1、大学英语四级 286及答案解析(总分：746.56，做题时间：130 分钟)一、Writing (30 minutes)(总题数：1，分数：30.00)1.A friend of yours called Xiao Lin gave a party yesterday, which you enjoyed. In this section you are required to write an e mail to Xiao Lin to express your appreciation. You should write no more than 120 words and base yo
2、ur composition on the outline given in Chinese below: 1. 表示感谢她的邀请； 2. 晚会中你喜欢的活动； 3. 建议下次见面的安排。 （分数：30.00）_二、Reading Comprehensio(总题数：1，分数：71.00)1997 Freshman Survey: UNLV Responses Prepared by Rebecca Mills, Ed. D., Special Assistant to the President for Planning, Assessment, and Institutional Resea
3、rch March 10, 1998 Introduction Since Fall 1966, the Cooperative Institutional Research Program (CIRP) has conducted a longitudinal study of the American higher education system sponsored by the American Council on Education (ACE) and the Graduate School of Education and Information Services at the
4、University of California, Los Angeles. One project in the comprehensive study looks at the characteristics of students attending American colleges and universities as first-time, full-time freshmen. Better known as the “Freshman Survey,“ the project seeks to “provide a normative profile of the Ameri
5、can freshman population for use by individuals engaged in policy analysis, human resource planning, campus administration, educational research, and guidance and counseling.“ Results from the freshman survey often are included in the mainstream press as well as the Chronicle of Higher Education. The
6、 1997 national norms are based on the responses of 252,082 students at 464 of the nations two- and four-year colleges and universities. As a part of an institutional assessment plan, UNLV participates in the national survey of freshmen. Respondents 1,489 of UNLVs 3229 freshmen responded to the 1997
7、Freshman Survey. Of the respondents, 45.5% were male, and 54.5% were female; 71% of the respondents were 20 years of age or younger. More than half of the respondents were first-time, full-time freshmen; most others were transfer students, and a few were part time freshmen. When looked at as a group
8、, 56% of the freshmen were 1997 high school graduates; 27% graduated from high school before 1995. The majority of the respondents (67%) were white; 6% were black, 5% Native American, 9% Hispanic, and 21% Asian. (The percentages add to more than 100 because some students selected more than one respo
9、nse). One of the more interesting findings from the survey results was that 16% of the students reported that they were not native speakers of English; obviously, this has implications for faculty and for student services personnel. Despite some assumptions that UNLVs students are overwhelmingly loc
10、al residents, fully a quarter of the students indicate that their permanent residence is more than 500 miles from UNLV. However, 41% report that their permanent home is fewer than eleven miles from UNLV, and another 27% live between eleven and fifty miles from UNLV. Fully two-thirds of the students
11、expect to remain in Las Vegas once they complete their education. We know that students whose parents did not attend college face significant barriers to attaining a postsecondary education. These students tend to be less informed about postsecondary education and its processes and are significantly
12、 more likely to delay enrollment, a factor shown to inhibit attaining a bachelors degree. Among UNLVs freshmen, 54% of the students fathers and 38% of their mothers have earned at least a bachelors degree. The national norms for four-year public colleges are 45% of fathers and 41% for mothers. In ad
13、dition, a 1988 study found that educational attainment was lower for children of divorced parents or from single-parent families than for children of still-married parents. Almost two-thirds of UNLVs freshmen indicated that their parents were living together. Students Views of UNLV and University Li
14、fe Most UNLV freshmen chose deliberately to attend UNLV. Seventy percent of the students indicated that UNLV was their first choice in a college, and another 20% said that UNLV was their second choice. Fifty-six percent did not even apply to another school, but 74% indicated that they were accepted
15、at another college. The respondents come to UNLV with the full intent of earning a degree (80%), expecting to be satisfied with their college experience (43%), and feeling they fit in (91%). Although sixteen percent of the respondents expect to need extra time in attaining a degree, the freshmen hav
16、e high expectations for themselves. Two-thirds of the students indicate that they plan to earn a graduate degree during their lifetime; in fact, a third of them plan to earn a graduate degree at UNLV. Perhaps because the majority (76%) earned high school grades of B or higher, 53% expect to earn a B
