1、翻译三级口译实务-5 及答案解析(总分：100.00，做题时间：90 分钟)一、BPart /B(总题数：1，分数：20.00)1.A：您好!怀特先生。我叫夏征，是天明电机进口公司的副总经理。虽然这是我们首次见面，但在过去的函电往来中，我经常见到您的名字，久仰了。B: This is my first visit to the metropolis of Guangzhou and Im deeply impressed by what Ive seen here.A：您到这儿已经好几天了吧?去过哪些地方呢?B: Yes, Ive been round the city, and seen s
2、ome famous sites of historical interest. I enjoyed the visits very much, especially the visits to the museums.A： 您这么喜欢我们的城市，真是太好了。我想您也喜欢我们的商务建议吧。不知道您给我们带来了什么好消息?B: Well, I think we have explained to you in our correspondence why we could not accept your proposal. As you know, what you intend to buy
3、from us will involve the whole factory equipment including the necessary accessories and parts. Thats really a tremendous amount of work as well as money which are beyond our means.A：贵公司是世界上著名的跨国公司，电机业的龙头老大，我们要买的这个成套设备对你们来说根本算不了什么。B: But, Mr. Xia, you should understand that ours is a branch and our
4、plan must be approved by the board of directors of the multinational before it is put into practice.A：我能理解。跨国公司子公司的财务都是独立核算、自负盈亏的。我了解贵公司，单独制造我们要买的这些成套设备对你们来说是毫无问题的，况且必要的时候你们总部还会给予财务帮助呢。B: Oh, I agree on that point. But you see, even if our head office gives us any financial aid, interest has to be p
5、aid just the same as a loan from a commercial bank. By the way, what about the bankers guarantee?A：我们会请中国银行担保。您有什么具体建议吗？B: Yes. I propose that payment be made by installments, that is, after each shipment we will send you the Bs/L and other necessary documents through our bank and yours the Bank of
6、China. To ensure the payment, the Bank of China should give us a written letter to the effect that they will guarantee the payment if the buyer fails to do so. And the letter of guarantee should reach us two months before shipment is due, as stipulated in the contract.A：对于您的这个建议我要带回去向我们的总经理汇报。我们公司要对
7、这个问题进行研究，待我们拿出最终方案后，我们再约时间讨论好吗？B: OK. I am looking forward to the good news. （分数：20.00）_二、BPart /B(总题数：1，分数：40.00)2.There is a lot of difference between the East and the West when it comes to leadership and authority. In the West, leadership often tends to be task-focused and straightforward. East A
8、sian managers, however, tend to focus more on determining who is awarded a role or task. In the East, the personal relationship often determines who gets to do what. In the traditional East Asian culture, the boss is all-powerful and the organizational hierarchy is a critical element of managing an
9、organization or business. As a boss, you are expected to know all the answers and be the source of clear direction. In the East, people expect the boss to instruct and lead at all times, and staff will wait for that instruction and thus be heavily dependent on the boss. This means that people lower
10、down the organization tend to take less initiative and ownership. This is a behavior that might be viewed by some Western managers as avoiding responsibility. Titles are also very important. First names are not appropriate and people use formal titles to address the boss, thus formality and respect
