一直是在积极参与在世界各地举办的世博会的活动。如今中国经济快速发展，我们申办不光是为了推动世博会的发展，也是为了促进中国人民和全世界人民的相互了解，增强合作和交流。 Reporter：I“ve just read an article in the New York Times that says “Shanghai is bulldozing away its past“，meaning that skyscrapers are replacing the old houses in order to turn the city
14、into a modem oneThe criticism is that the citys modernization is at the expense of the destruction of its cultural relicsHow would you react to that? 王：我们中国人和外国游客都认为上海是东西方文化的结合体。20 年来上海经济迅猛发展，但与此同时，我们恢复了上海很多的历史遗迹，他们得 到了更好的保护。你要是看一看上海市政府提出的申办主题就会明白，我们的目的是既要引进和发展现代的东西，同时又要保持这个城市的传统文化特点。 （分数：-1.00）_正确答
15、案：()解析：Reporter：副部长先生，您能否简单介绍一下上海申办 2010 年世界博览会的情况? 王：Actually, it“s not Shanghai that is applying, but the Chinese government. It has been widely accepted by the international community that the World Exposition is the Olympics of economy, culture, science and technology. It provides an opportunity
16、 for people from different places to meet, to share and to make friends. It is also an important place for new ideas and new concepts to spread, grow and be applied to improve people“s living standards. Reporter：那您认为中国现在申办条件成熟了吗? 王：China has been actively participating in different events of the Wor
17、ld Expo wherever it has been held. Now that China is enjoying fast economic growth, we want to host this event not only to boost the World Expo, but also to further enhance the understanding between the Chinese people and people all over the world and to strengthen the cooperative exchanges between
18、China and other countries. Reporter：我刚刚看到纽约时报上一篇文章说，“上海的历史正在被推土机推掉”，说的是上海为了建设现代化城市，老房子统统被推倒，被高楼大厦取而代之。文章批评上海的现代化进程正在以破坏它的文化遗产为代价。您怎么看这个批评？ 王：Shanghai is a place where both Chinese and foreign can see the reflection of culture not just of the East but also of the West. It is true that Shanghai has ac
19、hieved tremendous economic growth over the last 20 years. But many of the city“s historical sites have still been restored and preserved with care. If you look at the themes proposed by the Shanghai municipal government, you will see the idea is to develop and introduce modem ideas as well as to pre
20、serve the cultural character of the city.二、Part (总题数：1，分数：40.00)2.Ladies and Gentlemen, Let me start by telling you the story of Beatrice Gakuba. In Rwanda in Africa, I met a remarkable woman whose hard work and determination symbolize the talents and dreams of millions of Africans. Beatrice Gakuba
21、left a comfortable life in the West to start a flower-growing business in her native Rwanda. Against enormous odds, her small farm grew, creating jobs for nearly 200 rural women. When I asked Beatrice Gakuba why she decided to take on such a daunting challenge, she replied, “I came here to grow beau
22、tiful flowers on the ashes of genocide.“ Her biggest obstacle to creating even more jobs is not a lack of skilled workers or entrepreneurial spirit; it is a weak infrastructure that makes electricity unreliable and transportation unaffordable. Through sound policies, Rwanda has come a long way from
23、its years of pain and conflict. In a new report, Rwanda is cited by the World Bank as a model for Africa in reforming business regulations. In the last seven years, Rwanda“s economy grew an average of more than 6 percent annually. Some other African countries are on the right track. To transform Afr
24、ica into a continent of hope, they need our help. The responsibility for doing more and better cannot be left to the developing world alone. It demands more than high profile meetings. It demands urgent result. Today, we have a choice. The direction we take now can help make a difference for the mil
25、lions of people trapped in extreme poverty. For many, it can be a difference between life and death. We promised here five years ago, to help bring hope, dignity and opportunity into the lives of the poorest. We promised to measure and achieve results. As we gather here today, let us not forget the
26、Beatrice Gakubas of the world, who stand poised to transform their countries. Today, we stand accountable to them. Thank you. （分数：40.00）_正确答案：()解析：女士们、先生们： 首先，我要给各位讲一个关于 Beatrice Gakuba 的故事。我在非洲的卢旺达见到一位了不起的妇女，她的辛勤工作和坚定决心代表了千百万非洲人的才智和梦想。 Beatrice Gakuba 放弃了在西方的优越生活，回到祖国卢旺达开办鲜花种植场。她克服重重困难，使小种植场由小变大，为将
