1、翻译三级口译实务模拟 10及答案解析(总分：59.00，做题时间：90 分钟)一、Part (总题数：1，分数：20.00)1.A：今天，我们非常高兴地欢迎“神舟六号”载人航天代表团以及各位航天科学家来与我们见面。 B：Well，the two Chinese astronauts have toured space on board Shenzhou-6 and conducted experiments during their flightPeople have been following the mission with great interestToday，I am very e
2、xcited to meet the two astronauts face to face A：确实，中国从 1992年启动载人航天工程以来，在航天技术上取得了突破性的进展，在短短 13年里，一跃成为能够掌握载人航天技术的少数几个国家之一。这些成果令整个中华民族引以为傲。 B：I listened to the speech by Colonel Yang Liwei，the first Chinese astronaut，in 2003，and I feel privileged to have this one more opportunity to pay respects to yo
3、ur space heroes and share the joys of their Success A：今天，“神舟六号”载人航天代表团还给我们带来了两套内容丰富的影片，包括航天员的日常训练情况和神舟六号的飞行情况，使我们得以重温那些历史性的时刻。 B：The Success of Shenzhou-6 marks a new era in China“s scientific and technological developmentI sincerely hope that there will be continued and tremendous success in the sp
4、ace flight industry of your country （分数：20.00）_二、Part (总题数：1，分数：40.00)2.There is a lot of difference between the East and the West when it comes to leadership and authority. In the West, leadership often tends to be task-focused and straightforward. East Asian managers, however, tend to focus more o
5、n determining who is awarded a role or task. In the East, the personal relationship often determines who gets to do what. In the traditional East Asian culture, the boss is all-powerful and the organizational hierarchy is a critical element of managing an organization or business. As a boss, you are
6、 expected to know all the answers and be the source of clear direction. In the East, people expect the boss to instruct and lead at all times, and staff will wait for that instruction and thus be heavily dependent on the boss. This means that people lower down the organization tend to take less init
7、iative and ownership. This is a behavior that might be viewed by some Western managers as avoiding responsibility. Titles are also very important. First names are not appropriate and people use formal titles to address the boss, thus formality and respect must be observed. As many people might alrea
8、dy know, managing conflict in public or at open meetings is largely avoided in the East. In East Asia, losing face is a major taboo. It is viewed as something quite shameful. Addressing difficult problems at an open meeting that results in someone being criticized is a big mistake. That is not to sa
9、y that East Asian managers do not have conflicts with each other. Rather they will deal with any conflicts in private and in a confidential manner. At open meetings, East Asian managers are likely to be indirect and reserved. They will handle differences in a soft and circuitous way. In the West you
10、 tend to be quite happy to address problems at an open forum. It is often viewed as a positive experience. Conflict is often dealt with in an open and direct way, that is, where problems occur, they are frequently dealt with head on. （分数：40.00）_三、Part (总题数：1，分数：-1.00)3.女士们，先生们： 英国以其灿烂的文化，众多的发明创造为世界文
11、明和进步做出了巨大的贡献，也对中国社会的发展产生了重要的影响。改革开放以来，中国积极提倡学习、吸收包括英国在内的世界各国先进的科学技术、管理经验和优秀文化成果，以促进自己的现代化进程。中国一贯重视英国在欧洲及世界的地位和作用。中英都是联合国安理会常任理事国，在维护世界和平、促进共同发展方面肩负着重大责任，也存在着广泛的共同利益。我们应该站在战略高度，以长远眼光来看待中英关系，希望双方多来往，多了解，多协商，多合作。 （分数：-1.00）_翻译三级口译实务模拟 10答案解析(总分：59.00，做题时间：90 分钟)一、Part (总题数：1，分数：20.00)1.A：今天，我们非常高兴地欢迎“神
