1、大学英语四级 123及答案解析(总分：746.58，做题时间：130 分钟)一、Writing (30 minutes)(总题数：1，分数：30.00)1.For this part, you are allowed 30 minutes to write a composition on the topic Laid-off Workers Need Help. You should write at least 120 words following the outline given below. 1随着国有企业的深化改革，下岗工人越来越多。 2下岗工人最需要的帮助是 3我认为，最可取的
2、措施是 （分数：30.00）_二、Reading Comprehensio(总题数：1，分数：71.00)Is Your Life Worth 30 Minutes a Day? Dont be afraid of the E word it could mean your survival. People who arent engaging in regular exercise can reap significant health benefits if they accumulate 30 minutes of moderate-intensity physical activity
3、 most days of the week. What can help prevent stroke (中风), heart disease and some cancer? What can lift depression, ease arthritis (关节炎) pain and increase both the length and quality of life to name just a few of its benefits? “If packed into a pill,“ sums up Dr. Robert Butler, former director of th
4、e National Institute on Aging, “it would be the single most widely prescribed (写处方) and beneficial medicine in the nation. “Best of all, it is free and available to everyone.“ Exercise Can Help People Stay Healthy Give up? The answer is the E word: exercise. But you dont have to change into gym shor
5、ts or, heaven forbid, sweat for an hour. Instead, the U.S. Surgeon Generals report Physical Activity and Health offers this simple exercise prescription: people who arent engaging in regular exercise can reap significant health benefits if they accumulate 30 minutes of moderate-intensity physical ac
6、tivity most days of the week. Americans Expend Much Less Energy and Time on Exercise Americans today expend much less energy than did previous generations, perhaps as much as a few hundred calories per day less. All the “advances“ that make our lives easier like e-commerce (电子商务) , and automatic doo
7、rs contribute to the current epidemic (流行病) of obesity (肥胖) and related disease. Experts say that if you expend just ten extra calories a day by being more active, over a year you can lose a pound mostly fat. And if you burn 150 extra calories a day the equivalent of a 30-minutes walk in a year that
8、s ten pounds. (If you also eat 150 calories less thats about half a candy bar you could lose an additional ten pounds.) The sad fact is that only about 15 percent of American adults engage regularly in vigorous physical activity for at least 20 minutes three times a week. More than 60 percent are no
9、t regularly physically active, and 25 percent are totally sedentary (久坐的). The Benefit of Moderate Exercise Yet the benefits of moderate exercise are amazing. Consider how exercise helps the following: diabetes (糖尿病) . The number of Americans diagnosed with diabetes has increased six fold since 1958
10、, to a record high of ten million. This alarming rise is linked to our expanding waistlines, junk food diet and inactivity. Some experts feel that the most common form of diabetes is preventable with a proper diet and regular activity. In diabetics, the hormone insulin (荷尔蒙胰岛素) does not properly reg
11、ulate glucose (葡萄糖) levels in the blood. When people exercise, the body fuels the activity by taking glucose out of their blood to use for energy. Exercise Can Help Patients Suffering from the Following Diseases Heart Attacks and Stroke. One of the simplest, safest, least expensive and most effectiv
12、e strategies for improving heart health is frequently neglected: exercise. It reduces blood pressure and can help raise the level of “good“ cholesterol (胆固醇) , while lowering “bad“ cholesterol when combined with dietary changes. Remember: for every one percent reduction in blood cholesterol, the occ
13、urrence of coronary (冠状动脉的) heart disease is reduced by two percent. Moreover, people who exercise one hour per day cut their risk for stroke nearly in half, according to a study of 11,130 Harvard University alumni (男女校友). Mental Health. When asked why she started swimming during her freshman year a
14、t Boston University, world-class endurance swimmer Julie Ridge replied, “It was a mental thing.“ While sedentary people may assume that working out is about looking good, habitual exercisers like Ridge know that it is largely about feeling good. A growing body of research shows that physical activit
15、y does, indeed, exert a “feel good“ effect that can work as a powerful treatment for depression. Arthritis. Many people including some physicians still havent heard the new message that exercise can help people with arthritis now affecting nearly 43 million Americans. “Weve come from thinking that p
16、hysical fitness was impossible for people with arthritis to know that exercise is one of the best ways to manage their disease and minimize their disability,“ says Marian Minor, an associate professor of Physical therapy at the University of Missouri, Columbia. Exercise can reduce pain by keeping jo
