1、大学英语四级分类模拟题 347及答案解析(总分：100.00，做题时间：90 分钟)一、Reading Comprehensio(总题数：0，分数：0.00)Since early colonial times American people have shown a great concern for education. There were a very high proportion of educated men among the first settlers. In the Massachusetts colony in the early 1600s, there was an
2、 average of one university man to every 40 or 50 familiesmuch higher than in England. Some of these men, many of whom graduated from Cambridge, came together and founded Harvard College in 1636, 140 years before American Independence. Before the Revolution in 1776, nine colleges had already been ope
3、ned in the colonies, and most of them later became universities. Within thirty years of the first settlement in Massachusetts, all towns were required to hire a schoolmaster at public expense. Other colonies also prepared for flee public schools. Throughout the 17th century, for instance, free schoo
4、ls had been established in a number of places. In 1787 the Continental Congress asked every new township to reserve one plot of land for public schools. By 1900, there were almost a thousand institutions of higher education in the U.S. Among them were law and medical schools and hundreds of small, f
5、our-year liberal art colleges. One of the latter, Oberlin College, which was founded in 1837 in Ohio, was the first to admit women on an equal basis with men. Today, about 43 million pupils and students attend public elementary and secondary schools, which do not charge tuition but rely on local and
6、 state taxes for funding. And another 6 million attend private schools, for which their parents pay tuition. Four out of five private schools are run by religious groups, where religious instruction is part of the curriculum. There are also a small but growing number of parents who educate their chi
7、ldren themselves at home, a practice known as home schooling. Every year, about 12 million Americans are enrolled in the over 3,000 colleges and universities of every type. Nearly 80 percent of the college students attend public institutions, while a little over 20 percent are enrolled in privately
8、supported universities and colleges. The early emphasis given to education remains today. United Nations figures (1980) show that in the amount spent on education per capita, the U.S. is in the ninth place in the world.（分数：20.00）(1).Who founded Harvard College?（分数：4.00）A.Many Cambridge graduates.B.S
9、ome men who graduated from universities.C.Some first settlers who were educated in Massachusetts.D.Many Americans with a great concern for education.(2).What was every new town required to do in the late 18th century?（分数：4.00）A.To establish flee schools in many places.B.To prepare for teachers at pu
10、blic expense.C.To keep one plot of land for public schools.D.To make provisions for free public schools.(3).What types of parents are small but growing in number?（分数：4.00）A.Parents who educate their children themselves at home.B.Parents rich enough to send their children to private schools.C.Parents
11、 who pay tuition for schools run by religious group.D.Parents who don“t like to practice home schooling.(4).Why don“t parents need to pay tuition for public elementary and secondary schools?（分数：4.00）A.The schools are run by rich religious groups.B.The schools have about 43 million pupils and student
12、s.C.The schools are free from taxes and can save a lot of money.D.The schools depend on local and state taxes for funding.(5).Which of the following statements is true?（分数：4.00）A.It was not until American Independence that the first college was founded in America.B.Oberlin College was the first law
13、school to admit women on an equal basis with men.C.About 20 percent of the American college students are enrolled in privately supported universities and colleges every year.D.The United States is in the ninth place in amount of time spent on education a year.So long as teachers fail to distinguish
14、between teaching and learning, they will continue to undertake to do for children that which only children can do for themselves. Teaching children to read is not passing reading on to them. It is certainly not endless hours spent in activities about reading. Douglas insists that “reading cannot be
15、taught directly and schools should stop trying to do the impossible.“ Teaching and learning are two entirely different processes. They differ in kind and function. The function of teaching is to create the conditions and the climate that will make it possible for children to devise the most efficien
16、t system for teaching themselves to read. Teaching is also a public activity: It can be seen and observed. Learning to read involves all that each individual does to make sense of the word of printed language. Almost all of it is private, for learning is an occupation of the mind, and that process i
17、s not open to public scrutiny . If teacher and learner roles are not interchangeable, what then can be done through teaching that will aid the child in the quest (追求) for knowledge? Smith has one principal rule for all teaching instructions. “Make learning to read easy, which means making reading a