12、舟六号”载人航天代表团以及各位航天科学家来与我们见面。 B：Well，the two Chinese astronauts have toured space on board Shenzhou-6 and conducted experiments during their flightPeople have been following the mission with great interestToday，I am very excited to meet the two astronauts face to face A：确实，中国从 1992年启动载人航天工程以来，在航天技术上取得
13、了突破性的进展，在短短 13年里，一跃成为能够掌握载人航天技术的少数几个国家之一。这些成果令整个中华民族引以为傲。 B：I listened to the speech by Colonel Yang Liwei，the first Chinese astronaut，in 2003，and I feel privileged to have this one more opportunity to pay respects to your space heroes and share the joys of their Success A：今天，“神舟六号”载人航天代表团还给我们带来了两套内
14、容丰富的影片，包括航天员的日常训练情况和神舟六号的飞行情况，使我们得以重温那些历史性的时刻。 B：The Success of Shenzhou-6 marks a new era in China“s scientific and technological developmentI sincerely hope that there will be continued and tremendous success in the space flight industry of your country （分数：20.00）_正确答案：()解析：A: It is our great plea
15、sure to welcome Shenzhou- 6 manned spacecraft delegation and all the space scientists today. B: 是的，两位中国船天员乘坐“神舟六号”遨游太空，在太空飞行中进行各项实验。人们对于这次太空使命表现了浓厚的兴趣。今天，我可以跟两位航天员见面，心情非常兴奋。 A: Indeed, since China began the manned space program in 1992, China has made significant breakthroughs in the development of
16、space technology. In only 13 years, China has become one of the few countries to master manned space flight technology. The entire Chinese nation is proud of these achievements. B: 我在 2003年曾听过贵国首位航天员杨利伟上校的讲话，今天能再一次目睹贵国航天英雄的风采，分享他们成功的喜悦，感到非常荣幸。 A: Today，the delegation of Shenzhou-6 manned space fligh
17、t mission has also brought us two informative filmsThey feature the training of the astronauts，and the space mission of Shenzhou-6. These films will bring back to us all those memorable historic moments B: “神舟六号”的成功，标志着中国已经进入了一个科技发展的新时期。我衷心祝愿贵国航天事业的发展一日千里。 解析 本文是一篇关于中国航天技术和“神舟六号”载人航天工程的对话。要求应试者掌握一些航
18、天飞行的基础知识和专业词汇。此外，应试者还需要在较短的时间内，理解、分析、简化或切分长难句，避免从句堆积；对于一些较为生僻的词汇，不能死译、硬译，而应该在理解的基础上意泽；做交替传译时，在忠实原文意思的基础上，可以在结构上进行一些变化，以达到通顺的效果。同时，还应该注意上下文的衔接。 基本素质采分点 下面的单词、短语是这篇对话考查的基础知识点，涉及惯用表达和相关知识领域的专有名词等，是应试者理解、翻译的关键。 1神州六号 Shenzhou-6 2astronaut 航天员 3航天技术 space technology 4航天代表团 spacecraft delegation 5载人航天工程 m
19、anned space programme 结构理解采分点 下面是本文出现的长难句，要求应试者迅速理解句子大意，分析出句子中所包含的意群，转换成通顺、地道的目的语。在这个转换的过程中，应试者可以采取词类转换、语态转换、语序调整、增删词语、句子切分等翻译技巧。 1今天，我们非常高兴地欢迎“神舟六号”载人航天代表团以及各位航天科学家来与我们见面。 原句的句子主干分析如下：(主语)我们+(谓语)欢迎+(宾语)科学家。英汉思维方式不同，汉语注重主体性叙述，英语兼顾主体性、客体性叙述，倾向于客体性叙述。根据这一差异，在翻译时，需要进行变通，原文用人称代词“我们”充当主语，译文可以用客观事实“欢迎科学家”
20、充当主语，同时，为了保证结构上的平衡，需要使用“it”作形式主语，真正的主语用不定式表示，移至句末。 2Well，the two Chinese astronauts have toured space on board Shenzhou-6 and conducted experiments during their flight. 原文句子结构分析如下：(主语)astronauts+(谓语 1)have toured+(宾语 1) space+(连接词)and+(谓语 2) have conducted+(宾语 2) experiments。原句是由“and”连接的一个并列句，有两个互不依
21、从的主谓结构。诸如“and”等连接词是应试者做笔记的重要引导词，需要注意。原句中的“on board Shenzhou-6”是方式状语，翻译时，应该移至谓语之前。 3确实，中国从 1992年启动载人航天工程以来，在航天技术上取得了突破性的进展，在短短 13年里，一跃成为能够掌握载人航天技术的少数几个国家之一。原句句子结构分析如下：(主语)中国+(动宾 1)取得了进展+(动宾 2)成为了少数几个国家之一。处理这个长句的关键在于两个动宾结构，翻译时，可以将这两个动宾结构分解为两个句子。 4I listened to the speech by Colonel Yang Liwei，the firs
22、t Chinese astronaut，in 2003，and I feel privileged to have this one more opportunity to pay respects to your space heroes and share the joys of their success. 原句句子结构分析如下：(主语)I+(谓语 1)listened to+(宾语 1)the speech +(连接词)and+(谓语 2)feel privileged+(宾语 2)to have opportunity。原句是两个主谓结构组成的一个并列句。根据汉语表达习惯，翻译时，时
