1、大学英语四级 127及答案解析(总分：746.59，做题时间：130 分钟)一、Writing (30 minutes)(总题数：1，分数：30.00)1.For this part, you are allowed 30 minutes to write an essay entitled My Best Friend. You should write at least 120 words following the outline given below in Chinese: 1. 你最好的朋友是个什么样子的人？ 2. 你们如何成为好朋友的？ （分数：30.00）_二、Reading
2、Comprehensio(总题数：1，分数：71.00)First Impressions Count Traditionally uniforms were-and for some industries still are-manufactured to protect the worker. When they were first designed, it is also likely that all uniforms made symbolic sense-those for the military, for example, were originally intended t
3、o impress and even terrify the enemy; other uniforms denoted a hierarchy-chefs wore white because they worked with flour, but the main chef wore a black hat to show he supervised. The last 30 years, however, have seen an increasing emphasis on their role in projecting the image of an organization an
4、d in uniting the workforce into a homogeneous unit-particularly in customer facing industries, and especially in financial services and retailing. From uniforms and workwear has emerged corporate clothing. “The people you employ are your ambassadors,“ says Peter Griffin, managing director of a major
5、 retailer in the UK. “What they say, how they look, and how they behave is terribly important.“ The result is a new way of looking at corporate workwear. From being a simple means of identifying who is a member of staff, the uniform is emerging as a new channel of marketing communication. Truly effe
6、ctive marketing through visual cues such as uniforms is a subtle art, however. Wittingly or unwittingly, how we look sends all sorts of powerful subliminal messages to other people. Dark colours give an aura of authority while lighter pastel shades suggest approachability. Certain dress style create
7、s a sense of conservatism, others a sense of openness to new ideas. Neatness can suggest efficiency but, if it is overdone, it can spill over and indicate an obsession with power. “If the company is selling quality, then it must have quality uniforms. If it is selling style, its uniforms must be sty
8、lish. If it wants to appear innovative, everybody cant look exactly the same. Subliminally we see all these things,“ says Lynn Elvy, a director of image consultants House of Colour. But translating corporate philosophies into the right mix of colour, style, degree of branding and uniformity can be a
9、 fraught process. And it is Not always successful. According to Company Clothing magazine, there are 1000 companies supplying the workwear and corporate clothing market. Of these, 22 account for 85% of total sales 380 million in 1994. A successful uniform needs to balance two key sets of needs. On t
10、he one hand. No uniform will work if staff feels uncomfortable or ugly. Giving the wearers a choice has become a key element in the way corporate clothing is introduced and managed. On the other, it is pointless if the look doesnt express the businesss marketing strategy. The greatest challenge in t
11、his respect is time. When it comes to human perceptions, first impressions count. Customers will size up the way staff look in just a few second, and that few seconds will colour their attitudes from then on. Those few seconds can be so important that big companies are prepared to invest years, and
12、millions of pounds, getting them right. In addition, some uniform companies also offer rental services. “There will be an increasing specialization in the marketplace,“ predicts Mr. Blyth, Customer Services Manager of a large UK bank. The past two or three years have seen consolidation. Increasingly
13、, the big suppliers are becoming “managing agents“, which means they offer a total service to put together the whole complex operation of a companys corporate clothing package-which includes reliable sourcing, managing the inventory, budget control and distribution to either central locations or to
14、each staff member individually. Huge investments have been made in new systems, information technology and amassing quality assurance accreditations. Corporate clothing does have potential for further growth. Some banks have yet to introduce a full corporate look; police forces are researching a com
15、plete new look for the 21st century. And many employees now welcome a company wardrobe. A recent survey of staff found that 90 per cent welcomed having clothing which reflected the corporate identity. （分数：71.00）(1).Uniforms were more carefully made in the past than they are today.（分数：7.10）A.YB.NC.NG
16、(2).Uniforms make employees feel part of a team.（分数：7.10）A.YB.NC.NG(3).Using uniforms as a marketing tool requires great care.（分数：7.10）A.YB.NC.NG(4).Being too smart could have a negative impact on customs.（分数：7.10）A.YB.NC.NG(5).Most businesses that supply company clothing are successful.（分数：7.10）A.Y