18、meaningful, enjoyable and frequent experience for children.“ When the roles of teacher and learner are seen for what they are, and when both teacher and learner fulfill them appropriately, then much of the pressure and feeling of failure for both is eliminated. Learning to read is made easier when t
19、eachers create an environment where children are given the opportunity to solve the problem of learning to read by reading.（分数：20.00）(1).The problem with the reading course as mentioned in the first paragraph is that _.（分数：4.00）A.it is one of the most difficult school coursesB.students spend endless
20、 hours in readingC.reading tasks are assigned with little guidanceD.too much time is spent on teaching about reading(2).The teaching of reading will be successful if _.（分数：4.00）A.teachers can improve conditions at school for the studentsB.teachers can enable students to develop their own way of read
21、ingC.teachers can devise the most efficient system for readingD.teachers can make their teaching activities observable(3).The word “scrutiny“ (Line 3, Para.3) most probably means “_“.（分数：4.00）A.inquiryB.observationC.controlD.suspicion(4).According to the passage, learning to read will no longer be a
22、 difficult task when _.（分数：4.00）A.children become highly motivatedB.teacher and learner roles are interchange ableC.teaching helps children in the search for knowledgeD.reading enriches children“s experience(5).The main idea of the passage is that _.（分数：4.00）A.teachers should do as little as possibl
23、e in helping students learn to readB.teachers should encourage students to read as widely as possibleC.reading ability is something acquired rather than taughtD.reading is more complicated than generally believedThoreau said education often made straight-cut ditches out of twisting small streams. Bu
24、t not at the EcoDorm, which houses 36 undergraduates and is the spiritual heart of Warren Wilson College, a liberal-arts school of fewer than 1,000 students in Swannanoa, N.C. In recent years, colleges like Warren Wilson took a leading role in the sustainability movement, which seeks to develop a du
25、rable human relationship with the environment. More than 600 U.S. colleges and universities have signed up for a pledge to become carbon neutral. Ninety dorms are now LEED certified, the most widely accepted national standard for green design. The EcoDorm is one of only two student residences that h
26、ave LEED“s highest rating. Two Warren Wilson students first proposed the dorm a decade ago. Undergraduates on the planning committee initially suggested that it be built with corncobs or straw. The design, by Asheville-based Samsel Architects, required compromisesas well as a number of creative solu
27、tions. The wood used for building the walls was harvested from campus trees that were suffering from a certain disease. The kitchen cabinets were made from recycled fence posts. Rainwater is collected into a disused railway tanker car and pumped back into the house to clean the low-flow toilets. Two
28、 toilets, which convert decaying organic matter to fertilizer, are also available on the second floor; students shovel in wood chips after they use them. The EcoDorm consumes nearly two-thirds less electricity than would a conventional building of the same size. Margo Flood, the executive director o
29、f Warren Wilson“s Environmental Leadership Center, says those who apply to live there “see an integration between their actions and their values.“ They pledge not to use hair dryers. Their music does not have its sound made louder electronically. The residents plant and harvest scores of fruits and
30、vegetables in their garden. The EcoDorm“s residents speak of the comfort of finding a home where their values are shared. “I didn“t have to worry about paper towels being wasted or feeling bad about drying my clothes outside,“ Jeremy Lekich, a senior who oversees the dorm“s garden, says. “Basically,
31、 it has made my life easier.“（分数：20.00）(1).What is the aim of the sustainability movement?（分数：4.00）A.To persuade university to become carbon neutral.B.To develop durable dorms for undergraduates.C.To boost harmonious human-environment relationship.D.To play a leading role in protecting environment.(
32、2).What do we learn about Warren Wilson College?（分数：4.00）A.It has ninety LEED certified student residences.B.It has one of the most sustainable dorms.C.It established the first green student residences.D.It can provide dorms for only a few students.(3).The design by Asheville-based Samsel Architects
33、 required compromises in _.（分数：4.00）A.the electricity provided for the dormB.the means of collecting rainwaterC.the appearance design of the buildingD.the building materials of the dorm(4).What do the EcoDorm“s residents have in common?（分数：4.00）A.Their desire for comfort.B.Their belief in the import