23、间状语“in 2003”需要提前。 5The success of Shenzhou-6 marks a new era in China“s scientific and technological development. 原句句子结构分析如下：(主语)the success+(谓语)marks+(宾语)a new era。英汉思维方式不同，英语注重静态表达，汉语注重动态表达，在翻译时，可以采取增词译法，增加动词“进入”。 言语表达采分点 应试者不仅需要从宏观上整体把握原文的结构、意思，还需要从微观上正确理解、表达一些重要短语、单词。 1space hero 航天英雄 2tour spac
24、e 遨游太空 3启动 begin 4space flight industry 航天事业 5突破性进展 significant breakthroughs 6feel privileged to. 对感到荣幸 7pay respects to. 目睹风采 8share the joys of their success 分享他们成功的喜悦 9历史性时刻 historic moments 10a new era 新时期二、Part (总题数：1，分数：40.00)2.There is a lot of difference between the East and the West when i
25、t comes to leadership and authority. In the West, leadership often tends to be task-focused and straightforward. East Asian managers, however, tend to focus more on determining who is awarded a role or task. In the East, the personal relationship often determines who gets to do what. In the traditio
26、nal East Asian culture, the boss is all-powerful and the organizational hierarchy is a critical element of managing an organization or business. As a boss, you are expected to know all the answers and be the source of clear direction. In the East, people expect the boss to instruct and lead at all t
27、imes, and staff will wait for that instruction and thus be heavily dependent on the boss. This means that people lower down the organization tend to take less initiative and ownership. This is a behavior that might be viewed by some Western managers as avoiding responsibility. Titles are also very i
28、mportant. First names are not appropriate and people use formal titles to address the boss, thus formality and respect must be observed. As many people might already know, managing conflict in public or at open meetings is largely avoided in the East. In East Asia, losing face is a major taboo. It i
29、s viewed as something quite shameful. Addressing difficult problems at an open meeting that results in someone being criticized is a big mistake. That is not to say that East Asian managers do not have conflicts with each other. Rather they will deal with any conflicts in private and in a confidenti
30、al manner. At open meetings, East Asian managers are likely to be indirect and reserved. They will handle differences in a soft and circuitous way. In the West you tend to be quite happy to address problems at an open forum. It is often viewed as a positive experience. Conflict is often dealt with i
31、n an open and direct way, that is, where problems occur, they are frequently dealt with head on. （分数：40.00）_正确答案：()解析：一谈到领导和权威，东西方之间的差异是多方面的。在西方，领导权通常是以任务为中心的，而且直截了当。而东亚的经理更注重的是决定谁是否胜任某项工作和任务。在东方，个人关系往往会决定谁能够做什么事情。在东亚的传统文化里，公司老板掌握着全部的权力，组织等级是管理一个组织或公司的关键因素。公司的老板必须无所不知并能够随时指明方向。员工总是期待老板的指示和领导，因此也过多地依
32、赖他们的老板。这意味着处于公司下层的人员一般较少采取主动，缺乏主人翁的精神。这种行为在西方经理的眼里就是逃避责任。头衔也显得很重要，称呼老板的名是不得体的，员工必须使用正式的头衔来称呼他们的老板，始终要注意规矩和表现出尊敬。许多人都知道，东方人一般回避在公共场合或在公开会议上处理冲突和矛盾。丢面子在东亚是一个大禁忌，丢面子被认为是很可耻的事情。在公开会议上发难而引起对某人的批评被认为是一大失误。但这并不意味着东亚的经理互相之间就没有冲突，他们处理冲突的方式通常是私下的和秘密的。在公开会议上，东亚的经理说话时总显得矜持和委婉，他们处理矛盾的方式是柔弱迂回的。西方人乐于在公开论坛上诘难，而这种做法
33、通常被认为是一种态度积极的表现。处理冲突的方式都是公开和直接的，问题一出现，通常能马上得到处理。 解析 本文是一篇关于中西方管理差异的发言。文章从领导权、老板和员工的关系、处理矛盾和冲突的方式等几个方面讲述了中西方在管理方面存在的差异。 本文要求应试者在短时间内记录讲话的核心内容。本文主要是比较中西方管理差异，应试者在记笔记时应该注意分清条理。每一个比较点下面分东、西方进行记录。此外，应试者还需要在较短的时间内，理解、分析、简化或切分长难句，避免从句堆积；对于一些较为生僻的词汇，不能死译、硬译，而应该在理解的基础上意译。 基本素质采分点 下面的单词、短语是这篇文章考查的基础知识点，涉及惯用表达