17、B.NC.NG(6).Uniforms are best selected by marketing consultants.（分数：7.10）A.YB.NC.NG(7).Clothing companies are planning to offer financial services in the future.（分数：7.10）A.YB.NC.NG(8).At the beginning, it is a simple means of identifying who is a member of staff, now the uniform becomes a _.（分数：7.10）
18、_(9).The first impressions are so important that the big companies prepare to invest years and_ in order to get them right.（分数：7.10）_(10).A recent survey of staff showed that 90 percent would like to have uniforms which reflected_.（分数：7.10）_三、Listening Comprehens(总题数：1，分数：15.00)A.His father.B.Himsel
19、f.C.The state government.D.His university.A.He is a famous writer.B.He is a famous pop star.C.He is a student of the school.D.He is a rebel of the students.A.They liked classical music very much.B.The man wanted to sleep when she asked him to the concert.C.The man was not interested in classical mus
20、ic.D.Finally they went to the concert together.A.The song of number 1.B.Cold Dust.C.Sweet Girl.D.None of the above.A.film like Star Wars.B.A film about science.C.A film which can make her laugh.D.A film which can make her cry.A.He doesnt want a cup of tea.B.He will not work all the time.C.He will st
21、udy all the time.D.He wants to enjoy himself.A.To study.B.To have a better job.C.To go into management.D.To have a qualification.A.Its very difficult for him to get a job.B.Its easy to say but difficult to do.C.He has tried everything to get experience.D.He is an honest man.四、Section B(总题数：2，分数：10.0
22、0)A.He went to an Alps village in Europe for vacation.B.He likes mountain climbing.C.He is afraid of height.D.He gets frightened easily.A.It never will.B.It will, but only after a very long time.C.It will before the man is dead and gone.D.Not given.A.A glacier is smoother.B.A glacier has a larger su
23、rface area.C.A glacier never melts.D.Both A and B.A.$35.B.$50.C.$100.D.$250.A.To secure a two-bedroom apartment.B.To renew a six-month lease.C.To pay for a dishwasher.D.To cover property damage.A.For a week.B.For two weeks.C.For three weeks.D.For a month.A.Through the living-room window.B.Through th
24、e kitchen window.C.The door was unclosed.D.The neighbor gave the key.A.The friend was very hungry.B.There were eggs and chicken in the refrigerator.C.He would come late.D.The friend was good at cooking.A.The friend was expecting to stay with him.B.There was no key under the door-mat.C.The friend has
25、 a wonderful meal in his absence.D.The friend got into the neighbors flat.A.They take in fewer students than public schools do.B.They receive little or no support from public taxes.C.They are only open to rich families.D.They receive less money from their churches.A.The churches.B.The local authorit
26、ies.C.The state government.D.The private companies.A.Private schools admit more students in each class.B.Private schools charge less than religious schools.C.Private schools offer better opportunities for students development.D.Private schools offer a variety of programs.A.An examination of fanners
27、in northern Japan.B.Tests given on a thousand old people.C.Examining the brain volumes of different people.D.Using computer technology.A.Our brain contract as we grow old.B.One part of the brain does not contract.C.Sixty-year olds have better brains than thirty-year olds.D.Some peoples brains have c
28、ontracted earlier than other peoples.A.Most of us should take more exercise.B.Its better to live in the town.C.The brain contracts if it is not used.D.The more one uses his brain, the sooner he becomes old.六、Section C(总题数：1，分数：10.00)For many women nowadays, choosing whether to work or not to work ou
29、tside the home is a luxury: They must work to (36) 1Others face a hard decision. Perhaps the easiest choice has to do with (37) 2. One husband said, “Marge and I decided after careful consideration that for her to go back to work at this moment was an extravagance we couldnt (38) 3.“ With two presch
30、ool children, it soon became clear in their figuring that with babysitters, (39) 4, and increased taxes, rather than having more money by having a working mother, they might (40) 5end up with less. Economic factors are usually the first to be (41) 6, but they are not the most important. The most imp
31、ortant aspects of the decision have to do with the (42) 7needs of each member of the family. It is in this area that husbands and wives find themselves having to face many confusing and (43) 8feelings. There are many women who find that homemaking is boring or who feel imprisoned if they have to sta
32、y home with a young child or several children. (44) 9. From my own experience, I would like to suggest that sometimes the decision to go back to work is made in too much haste. (45) 10. I wasnt mature enough to see how much I could have gained at home. I regret my impatience to get on with my career
