1、大学英语六级分类模拟题 311及答案解析(总分：100.00，做题时间：90 分钟)一、Reading Comprehensio(总题数：0，分数：0.00)As it is, sleep is so undervalued that getting by on fewer hours has become a badge of honer. Plus, we live in a culture that 1 to the late-nighter, from 24-hour grocery stores to online shopping sites that never close. I
2、t“s no surprise, then, that more than half of American adults get the 7 to 9 hours of shut-eye every night as 2 by sleep experts. Whether or not we can catch up on sleepon the weekend, sayis a hotly 3 topic among sleep researchers. The latest evidence suggests that while it isn“t 4 , it might help.
3、When Liu, the UCLA sleep researcher and professor of medicine, brought 5 sleep-restricteol people into the lab for a weekend of sleep during which they logged about 10 hours per night. They showed 6 in the ability of insulin(胰岛素) to process blood sugar. That suggests that catch-up sleep may undo som
4、e but not all of the damage that sleep 7 causes, which is encouraging, given how many adults don“t get the hours they need each night. Still, Liu isn“t 8 to end the habit of sleeping less and making up for it later. Sleeping pills, while helpful for some, are not 9 an effective remedy either. “A sle
5、eping pill will 10 one area of the brain, but there“s never going to be a perfect sleeping pill, because you couldn“t really replicate (复制) the different chemicals moving in and out of different parts of the brain to go through the different stages of sleep,“ says Dr. Nancy Collop, director of the E
6、mory University Sleep Center. A. alternatively B. caters C. chronically D. debated E. deprivation F. ideal G. improvements H. necessarily I. negotiated J. pierce K. presumption L. ready M. recommended N. surpasses O. target（分数：25.00）According to a report from the Harvard School of Public Health, man
7、y everyday products, including some bug sprays and cleaning fluids, could lead to an increased risk of brain and behavioral disorders in children. The developing brain, the report says, is particularly 11 to the toxic effects of certain chemicals these products may contain, and the damage they cause
8、 can be 12 . The official policy, however, is still evolving. Health and environmental 13 have long urged U. S. government agencies to 14 the use of some of the 11 chemicals the report cites and called for more studies on their long-term effects. In 2001, for example, the Environmental Protection Ag
9、ency 15 the type and amounts of lead that could be present in paint and soil in homes and child-care 16 after concerns were raised about lead poisoning. The agency is now 17 the toxic effects of some of the chemicals in the latest report. But the threshold for regulation is high. Because children“s
10、brain and behavioral disorders, like hyperactivity and lower grades, can also be linked to social and genetic factors, it“s tough to pin them on exposure to specific chemicals with solid 18 evidence, which is what the EPA requires. Even the Harvard study did not prove a direct 19 but noted strong as
11、sociations between exposure and risk of behavioral issues. Nonetheless, it“s smart to 20 caution. While it may be impossible to prevent kids from drinking tap water that may contain trace amount of chemicals, keeping kids away from lawns recently sprayed with chemicals and freshly dry-cleaned clothe
12、s can“t hurt. Aadvocates Bcompact Ccorrelation Dexercise Efacilities Finteraction Ginvestigating Hoverwhelmed Iparticles Jpermanent Krestricted Lsimulating Mstatistical Ntighten Ovulnerable（分数：25.00）It seems to be a law in the technology industry that leading companies eventually lose their position
13、soften quickly and brutally. Mobile-phone champion Nokia. one of Europe“s biggest technology success stories, was no 21 , losing its market share in the space of just a few years. Can the industry“s new champions, Apple and Googlenot to mention titans in other tech sectorsavoid Nokia“s fate? In 2007