11、must be observed. As many people might already know, managing conflict in public or at open meetings is largely avoided in the East. In East Asia, losing face is a major taboo. It is viewed as something quite shameful. Addressing difficult problems at an open meeting that results in someone being cr
12、iticized is a big mistake. That is not to say that East Asian managers do not have conflicts with each other. Rather they will deal with any conflicts in private and in a confidential manner. At open meetings, East Asian managers are likely to be indirect and reserved. They will handle differences i
13、n a soft and circuitous way. In the West you tend to be quite happy to address problems at an open forum. It is often viewed as a positive experience. Conflict is often dealt with in an open and direct way, that is, where problems occur, they are frequently dealt with head on. （分数：40.00）_三、BPart /B(
14、总题数：1，分数：40.00)3.文化遗产是人类文明的重要载体，是人类发展的历史见证，不仅反映出人类改造自然、进化自己的艰苦卓绝的经历，又展现出人类创造文明辉煌的智慧和勤奋，是人类祖先留给后代人的无比宝贵的财富。保护和利用好文化遗产，是世界人民的共同责任，对增进各国之间的相互了解，加强不同文化和文明之间的交流，起着重要的促进作用。保护本国的文化遗产反映了各国对自身历史及文化特性的认同和自豪感。对各国文化遗产的确认和保护，同样是人类文明多样性和社会进步的重要标志。我们呼吁国际社会尽快采取实际行动，对物质文化遗产进行清点和保护。中国一贯支持并积极参与保护世界文化和自然遗产的国际合作，一直致力于提高
15、本国人民的文化遗产保护意识，加强对世界文化遗产的保护，取得了举世瞩目的成绩。我们将同有关各方一道，把此次世界文化遗产大会办成一次成功的盛会，为世界文化遗产事业的发展做出新的贡献。 （分数：40.00）_翻译三级口译实务-5 答案解析(总分：100.00，做题时间：90 分钟)一、BPart /B(总题数：1，分数：20.00)1.A：您好!怀特先生。我叫夏征，是天明电机进口公司的副总经理。虽然这是我们首次见面，但在过去的函电往来中，我经常见到您的名字，久仰了。B: This is my first visit to the metropolis of Guangzhou and Im deep
16、ly impressed by what Ive seen here.A：您到这儿已经好几天了吧?去过哪些地方呢?B: Yes, Ive been round the city, and seen some famous sites of historical interest. I enjoyed the visits very much, especially the visits to the museums.A： 您这么喜欢我们的城市，真是太好了。我想您也喜欢我们的商务建议吧。不知道您给我们带来了什么好消息?B: Well, I think we have explained to y
17、ou in our correspondence why we could not accept your proposal. As you know, what you intend to buy from us will involve the whole factory equipment including the necessary accessories and parts. Thats really a tremendous amount of work as well as money which are beyond our means.A：贵公司是世界上著名的跨国公司，电机
18、业的龙头老大，我们要买的这个成套设备对你们来说根本算不了什么。B: But, Mr. Xia, you should understand that ours is a branch and our plan must be approved by the board of directors of the multinational before it is put into practice.A：我能理解。跨国公司子公司的财务都是独立核算、自负盈亏的。我了解贵公司，单独制造我们要买的这些成套设备对你们来说是毫无问题的，况且必要的时候你们总部还会给予财务帮助呢。B: Oh, I agree
19、on that point. But you see, even if our head office gives us any financial aid, interest has to be paid just the same as a loan from a commercial bank. By the way, what about the bankers guarantee?A：我们会请中国银行担保。您有什么具体建议吗？B: Yes. I propose that payment be made by installments, that is, after each ship