27、近 200 名农村妇女提供了就业机会。我问她为什么要接受这个不小的挑战，她说： “我来这，是为了在种族杀戮的废墟上种出美丽的花朵。”阻碍她创造更多就业机会的最主要原因并不是缺少技能熟练的工人或缺乏企业家精神，而是由于基础设施的薄弱，使得电力缺乏，交通昂贵。 通过实施好的政策，卢旺达早已摆脱了过去的痛苦和冲突。世界银行新近出台的一份报告中称卢旺达是非洲国家改革企业政策的典范。卢旺达过去七年的年均经济增长超过 6%。其它一些非洲国家也正沿着正确的轨道发展。这些国家需要我们的帮助，来把非洲变成一片希望的大陆。 向非洲提供更多、更好的帮助不应该只是发展中国家的责任。要帮助非洲，仅仅召开高级别会议是不够
28、的，人们需要立即看到结果。 我们今天需要做出选择。 我们今天选择的方向将改变千百万极度贫困人口的处境，对许多人来讲，这一选择将影响他们的生死。 五年前，我们承诺要给最贫困人的生活带去希望、尊严和机遇，同时承诺要行必果，并对成果加以评估。我们今天聚集于此，不能忘记世界上那些像 Beatrice Gakuba 一样时刻准备改变自己国家的人们。 今天，我们对他们负有责任。 谢谢。 解析 本文是一篇关于非洲援助的讲话，讲话人以 Beatrice Gakuba 的故事为开场白，呼吁人们向非洲提供援助。应试者需要在较短的时间内记下讲话的每一个要点，通过长难句中的连接词和讲话人的语音语调的变化，分清层次，根
29、据汉语表达习惯，切分长句、增减词汇、转换词类，使译文符合目的语的表达习惯。 基本素质采分点 下面的单词、短语是这篇文章考查的基础知识点，涉及惯用表达和相关知识领域的专有名词等，是应试者理解、翻译的关键。 1genocide 种族杀戮 2entrepreneurial spirit 企业家精神 3infrastructure 基础设施 4World Bank 世界银行 5high profile meetings 高级别会议 结构理解采分点 下面是本文出现的长难句，要求应试者迅速理解句子大意，分析出句子中所包含的意群，转换成通顺、地道的目的语。在这个转换的过程中，应试者可以采取词类转换、语态转换
30、、语序调整、增删词语、句子切分等翻译技巧。 1In Rwanda in Africa，I met a remarkable woman whose hard work and determination symbolize the talents and dreams of millions of Africans 原文句子结构分析如下：(主语)I+(谓语)met+(宾语)a woman+(定语从句)。翻译时，采用顺译法，处理定语从句时，将其作为一个单独的句子进行翻译，用与先行词相应的人称代词替代关系代词。 2When I asked Beatrice Gakuba why she decid
31、ed to take on such a daunting challenge，she replied“I came here to grow beautiful flowers on the ashes of genocide” 原文句子结构分析如下：1)时间状语从句+主句；2)主句结构：(主语)she+ (谓语)replied+(宾语从句)“I came here to grow beautiful flowers on the ashes of genocide”。翻译时，主句直接引语中的地点状语应该调整语序。 3The responsibility for doing more and
32、 better cannot be left to the developing world alone 原句句子结构分析如下：(主语)the responsibility+(谓语)cannot be left to +(宾语)the developing world。原句是一个被动句，翻译时，可以转换成判断句。 4The direction we take now can help make a difference for the millions of people trapped in extreme poverty 原句句子结构分析如下：1)(主语)the direction+(谓语
33、)Can help make+(宾语)a difference；2)“we take now”是 direction 的定语从句，翻译时，应该前置。 5We promised here five years ago，to help bring hope，dignity and opportunity into the lives of the poorest 原句句子结构分析如下：(主语)we+(谓语)promised+(宾语)to help bring hope，dignity and opportunity。“five years ago 是时间状语，翻译时应该前置。 言语表达采分点 应试
34、者不仅需要从宏观上整体把握原文的结构、意思，还需要从微观上正确理解、表达一些重要短语、单词。 1Rwanda 卢旺达 2flower-growing business 鲜花种植 3rural women 农村妇女 4. against enormous odds 克服重重困难 5take on 接受 6daunting challenge 不小的挑战 7a lack of 缺乏 8sound policy 好的政策 9reforming business regulations 改革企业政策 10on the right track 沿着正确的轨道三、Part (总题数：1，分数：40.00)
35、3.女士们、先生们! 这是我第三次访问非洲。非洲自然资源丰富，发展潜力巨大。尽管经历了数百年的殖民统治和掠夺，尽管现在还面临着不少困难和挑战，但非洲人民勤劳勇敢、不畏艰难、勇于进取，给我们留下了深刻印象。时代在发展，非洲在进步。我们高兴地看到，经过几代人的奋斗，非洲大陆完成了非殖民化进程，废除了种族隔离制度，对人类文明进步做出了巨大贡献。经过几十年的不懈努力，非洲的和平与发展事业取得了积极进展。近年来，非洲致力于解决地区冲突，总体形势趋向稳定。非洲各国以经济建设、摆脱贫困和改善民生为首要任务，积极探索适合本国国情的发展道路，全非经济连续九年保持增长。非洲在国际社会的帮助下，着力兴办教育，注重培
36、养人才，努力解决艾滋病等社会问题。非洲国家同其他发展中国家携手推动南南合作，在国际事务中发挥着积极作用。中国政府和人民对非洲取得的每一项成就都由衷地感到高兴。我们相信在非洲各国政府和人民的不懈努力和国际社会的支持下，非洲的振兴一定会实现。 （分数：40.00）_正确答案：()解析：Ladies and Gentlemen, This is my third visit to Africa. Africa has abundant natural resources and a huge development potential. Even though having suffered col
37、onial domination and plunder for hundreds of years, and still facing considerable difficulties and challenges, the African people are yet industrious, brave, fearless and enterprising. We all are deeply impressed by these. Times are progressing and Africa is advancing. We are pleased to see that, th
38、rough generations of arduous struggles, decolonization has been completed and racial segregation as an institution abolished throughout the African continent. This is a tremendous contribution to human progress. Decades of relentless efforts have brought about progress in the cause of peace and deve
39、lopment in Africa. In recent years, Africa has been working hard to resolve regional conflicts, which results in greater stability in its overall situation. African countries have explored a development path suited to their national conditions, taking economic growth, poverty eradication and improve
40、ment of people“s livelihood as their top priority. The economy of Africa has got a sustainable growth for nine years. With the support from the international community, Africa has largely invested in education and personnel training and spared no efforts to address such social problems as HIV/AIDS.