17、ints (关节) flexible and the muscles around the joints strong. A person with arthritis who has other medical conditions or a lot of pain should get a physicians referral (建议) to a physical therapist who can design an individualized exercise program. Cancer. Each year over a million Americans learn the
18、y have cancer the second leading cause of death in the Unites States after heart disease. In 1996 the American Cancer Society added regular physical activity to the list of preventive measures it advocates. According to one large study of people at various levels of fitness, the least fit men died f
19、rom cancer at a rate more than three times higher than that of the most fit men. And, notes Informed Decisions, the American Cancer Societys guide to the disease, an earlier study found “the least fit women had fully 16 times the cancer death rate of the most fit women.“ Scientists still dont know t
20、he precise mechanisms by which exercise appears to exert an “anticancer“ effect, but current thinking points to physical activitys effect on the immune and endocrine (内分泌的) system. So Choose to Move. Stop viewing exercise as a “workout“ and start thinking of it as play a welcome daily recess (暂歇) th
21、at frees your body from the confines of its workaday routines. And if you have any health concerns, you should, of course, consult a physician first. （分数：71.00）(1).Americans today expend more energy than their forefathers in the past.（分数：7.10）A.YB.NC.NG(2).In a way, some modern conveniences result i
22、n peoples obesity and related diseases.（分数：7.10）A.YB.NC.NG(3).Exercise is a free and available way for people to be away from illness.（分数：7.10）A.YB.NC.NG(4).Exercise can help increase blood pressure and lower the level of “good“ cholesterol while raising “bad“ cholesterol when combined with dietary
23、changes.（分数：7.10）A.YB.NC.NG(5).More and more American adults take part in physical activity regularly.（分数：7.10）A.YB.NC.NG(6).Regular and moderate physical activity has beneficial effect on peoples health.（分数：7.10）A.YB.NC.NG(7).Exercise can help smokers and drinkers get rid of cigarette smoking and d
24、rinking.（分数：7.10）A.YB.NC.NG(8).One of the simplest, safest, least expensive and most effective strategies for improving heart health is _.（分数：7.10）_(9).If a persons blood cholesterol is reduced one percent, his possibility of suffering from coronary heart disease will be reduced by _.（分数：7.10）_(10).
25、Exercise can help people with arthritis to reduce pain by_ and _.（分数：7.10）_三、Listening Comprehens(总题数：1，分数：15.00)A.Phillips will not be in this office at all this week.B.He will be here on Tuesday only.C.Hell be here on Monday, Wednesday and Friday.D.Hell be at this office on Tuesday and Thursday.A.
26、She has never eaten such delicious oranges before.B.She bets there are better oranges available.C.She doesnt understand why the man likes the oranges.D.She has had the same oranges before.A.She didnt go to Chicago.B.She had a good time in Chicago.C.She spent her vacation here.D.She didnt enjoy her t
27、rip.A.She will type it next week.B.She would rather work on it than do nothing.C.It took her an entire week to type it.D.She still hasnt quite finished with it.A.It is the only book for her philosophy class.B.All the classes have a lot of reading.C.She just has to read for her philosophy class.D.Onl
28、y the philosophy class has a lot of reading.A.If Phil is lucky, he might get a scholarship.B.There is no way in which Phil can win a scholarship.C.Phil is not going to chance his luck and try for a scholarship.D.Phil is not being given a chance to get a scholarship.A.Jack was expected to pass the ex
29、am.B.Jack surprised everybody by taking his exam again.C.No one really expected Jack to pass exams.D.Jack wasnt expected to fail his exams again.A.Better.B.Sick.C.Fine.D.Tired.四、Section B(总题数：2，分数：10.00)A.A project to improve mountain school educational level.B.An advertisement to call for financial
30、 help with mountain children.C.A summer school program to train mountain school teachers.D.A public service group who put up an advertisement for donations.A.On TV.B.On the Internet.C.In the newspaper.D.On radio.A.Their poor life.B.Their schoolwork.C.Their mountain schools.D.Their schooling.A.In the
31、 morning.B.10 p. m.C.9 a. m.D.At midnight.A.Because his friend lives one-hour drive away from the cinema.B.Because his friend hopes to watch another movie tomorrow.C.Because the man cannot buy one more ticket for that show.D.Because his friend needs to drive one hour to the theater after work.A.1B.3
32、C.6D.10A.They extend their water pipes.B.They give out faint cries.C.They make noises to drive away insects.D.They become elastic like rubber bands.A.Thirsty plants.B.Well-watered plants.C.Quiet plants.D.Healthy plants.A.They could drive the insects away.B.They could keep the plants well-watered.C.T