14、, Nokia accounted for more than 40% of mobile phone sales 22 . But consumers“ preferences were already 23 toward touch-screen smartphones. With the introduction of Apple“s iPhone in the middle of that year, Nokia“s market share 24 rapidly and revenue plummeted. By the end of 2013, Nokia had sold its
15、 phone business to Microsoft. What sealed Nokia“s fate was a series of decisions made by Stephen Elop in his position as CEO, which he 25 in October 2010. Each day that Elop spent at Nokia“s helm, the company“s market value declined by 18 million($23 million)making him, by the numbers, one of the wo
16、rst CEOs in history. But Elop was not the only person at 26 . Nokia“s board resisted change, making it impossible for the company to adapt to rapid shifts in the industry. Most 27 , Jorma Ollila, who had led Nokia“s transition from an industrial conglomerate to a technology giant, was too enamored w
17、ith the company“s 28 Success to recognize the change that was needed to sustain its competitiveness. The company also embarked on a 29 cost-cutting program, which included the elimination of thousands of jobs. This contributed to the 30 of the company“s once-spirited culture, which had motivated emp
18、loyees to take risks and make miracles. Good leaders left the company, taking Nokia“s sense of vision and direction with them. Not surprising, much of Nokia“s most valuable design and programming talent left as well. Aassumed Bbias Cdesperate Ddeterioration Eexception Ffault Gincidentally Hnotably I
19、previous Jrelayed Kshifting Lshrank Msubtle Ntransmitting Oworldwide（分数：25.00）Travel websites have been around since the 1990s, when Expedia, Travelocity, and other holiday booking sites were launched, allowing travelers to compare flight and hotel prices with the click of a mouse. With information
20、no longer 31 by travel agents or hidden in business net-works, the travel industry was revolutionized, as greater transparency helped 32 prices. Today, the industry is going through a new revolutionthis time transforming service quality. Online rating platforms 33 in hotels, restaurants, apartments,
21、 and taxisallow travelers to exchange reviews and experiences for all to see. Hospitality businesses are now ranked, analyzed and compared not by industry 34 , but by the very people for whom the service is intendedthe customer. This has 35 a new relation-ship between buyer and seller. Customers hav
22、e always voted with their feet; they can now explain their decision to anyone who is interested. As a result, businesses are much more 36 , often in very specific ways, which creates powerful 37 to improve service. Although some readers might not care for gossipy reports of unfriendly bellboys(行李员)i
23、n Ber-lin or malfunctioning hotel hairdryers in Houston, the true power of online reviews lies not just in the individual stories, but in the websites“ 38 to aggregate a large volume of ratings. The impact cannot be 39 . Businesses that attract top ratings can enjoy rapid growth, as new customers ar
24、e attracted by good reviews and 40 provide yet more positive feedback. So great is the influence of online ratings that many companies now hire digital reputation managers to ensure a favorable online identity. Aaccountable Bcapacity Ccontrolled Dentail Eforged Fincentives Goccasionally Hoverstated
25、Ipersisting Jpessimistic Kprofessionals Lslash Mspecializing Nspectators Osubsequently（分数：25.00）大学英语六级分类模拟题 311答案解析(总分：100.00，做题时间：90 分钟)一、Reading Comprehensio(总题数：0，分数：0.00)As it is, sleep is so undervalued that getting by on fewer hours has become a badge of honer. Plus, we live in a culture that
26、1 to the late-nighter, from 24-hour grocery stores to online shopping sites that never close. It“s no surprise, then, that more than half of American adults get the 7 to 9 hours of shut-eye every night as 2 by sleep experts. Whether or not we can catch up on sleepon the weekend, sayis a hotly 3 topi