20、ment we will send you the Bs/L and other necessary documents through our bank and yours the Bank of China. To ensure the payment, the Bank of China should give us a written letter to the effect that they will guarantee the payment if the buyer fails to do so. And the letter of guarantee should reach
21、 us two months before shipment is due, as stipulated in the contract.A：对于您的这个建议我要带回去向我们的总经理汇报。我们公司要对这个问题进行研究，待我们拿出最终方案后，我们再约时间讨论好吗？B: OK. I am looking forward to the good news. （分数：20.00）_正确答案：(A: Howre you! Mr. White. My name is Xia Zheng, Deputy Managing Director of Tianming Electrical Machine Imp
22、ort Corp. Though it is the first time we met, I have been very familiar with your name in the past business correspondence. I have long expected to see you. B：这是我第一次来广州这座大都市。在这里所见到的一切给我留下了深刻的印象。 A: You have been here for quite several days, I suppose. What scenic spots have you visited? B：是的，我到各处逛了一
23、遍，参观一些名胜古迹，很开心，尤其是参观了一些博物馆。 A: Thats very good you like our city. I suppose you also like our business proposal. Any good news have you brought us? B：噢，我想在我们双方交往的函电中，我们已经解释清楚了为什么不能接受你们的建议。您知道，贵方想从我方购买的涉及一个完整工厂的设备，包括必要的附加部件。工作量太大，而且需要一笔巨款，我公司承担不起。 A: Your corporation is a world-famous multinational a
24、nd the leader in the electrical machine community. Its really nothing for you to finance the manufacturing of the complete plant. B：但是，夏先生您知道我公司只是一个子公司，我们的计划在实施之前都必须得到跨国公司董事会的批准。 A: I can understand that a branch of a multinational is independent in finance and responsible for its own financial gain
25、s or losses. I know about your branch. It is out of question for you to manufacture the complete plant that we intend to buy. As regards financing, you may get help from your head office. B：噢，这点我是同意的。但是，即使总公司给予我们财务帮助，我们同样要付利息的，就跟从商业银行贷款一样。不知你们银行担保的事情如何? A: We will ask the Bank of China for help. Do
26、you have any specific proposal now? B：有的。我建议采用分期付款的办法，即每次装运之后，我们将通过我方银行和你们的中国银行把提单和其它一些必要的单证转交你方。为了确保付款，中国银行应向我方出一份担保函，大意是如果买方不能付款，中国银行保证会付款。担保函必须在合同规定的装运期前两个月到达我方。 A: Ill report to our general managing director on your proposal. Well have a discussion on this issue. Shall we schedule another appoin
27、tment when we reach the final conclusion? B：好的，我恭候佳音。)解析：解析 本文是一篇商务对话，一方来自电机业著名跨国公司，一方来自电机进口公司。双方就电机的购买问题进行交谈。这要求应试者掌握一些商务交谈的基础知识、词汇。 应试者还需要在较短的时间内，理解、分析、简化或切分长难句，避免从句堆积；对于一些较为生僻的词汇，不能死译、硬译，而应该在理解的基础上意译；商务交谈不同于日常对话，需要注意措辞技巧，这在英汉两种语言中是不同的，在翻译时，要注意变通。 基本素质采分点 下面的单词、短语是这篇对话考查的基础知识点，涉及惯用表达和相关知识领域的专有名词等，
28、是应试者理解、翻译的关键。 1副总经理 Deputy Managing Director 2board of directors 董事会 3Bs/L 提单 4document 单证 5Bank of China 中国银行 结构理解采分点 下面是本文出现的长难句，要求应试者迅速理解句子大意，分析出句子中所包含的意群，转换成通顺、地道的目的语。在这个转换的过程中，应试者可以采取词类转换、语态转换、语序调整、增删词语、句子切分等翻译技巧。 1虽然这是我们首次见面，但在过去的函电往来中，我经常见到您的名字，久仰了原句的主干是“虽然但”连接的表示转折关系的句子，“但”后面的分句主干结构是“(状语)在过去
29、的函电往来中+(主语)我+(谓语)见到+(宾语)名字”，翻译时，根据汉语表达习惯，应该将状语部分移至句末。 2This is my first visit to the metropolis of Guangzhou and Im deeply impressed by what Ive seen here. 原句是“and”连接的两个并列分句，根据汉语表达习惯，在处理前一个分句中的“metropolis of Guangzhou”时，需要调整词序，翻译为“广州这座大都市”；后一分句中的主谓结构“Im impressed”需要进行语态转换，将被动语态转换为主动语态。 3As you know,