33、hey could build devices to trap insects.D.They could make the plants grow faster.A.She stopped being a homemaker.B.She became a famous educator.C.She became a public figure.D.She quit driving altogether.A.A motorists speeding.B.Her running a stop sign.C.Her lack of driving experience.D.A motorists f
34、ailure to concentrate.A.Nervous and unsure of herself.B.Calm and confident of herself.C.Courageous and forceful.D.Distracted and reluctant.A.More strict training of women drivers.B.Restrictions on cell phone use while driving.C.Improved traffic conditions in cities.D.New regulations to ensure childr
35、ens safety.A.Because there was a rock on the path.B.Because there were no trains.C.Because it was too hot.D.Because his son felt tired.A.The next day.B.A few minutes later.C.Two hours later.D.Several hours later.A.Lazy.B.Afraid.C.Interested.D.Fascinated.六、Section C(总题数：1，分数：10.00)Who will run into t
36、he new year first? Could you test your (36) 1by trying these questions? An island in the Pacific Ocean ( 37 ) 2the New Millennium first. One hour later, New Zealand become the first (38) 3nation to enter the new (39) 4. China, President Jiang lit a fire to (40) 5thousands of years of Chinese (41) 6.
37、 The (42) 7 Chinese New year begins in February. Kussia covering two (43) 8will have the worlds longest New Year celebrations. (44) 9. The US officials are increasing security as the nation prepares for New Years celebrations. (45) 10. President Clinton (46) 11. Officials in California are increasin
38、g security after someone stole ninety kilograms of explosives. （分数：10.00）填空项 1:_填空项 1:_填空项 1:_填空项 1:_填空项 1:_填空项 1:_填空项 1:_填空项 1:_填空项 1:_填空项 1:_填空项 1:_七、Reading Comprehensio(总题数：2，分数：355.00)When student complete a first draft, they consider die job of writing done and their teachers too often agree.
39、When professional writers complete a first draft, they usually feel that they are at the start of the writing process. When a draft is completed, the job of writing can begin. That difference in attitude is the difference between amateur and professional, inex?perience and experience, journeyman and
40、 draftsman. Peter F. Drucker, the prolific (高产的) business writer, calls his first draft “the zero draft“ after that he can start counting. Most writers share the feeling mat the first draft, and all of those which follow, are opportunities to discover what they have to say and how best they can say
41、it. To produce a progression of drafts, each of which says more and says it more clearly, the writer has to develop a special kind of reading skill. In school we are taught to decode what appears on the page as finished writing. Writers, however, face a different category of possibility and responsi
42、bility when they read their own drafts. To them the words on the page are never finished. Each can be changed and rearranged, can set off a chain reaction of confusion or clarified meaning. This is a different kind of reading, which is possibly more difficult and certainly more exciting. Writers mus
43、t learn to be their own best enemy. They must accept the criticism of others and be suspicious of it; they must accept the praise of others and be even more suspicious of it. Writers cannot depend on others. They must detach themselves from their own pages so that they can apply both their caring an
44、d their craft to their own work. Such detachment is not easy. Science fiction writer Ray Bradbury supposedly puts each manuscript away for a year to the day and men rereads it as a stranger. Not many writers have the discipline or the time to do this. We must read when our judgment may be at its bes
45、t; when we are close to the best moment of creation. Most people think that the principal problem is that writers are too proud of what they have written. Actually, a greater problem for most professional writers is one shared by the majority of students. They are overly critical, think everything i
46、s dreadful, tear up page after page, never complete a draft, see the task as hopeless. Therefore, the writer must learn to read critically but constructively, to cut what is bad and reveal what is good. At the end of each revision, a manuscript may look worked over, torn apart, pinned together, adde
47、d to, deleted from, words changed and words changed back. Yet the book must maintain its original freshness and spontaneity (原创性，创作冲动). （分数：177.50）(1).What is the difference between a student and a professional writer towards their first draft?（分数：35.50）A.A professional thinks his first draft is better planned.B.A student is less confident than a professional about the first draft.C.A student will read his first draft more seriously than a professional.D.A student sees the draft as his final work, while profes