41、African countries have worked hand in hand with other developing countries to promote South-South cooperation and thus play an increasingly important role in the international affairs. The Chinese government and people rejoice at seeing each and every achievement scored by Africa. We are convinced t
42、hat through the persistent efforts of all the African governments and people and with the support of the international community, Africa will surely be revitalized. 解析 本文是一段关于中国官员访问非洲时的讲话。讲话人简要讲述了非洲的历史、和平与发展事业、教育、社会问题等，并表示了中国政府和人民对非洲的友好态度。 本文要求应试者了解一些非洲的历史发展的背景知识。汉语是意合语言，通过意义本身保持句子间、句子内的联系，没有严格的语法限制
43、，汉语少用连接成分，英语主要通过词汇手段来完成句子间、句子内的联系。在转化为英语时，需要注意变通，增加连接词汇。 基本素质采分点 下面的单词、短语是这篇文章考查的基础知识点，涉及惯用表达和相关知识领域的专有名词等，是应试者理解、翻译的关键。 1非殖民化 decolonization 2和平与发展事业 cause of peace and development 3种族隔离 racial segregation 4南南合作 South-South cooperation 5国际事务 international affairs 结构理解采分点 下面是本文出现的长难句，要求应试者迅速理解句子大意，分
44、析出句子中所包含的意群，转换成通顺、地道的目的语。在这个转换的过程中，应试者可以采取词类转换、语态转换、语序调整、增删词语、句子切分等翻译技巧。 1尽管经历了数百年的殖民统治和掠夺，尽管现在还面临着不少困难和挑战，但非洲人民勤劳勇敢、不畏艰难、勇于进取，给我们留下了深刻印象。 原文的句子主干是：“尽管尽管，但”。翻译时，需要进行语态转换，将主动语态“给我们留下了印象”转换为被动语态。 2我们高兴地看到，经过几代人的奋斗，非洲大陆完成了非殖民化进程，废除了种族隔离制度，对人类文明进步做出了巨大贡献。 原句句子结构分析如下：(主语)我们+(谓语)看到+(宾语)非洲大陆完成进程，废除制度，做出贡献。
45、翻译宾语部分时，需要根据汉英思维的差异，转变陈述的角度，从客体意识出发，客观陈述事实，这就需要进行语态转换，从主动语态转变为被动语态。 3近年来，非洲致力于解决地区冲突，总体形势趋向稳定。 原句由两个分句组成：分句 1 的结构分析如下：(主语)非洲+(谓语)致力+(宾语)解决冲突；分句 2 的结构分析如下：(主语)形势+(谓语)趋向稳定。两个分句间，没有用连接词，但是，可以通过其中的意义判断这两个句子间存在因果关系。翻译时，可以采取显化翻译，添加连接词。 4非洲各国以经济建设、摆脱贫困和改善民生为首要任务，积极探索适合本国国情的发展道路，全非经济连续九年保持增长。 原句句子结构分析如下：1)(
46、主语)非洲各国+(谓语)探索+(宾语)道路；2)“以经济建设、摆脱贫困和改善民生为首要任务”是状语，翻译时，需要调整语序。 5非洲在国际社会的帮助下，着力兴办教育，注重培养人才，努力解决艾滋病等社会问题。 原句句子结构分析如下：(主语)非洲+(谓语 1)兴办+(宾语 1)教育+(谓语 2)培养+(宾语 2)人才+(谓语 3)解决+(宾语 3)问题。翻译时，需要进行词类转换，将三个动宾结构转变为名词。 言语表达采分点 应试者不仅需要从宏观上整体把握原文的结构、意思，还需要从微观上正确理解、表达一些重要短语和单词。 1自然资源 natural resources 2发展潜力 a huge development potential 3殖民统治 colonial domination 4人类文明进步 human progress 5改善民生 improvement of people“s livelihood 6国情 national conditions 7国际事务 international affairs 8经济建设 economic growth 9摆脱贫困 poverty eradication 10兴办教育 invest in education