30、 what you intend to buy from us will involve the whole factory equipment including the necessary accessories and parts. 在商务会谈中，需要注意措辞，原文的“you”，在翻译成汉语时，应该使用汉语中的尊敬语“您”、“贵方”等。 4But, Mr. Xia. you should understand that ours is a branch and our plan must be approved by the board of directors of the multi
31、national before it is put into practice. 原句句子结构分析如下：1)(主语)you+(谓语)should understand+(宾语从句 1)+and+(宾语从句 2)；2)宾语从句 2 的句子结构分析如下：(主语) our plan+(谓语)must be approved+(宾语)by the board of directors of the multinational+(时间状语)before it is put into practice；处理宾语从句 2 时，需要注意被动语态的变通和时间状语的位置。 5To ensure the payme
32、nt, the Bank of China should give us a written letter to the effect that they will guarantee the payment if the buyer fails to do so. 原句句子主干分析如下：(主语)Bank of China+(谓语)should give+(间接宾语)us+(直接宾语)a letter。翻译时，需要注意商务交谈措辞，其中“us”应翻译为“我方”，letter 应翻译为“函”。 言语表达采分点 应试者不仅需要从宏观上整体把握原文的结构、意思，还需要从微观上正确理解、表达一些重要短
33、语、单词。 1商务建议 business proposal 2mount of work 工作量 3branch 子公司 4put into practice 实施 5head office 总部 6loan 贷款 7bankers guarantee 银行担保 8installment 分期付款 9shipment 装运 10letter of guarantee 担保函二、BPart /B(总题数：1，分数：40.00)2.There is a lot of difference between the East and the West when it comes to leadersh
34、ip and authority. In the West, leadership often tends to be task-focused and straightforward. East Asian managers, however, tend to focus more on determining who is awarded a role or task. In the East, the personal relationship often determines who gets to do what. In the traditional East Asian cult
35、ure, the boss is all-powerful and the organizational hierarchy is a critical element of managing an organization or business. As a boss, you are expected to know all the answers and be the source of clear direction. In the East, people expect the boss to instruct and lead at all times, and staff wil
36、l wait for that instruction and thus be heavily dependent on the boss. This means that people lower down the organization tend to take less initiative and ownership. This is a behavior that might be viewed by some Western managers as avoiding responsibility. Titles are also very important. First nam
37、es are not appropriate and people use formal titles to address the boss, thus formality and respect must be observed. As many people might already know, managing conflict in public or at open meetings is largely avoided in the East. In East Asia, losing face is a major taboo. It is viewed as somethi
38、ng quite shameful. Addressing difficult problems at an open meeting that results in someone being criticized is a big mistake. That is not to say that East Asian managers do not have conflicts with each other. Rather they will deal with any conflicts in private and in a confidential manner. At open
39、meetings, East Asian managers are likely to be indirect and reserved. They will handle differences in a soft and circuitous way. In the West you tend to be quite happy to address problems at an open forum. It is often viewed as a positive experience. Conflict is often dealt with in an open and direc