34、和相关知识领域的专有名词等，是应试者理解、翻译的关键。 1leadership 领导 2authority 权威 3East Asia 东亚 4title 头衔 5taboo 禁忌 结构理解采分点 下面是本文出现的长难句，要求应试者迅速理解句子大意，分析出句子中所包含的意群，转换成通顺、地道的目的语。在这个转换的过程中，应试者可以采取词类转换、语态转换、语序调整、增删词语、句子切分等翻译技巧。 1There is a lot of difference between the East and the West when it comes to leadership and authority
35、. 原文句子结构分析如下：1)(主句)存在句+(从句)时间状语从句；2)存在句中的“difference between the East and the West”需要根据汉语表达习惯改变词序，将主体 the East and the West提前；在翻译时间状语从句时，应将其提前至主句前面； 2In the traditional East Asian culture the boss is all-powerful and the organizational hierarchy is a critical element of managing an organization or b
36、usiness. 原句是由 and连接的并列句，1)分句 1的句子结构分析如下：(主语)the boss+(谓语)is+(表语)all-powerful；2)分句 2的句子结构分析如下： (主语)the organizational hierarchy+(谓语)is+(表语)a critical element；处理第一个分句的表语“all-powerful”时，需要进行词类转化，将形容词“all-powerful”转化为名词“全部的权利”。第二个分句中的“of managing an organization or business”应该根据汉语表达习惯提前至表语的前面。 3This mea
37、ns that people lower down the organization tend to take less initiative and ownership. 原句句子结构分析如下：1)(主语)this+(谓语)means+宾语从句；2)宾语从句的句子结构如下：(主语)people+(谓语)tend to take+(宾语)less initiative and ownership；宾语从句中的 lower down the organization是“people”的后置定语，翻译时，应该根据汉语表达习惯提前至“people”前面。处理“initiative”和“ownersh
38、ip”两个抽象词语时，应该通过增词法将其具体化为一种精神。 4As many people might already know, managing conflict in public or at open meetings is largely avoided in the East. 原句主干分析如下：(主语)managing conflict+(谓语)is avoided；根据句子主干分析，原句中没有宾语，而实际上，谓语动词中的行为施动者隐藏在地点状语“in the East”中，翻译时，应该将被动语态转化为主动语态，动作的施动者在译文中充当主语。 5Addressing diffic
39、ult problems at an open meeting that results in someone being criticized is a big mistake. 原句主干分析如下：(主语)addressing difficult problems+(谓语)is+(表语)a mistake。根据汉语表达习惯，翻译时，地点状语“at an open meeting”应该移至句首。 言语表达采分点 应试者不仅需要从宏观上整体把握原文的结构、意思，还需要从微观上正确理解、表达一些重要短语、单词。 1personal relationship 个人关系 2all-powerful 全
40、部权力 3be heavily dependent on 过多地依赖 4initiative 主动 5ownership 主人翁精神 6losing face 丢面子 7in private 私下 8in a confidential manner 秘密的方式 9in an open and direct way 公开和直接的方式 10head on 马上三、Part (总题数：1，分数：-1.00)3.女士们，先生们： 英国以其灿烂的文化，众多的发明创造为世界文明和进步做出了巨大的贡献，也对中国社会的发展产生了重要的影响。改革开放以来，中国积极提倡学习、吸收包括英国在内的世界各国先进的科学技
41、术、管理经验和优秀文化成果，以促进自己的现代化进程。中国一贯重视英国在欧洲及世界的地位和作用。中英都是联合国安理会常任理事国，在维护世界和平、促进共同发展方面肩负着重大责任，也存在着广泛的共同利益。我们应该站在战略高度，以长远眼光来看待中英关系，希望双方多来往，多了解，多协商，多合作。 （分数：-1.00）_正确答案：()解析：Ladies and Gentlemen, With its splendid culture and numerous inventions, Britain has made tremendous contribution to human civilization
42、 and progress. It has also exerted an important influence on China“s social development. Since the beginning of reform and opening-up, we have called upon our people to study and draw upon advanced science and technology, managerial expertise and free cultural achievements of Britain and other count
43、ries with the goal of boosting our own modernization drive. China has always attached importance to the United Kingdom and its role in Europe and in the world. Both China and the UK are permanent members of the UN Security Council, shouldering major responsibilities and having extensive shared inter
44、ests in safeguarding world peace and promoting common development. We should view China-Britain relations from a strategic and long-term point of view. I hope our two sides will make further efforts to increase contact and understanding, and strengthen consultation and cooperation between our two countries.