17、 average in college, and 17% expect to graduate with honors. Interestingly, though, more than half of the respondents think that there is at least some chance that they will need a tutor. Despite the fact that an overwhelming majority (approximately 93%) of UNLVs undergraduates live off-campus, 90%
18、of these freshmen expect to spend out-of-class hours on campus. Many plan to participate in intramural or club sports (56%), attend on-campus fine arts evening activities (83%), and/or attend intercollegiate athletic competitions (72%). These expectations, which may surprise some faculty and staff,
19、have implications for student life activities planners and contradict the notion that UNLV, at least for students who enter as freshmen, is a “typical commuter school.“ Student Concerns about Financing their Education Many of the students (65%) have at least some concern about financing college; in
20、fact, 17% said that it was a major concern. They expect to receive the majority of their expenses from “parental or family aid“; however, almost a third of the students parents have incomes of less than $40,000. In addition, 60% of the parents are supporting three or more dependents. Fifty-six perce
21、nt of the students expect to work while attending college; in fact, almost a quarter of them indicate they plan to work full-time while in college. Twenty percent of the students expect to borrow $1,500 or more to cover the first years educational expenses; this proportion is directly in line with n
22、ational averages for other four-year, public institutions and supports increasing concern about the rising amount of student loan debt. Students Intended Majors and Careers Survey respondents were asked to select their major field of study. The results were as follows: Business 38% Engineering 7% He
23、alth Sciences 8% Sciences 9%. Other 2% Education 9% Fine Arts 7% Liberal Arts 8% Urban Affairs 6% Undecided 5% It is important to note that the survey does not include a choice for a hotel major, however, 220 freshmen enrolled in hotel courses during fall 1997 participated in the survey as a special
24、 breakout group. A detailed analysis of their responses will be prepared by Dr. Thomas Jones from the College of Hotel Administration. In addition, responses that make up the 38% in business include 18% who marked “other business“; many of these likely are hotel majors. Ten percent of the respondent
25、s were undecided about their probable career. However 28% indicated that they intend to work in business related careers, and 11% plan to pursue careers in education. All other options were selected by fewer than 5% of the students. Assessment Information The Freshman Survey is but one of several as
26、sessment projects currently underway at UNLV. The Office of Planning, Assessment, and Institutional Research currently is analyzing the Freshman Survey data, coordinating a major survey of alumni, and examining performance of UNLV students on the Graduate Record Exam and on several licensing examina
27、tions. The Office of the Provost is working with the faculty to design college-level assessment plans that focus on assessing student learning in light of identified program-level educational outcomes. In addition, major assessment is planned or underway in Continuing Education, University and Commu
28、nity Relations, and Student Affairs. The University Assessment Committee plans to share findings from major assessment activities with the campus through a flyer (小册子) called University Assessment Facts. （分数：71.00）(1).This passage is a report of the survey of UNLV freshmen of 1997.（分数：7.10）A.YB.NC.N
29、G(2).All the UNLV freshmen responded to the 1997survey.（分数：7.10）A.YB.NC.NG(3).The survey did not investigate into the family background of the freshmen.（分数：7.10）A.YB.NC.NG(4).According to the survey, most of the freshmen chose to attend UNLV willingly and they have high expectations for themselves.（
30、分数：7.10）A.YB.NC.NG(5).None of the respondents to the survey intend to select hotel administration as their major because the College of Hotel Administration is notorious for its unprofessional faculty.（分数：7.10）A.YB.NC.NG(6).The Freshman Survey is the most important survey project conducted at UNLV.（
31、分数：7.10）A.YB.NC.NG(7).The report of the Freshmen Survey is prepared by the University Assessment Committee.（分数：7.10）A.YB.NC.NG(8).The project that studies the characteristics of university freshmen is known as 1.（分数：7.10）填空项 1:_(9).The fact that quite a number of the freshmen of UNLV are not native
32、speakers of English has implications for 1 and 2.（分数：7.10）填空项 1:_(10).The results related to the survey over student concern about financing their education shows that more concerned should be with the rising amount of 1.（分数：7.10）填空项 1:_三、Listening Comprehens(总题数：1，分数：15.00)A.She will do anything bu