34、ance of actions.C.Their values on the environment.D.Their ways of fulfilling their ideals.(5).What is allowed to do in the EcoDorm?（分数：4.00）A.Use hair dryers.B.Dry clothes outdoors.C.Play music loudly with electronic equipment.D.Use electricity in the day time.College-bound American high school stud
35、ents usually have some combination of parents, teachers, guidance counselors, or peers to support them in the tough process of applying to and beginning college. Unfortunately, adults who want to go to collegeparticularly adults who have been out of school for a long timegenerally have no such suppo
36、rt system. “Adults have a much harder time starting out in college because, unlike regular students, they have adult obligationsraising children and working full timethat often conflict with the demands of school,“ says Deepa Rao, a World Education expert. “Also, adults who have been out of school f
37、or a long time may not be academically prepared for college level work. Some have little exposure to technologies like email and Internet research, which are an increasing part of college communication and courses. They may be unaware of available resources, such as financial aid, tutoring centers o
38、r mentoring programs, and may be unfamiliar with terms such as “bursar“ and “prerequisite.“ And if you don“t know where to begin or what to do once you do get there, it“s easy to get overwhelmed and simply give up.“ The challenges that working adults face when going to college inspired Deepa to deve
39、lop a web page and website as part of World Education“s National College Transition Network (NCTN), an online forum for technical assistance, news, and helpful resources for educators, policy makers, and others interested in adult learning. The new website is a counterpart (对应物) to the NCTN, set up
40、to guide adults who are considering college through the process of applying to and succeeding in school. The website is arranged like a college campus, with “buildings“ representing the sort of departments and classrooms housed on a college campus. Each building contains “classes“ that describe the
41、admissions process, where to look for grants and scholarships, and lists resources, where an out-of-practice student can review reading, writing, and math. There are also lists of advice and resources to help students with their college life. Another helpful aspect of this interactive, multimedia si
42、te is its audio capacity: all texts can be read to the visitor. This particular feature is especially helpful for people with visual problems or learning disabilities. The cycle of learning runs from cradle to grave, and World Education works to break down barriers to education for people of all age
43、s, all over the world.（分数：20.00）(1).According to the passage, working adults find it difficult to start their college education because _.（分数：4.00）A.they are too busy and academically unpreparedB.they have been out of school for quite a long timeC.tutoring resources in college are unavailable to the
44、mD.they do not have enough money for further education(2).The comparison between adult students and regular students shows that _.（分数：4.00）A.the latter are less prepared than the formerB.the latter have more problems than the formerC.the former have more problems than the latterD.the former are no l
45、ess prepared than the latter(3).The purpose of the website is to _.（分数：4.00）A.help adult students edit web pagesB.provide adult students with guidanceC.solve financial problems of adult studentsD.enable students to repair computers by themselves(4).The newly created website provides programs _.（分数：4
46、.00）A.for regular college students onlyB.for students interested in websitesC.for students including the disabledD.for educators interested in adult learning(5).The last paragraph shows that learning _.（分数：4.00）A.involves difficultiesB.starts at ones birthplaceC.requires repeated effortsD.is a lifel
47、ong processHousing officials say that lately they are noticing something different: students seem to lack the will, and skill, to address these ordinary conflicts. “We have students who are mad at each other and they text each other in the same room,“ says a teacher. “So many of our roommate conflic
48、ts are because kids don“t know how to negotiate a problem.“ And as any pop psychologist will tell you, bottled emotions lead to silent seething (不满) that can boil over into frustration and anger. At the University of Florida, emotional outbursts occur about once a week, the university“s director of
49、housing and residence education says. “It used to be: “Let“s sit down and talk about it,“ he says, “Over the past five years, roommate conflicts have intensified. The students don“t have the person-to-person discussions and they don“t know how to handle them.“ The problem is most dramatic among freshmen; housing professionals say they see improvement as students move toward graduation, but some never seem to catch on, and they worry about how such students will deal with conflicts after college. Administrators speculate that relianc