40、t way, that is, where problems occur, they are frequently dealt with head on. （分数：40.00）_正确答案：(一谈到领导和权威，东西方之间的差异是多方面的。在西方，领导权通常是以任务为中心的，而且直截了当。而东亚的经理更注重的是决定谁是否胜任某项工作和任务。在东方，个人关系往往会决定谁能够做什么事情。在东亚的传统文化里，公司老板掌握着全部的权力，组织等级是管理一个组织或公司的关键因素。公司的老板必须无所不知并能够随时指明方向。员工总是期待老板的指示和领导，因此也过多地依赖他们的老板。这意味着处于公司下层的人员一般较
41、少采取主动，缺乏主人翁的精神。这种行为在西方经理的眼里就是逃避责任。头衔也显得很重要，称呼老板的名是不得体的，员工必须使用正式的头衔来称呼他们的老板，始终要注意规矩和表现出尊敬。许多人都知道，东方人一般回避在公共场合或在公开会议上处理冲突和矛盾。丢面子在东亚是一个大禁忌，丢面子被认为是很可耻的事情。在公开会议上发难而引起对某人的批评被认为是一大失误。但这并不意味着东亚的经理互相之间就没有冲突，他们处理冲突的方式通常是私下的和秘密的。在公开会议上，东亚的经理说话时总显得矜持和委婉，他们处理矛盾的方式是柔弱迂回的。西方人乐于在公开论坛上诘难，而这种做法通常被认为是一种态度积极的表现。处理冲突的方式
42、都是公开和直接的，问题一出现，通常能马上得到处理。)解析：解析 本文是一篇关于中西方管理差异的发言。文章从领导权、老板和员工的关系、处理矛盾和冲突的方式等几个方面讲述了中西方在管理方面存在的差异。 本文要求应试者在短时间内记录讲话的核心内容。本文主要是比较中西方管理差异，应试者在记笔记时应该注意分清条理。每一个比较点下面分东、西方进行记录。此外，应试者还需要在较短的时间内，理解、分析、简化或切分长难句，避免从句堆积；对于一些较为生僻的词汇，不能死译、硬译，而应该在理解的基础上意译。 基本素质采分点 下面的单词、短语是这篇文章考查的基础知识点，涉及惯用表达和相关知识领域的专有名词等，是应试者理解
43、、翻译的关键。 1leadership 领导 2authority 权威 3East Asia 东亚 4title 头衔 5taboo 禁忌 结构理解采分点 下面是本文出现的长难句，要求应试者迅速理解句子大意，分析出句子中所包含的意群，转换成通顺、地道的目的语。在这个转换的过程中，应试者可以采取词类转换、语态转换、语序调整、增删词语、句子切分等翻译技巧。 1There is a lot of difference between the East and the West when it comes to leadership and authority. 原文句子结构分析如下：1)(主句)存
44、在句+(从句)时间状语从句；2)存在句中的“difference between the East and the West”需要根据汉语表达习惯改变词序，将主体 the East and the West 提前；在翻译时间状语从句时，应将其提前至主句前面； 2In the traditional East Asian culture the boss is all-powerful and the organizational hierarchy is a critical element of managing an organization or business. 原句是由 and 连
45、接的并列句，1)分句 1 的句子结构分析如下：(主语)the boss+(谓语)is+(表语)all-powerful；2)分句 2 的句子结构分析如下： (主语)the organizational hierarchy+(谓语)is+(表语)a critical element；处理第一个分句的表语“all-powerful”时，需要进行词类转化，将形容词“all-powerful”转化为名词“全部的权利”。第二个分句中的“of managing an organization or business”应该根据汉语表达习惯提前至表语的前面。 3This means that people l
46、ower down the organization tend to take less initiative and ownership. 原句句子结构分析如下：1)(主语)this+(谓语)means+宾语从句；2)宾语从句的句子结构如下：(主语)people+(谓语)tend to take+(宾语)less initiative and ownership；宾语从句中的 lower down the organization 是“people”的后置定语，翻译时，应该根据汉语表达习惯提前至“people”前面。处理“initiative”和“ownership”两个抽象词语时，应该通过
47、增词法将其具体化为一种精神。 4As many people might already know, managing conflict in public or at open meetings is largely avoided in the East. 原句主干分析如下：(主语)managing conflict+(谓语)is avoided；根据句子主干分析，原句中没有宾语，而实际上，谓语动词中的行为施动者隐藏在地点状语“in the East”中，翻译时，应该将被动语态转化为主动语态，动作的施动者在译文中充当主语。 5Addressing difficult problems at
48、 an open meeting that results in someone being criticized is a big mistake. 原句主干分析如下：(主语)addressing difficult problems+(谓语)is+(表语)a mistake。根据汉语表达习惯，翻译时，地点状语“at an open meeting”应该移至句首。 言语表达采分点 应试者不仅需要从宏观上整体把握原文的结构、意思，还需要从微观上正确理解、表达一些重要短语、单词。 1personal relationship 个人关系 2all-powerful 全部权力 3be heavily dependent on 过多地依赖 4initiative 主动 5ow