33、. (46) 11. （分数：10.00）填空项 1:_填空项 1:_填空项 1:_填空项 1:_填空项 1:_填空项 1:_填空项 1:_填空项 1:_填空项 1:_填空项 1:_填空项 1:_七、Reading Comprehensio(总题数：2，分数：355.00)We all admire the beautiful blue of a clear sky or the superb contrast between the brilliant white of the clouds and the skyblue between them. This colour, however
34、, is not natural in the atmosphere; it is an optical effect(光学效应). When light encounters a cloud of small particles, it is diffused. This may be illustrated by a familiar example. When sunlight enters a darkened room through a gap in the blinds, it will appear as a brilliant ray of light. This is be
35、cause there are tiny particles of dust suspended in the air. These, although normally invisible, catch and diffuse any strong light shining on them. The same effect can be seen in the sky when broken clouds hide the sun. Thus we can see that diffusion occurs owing to all sorts of impurities in the a
36、tmosphere. This explains all the delightfully varied shades of colour seen at different times of the day. White light is a mixture of all the colours of the rainbow or spectrum (光谱) , which, as Isaac Newton proved, can be separated by a prism. In order, they are red, orange, yellow, green, blue, vio
37、let, and they are all to be found in the solar spectrum. Red light has the longest wavelength and violet the shortest but diffused approximately sixteen times more strongly than red. The size of the particles is important. Impurities such as dust and water droplets are much larger than the molecules
38、 of gas. In the lower parts of the atmosphere where most of these impurities are concentrated, the sky is different from what it is at heights where no impurities exist. A simple observation will demonstrate this principle. Examine the smoke from a cigarette before and after it has been inhaled. At
39、first the smoke will be plainly bluish since it is made up of very minute particles; after it has been inhaled and then puffed out through the mouth, it will be yellowish because it now contains water droplets which have condensed round the particles and which are much more efficient diffuse of ligh
40、t. This is why the color of the sky is much more intense and dark blue when seen from the top of a mountain than from sealevel. In the first place there is an almost complete absence of water vapour and, more important, dust. Secondly, we are above the thickest portions of the atmosphere, and this n
41、aturally has the most powerful diffusing effect. The color of the sky varies from horizon to zenith (天顶) , since there is a different thickness of air in these two directions. The horizon always appears lighter, more whitish or even reddish, according to the state of the atmosphere. All this, incide
42、ntally, also intensifies the illusion of being under a great domethe celestial roof. （分数：177.50）(1).When sunlight enters a dark room through the blinds_.（分数：35.50）A.particles of dust are suspendedB.tiny dust particles become visibleC.it is very brightD.it becomes visible(2).Diffusion of light in the
43、 sky occurs owing to_.（分数：35.50）A.atmospheric impuritiesB.molecules of gasC.varied shades of colorD.different times of the day(3).Exhaled cigarette smoke is yellowish because_.（分数：35.50）A.it comes through the mouthB.it contains nicotineC.of water vapour in the mouthD.it is a good diffuse of light(4)
44、.The sky has a darker blue color when we look at it_.（分数：35.50）A.near a mountainB.against a mountainC.from the top of a mountainD.at the foot of a mountain(5).The color of the sky at the horizon depends on_.（分数：35.50）A.the amount of lightB.the condition of the atmosphereC.the time of the dayD.the th
45、ickness of airFor most people, the word “fashion“ means “clothes“. When people ask the question, “Whats in fashion in Italy?“ they normally mean, “What clothes are in fashion?“ And they use the adjective, “fashionable“ in the same way. “She was wearing some fashionable boots. “ “His shirt was a real
46、ly fashionable color. But, of course, there are fashions in many things, not only in clothes. There are fashions in holidays, in restaurants, in films and books. There are even fashions in university courses, jobs. . . and in languages. A few years ago, it was quite fashionable to study Russian. Now
47、 quite a lot of students want to learn Chinese. Of course, there are many reasons for thissome students can now visit China. They read about China in the newspapers. There are programmes about China on television. A number of Chinese students now study in Western Europe. There are fashions in all sorts of things. Even in a language text book! Look at the book you use to learn English. If it was published in Britain during the last five years, it probably has a lot of pictures. There will probably be handwritten letters and postcards, There may be a story and ph