33、t play golf.B.She seldom wants to do anything.C.She never plays, but shed like to.D.She is an enthusiastic golfer.A.She finds reading poetry rewarding.B.She made some beautiful pottery.C.She wrote some award-winning poems.D.She is now writing for a newspaper.A.They were inexpensive.B.Hes going to gi
34、ve them away.C.They were free.D.He has to return them soon.A.He isnt going out today.B.The wind is dying down.C.The thinks today is Wednesday.D.The wind is strong today.A.Go over the list.B.Do some shopping.C.List everything her friend needs.D.Go for an outing.A.Find a larger room.B.Buy two bookshel
35、ves.C.Sell the old table.D.Rearrange some furniture.A.He is in Europe to see his mother.B.He is on a European tour with his mother.C.He is at home on sick leave.D.He is attending his sick mother at home.A.A guest and a receptionist.B.A passenger and an air hostess.C.A customer and a shop assistant.D
36、.A guest and a waitress.四、Section B(总题数：2，分数：10.00)A.The woman needs the mans help.B.The man sends his car to garage and the woman is in the neighborhood.C.The woman sends her car to garage and the man is in the neighborhood.D.The woman comes to the garage to look for the man.A.He forgot to fix his
37、car last week.B.The cars filter needs to be changed.C.The cars brakes keep making squeaky noise, whenever the man taps them.D.Both B and C.A.About $200.B.About $2,000.C.About $500.D.None of the above.A.The exterior.B.The brakes.C.The filter.D.The engine.A.Her son.B.Her brother. .C.Her father.D.Her n
38、ephew.A.$50.B.$30.C.$20.D.$10.A.A chess set.B.A pen and pencil set.C.A book on athletics.D.A handball set.A.An account of a school for blind boys.B.A description of a French village.C.A story about a clever blind little boy.D.The education of the blind boys.A.By smelling them.B.By touching them.C.By
39、 recognizing their voices.D.By remembering the description of them.A.In 1891.B.In 1821.C.In 1819.D.In 1812.A.To increase the number of exam supervisors.B.To ban handsets from exam rooms.C.To equip exam sites with cell phone signal shielding facilities.D.To impose severe punishment on cheating studen
40、ts.A.They argue that Shanghai has no record of cheating scandals.B.They declare that Shanghai will follow the new regulation.C.They are indifferent to the new regulation.D.They think the new regulation is impractical.A.8.B.81.C.18.D.8.A.To install a microelectronic wave detector.B.To raise the alarm
41、.C.To install cell phone signal shielding facilities.D.To ask students to switch off the handsets.A.It had many problems.B.It was the most democratic country in the world.C.It was fair to women.D.It had some minor problems to solve.A.The women of some states.B.The women in the state of Wyoming only.
42、C.The members of the National Womens Association.D.The women in the state of Massachusetts only.A.At the very beginning of the 20th century.B.At the end of the 19th century.C.After Susan Anthonys death.D.Just before Susan Anthonys death.A.She worked on the draft of the American Constitution.B.She wa
43、s the chairman of the National Womens Association.C.She was born in New York and died in Massachusetts.D.She was an activist in the womens movement for equal rights.六、Section C(总题数：1，分数：10.00)Life insurance isnt fun to buy. It forces you to think about your death: a subject many prefer not to (36) 1
44、. But theres a single, overriding reason to buy life insurance: to provide an income for your (37) 2 should you die. Dont depend solely on an agent to (38) 3your life insurance needs. Rule-of-thumb (39) 4such as five or eight times your income are guesses: they may produce too little or too much ins
45、urance. Carry too little insurance and you may not provide a reasonable (40) 5of living for your family after your death; carry too much and you may not enjoy a reasonable of living while youre (41) 6. Most people who have life insurance dont have enough. The median amount of (42) 7for all adults wi
46、th life insurance was only 15,000 pounds in 1984. Thats obviously not enough to (43) 8a family with young children for very long. Nationwide Insurance found that (44) 9; they needed about 100, 705 pounds more. Married women carried about 43,516 worth insurance but needed some 98,507 pounds more. (45
47、) 10? First, what your familys expenses would be if you died tomorrow. Then, (46) 11 Finally, subtract the assets from the needs. The result is the amount of additional insurance that youll need to buy. （分数：10.00）填空项 1:_填空项 1:_填空项 1:_填空项 1:_填空项 1:_填空项 1:_填空项 1:_填空项 1:_填空项 1:_填空项 1:_填空项 1:_七、Reading
48、Comprehensio(总题数：2，分数：355.00)Copernicus took away our claim as humans to a special position at the centre of the Universe. Darwin forced us to take our place among the animals. Now the last refuges of mystery are being invaded as science begins to take apart human nature itself. Psychologists of every hue have been joined by neuroscientists, artificial intelligence experts, philosophers and economists in the rush to solve this last great problem. The scale and scope of activity is unprecedented. Never be