27、c among sleep researchers. The latest evidence suggests that while it isn“t 4 , it might help. When Liu, the UCLA sleep researcher and professor of medicine, brought 5 sleep-restricteol people into the lab for a weekend of sleep during which they logged about 10 hours per night. They showed 6 in the
28、 ability of insulin(胰岛素) to process blood sugar. That suggests that catch-up sleep may undo some but not all of the damage that sleep 7 causes, which is encouraging, given how many adults don“t get the hours they need each night. Still, Liu isn“t 8 to end the habit of sleeping less and making up for
29、 it later. Sleeping pills, while helpful for some, are not 9 an effective remedy either. “A sleeping pill will 10 one area of the brain, but there“s never going to be a perfect sleeping pill, because you couldn“t really replicate (复制) the different chemicals moving in and out of different parts of t
30、he brain to go through the different stages of sleep,“ says Dr. Nancy Collop, director of the Emory University Sleep Center. A. alternatively B. caters C. chronically D. debated E. deprivation F. ideal G. improvements H. necessarily I. negotiated J. pierce K. presumption L. ready M. recommended N. s
31、urpasses O. target（分数：25.00）解析：B解析 空格左是定语从句引导词 that，并且 that指代的是前面的 a culture，所以空格内应该填一个第三人称单数形式的动词与介词 to搭配。cater to 表示“迎合”，原句译为：“另外，我们生活在一个迎合着晚睡者的文化里，从 24小时营业的杂货店到线上售货店都从不关门。”解析：M解析 空格左是 as，右边是介词 by，推测空格内应该填一个动词的过去分词形式，结合语义，7到 9小时睡眠应该是专家的，所以选择“推荐”。解析：D解析 空格左边有 hotly，右边为 topic，空格内应填一个形容词，理解为“热烈地的话题”，
32、结合语义，故选“被讨论的”。解析：F解析 空格与左边的 it isn“t共同构成主系表结构，空格内一般选择形容词或带冠词的名词，结合.while.might help，理解为“尽管它不是的，它仍然是有用的”，所以选“理想的”，符合语境。解析：C解析 brought 为谓语，空格右边是形容词，空格内应该填副词修饰右边的形容词。结合语义，选“长期地”来修饰“失眠的”。解析：G解析 空格左边直接就是谓语 show，空格内极有可能是一个复数名词，而且“进步”也符合原意。解析：E解析 that 引导一个定语从句修饰 the damage，翻译成：睡眠导致的破坏，所以 sleep后面应该接一个名词，选 E
33、组成“睡眠匮乏”符合语境。解析：L解析 根据 isn“t.to do sth.表示“不去做某事”，推测出空格内填一个形容词，选ready表示“Liu 尚未准备好去接受这个习惯，少睡一些晚点再补觉的习惯”。解析：H解析 空格所在句为主系表结构，不缺主要成分，所以空格内应该填一个副词修饰 be动词结合，选“必须地”符合语境，“尽管安眠药对于一些人是有效的，但并不一定是一个有效的解决良方”。解析：O解析 情态动词 will后面一定是一个动词原形，只有 target符合，表示“一片安眠药会瞄准大脑的一个区域”。According to a report from the Harvard School
34、of Public Health, many everyday products, including some bug sprays and cleaning fluids, could lead to an increased risk of brain and behavioral disorders in children. The developing brain, the report says, is particularly 11 to the toxic effects of certain chemicals these products may contain, and
35、the damage they cause can be 12 . The official policy, however, is still evolving. Health and environmental 13 have long urged U. S. government agencies to 14 the use of some of the 11 chemicals the report cites and called for more studies on their long-term effects. In 2001, for example, the Enviro
36、nmental Protection Agency 15 the type and amounts of lead that could be present in paint and soil in homes and child-care 16 after concerns were raised about lead poisoning. The agency is now 17 the toxic effects of some of the chemicals in the latest report. But the threshold for regulation is high
37、. Because children“s brain and behavioral disorders, like hyperactivity and lower grades, can also be linked to social and genetic factors, it“s tough to pin them on exposure to specific chemicals with solid 18 evidence, which is what the EPA requires. Even the Harvard study did not prove a direct 1
38、9 but noted strong associations between exposure and risk of behavioral issues. Nonetheless, it“s smart to 20 caution. While it may be impossible to prevent kids from drinking tap water that may contain trace amount of chemicals, keeping kids away from lawns recently sprayed with chemicals and fresh
39、ly dry-cleaned clothes can“t hurt. Aadvocates Bcompact Ccorrelation Dexercise Efacilities Finteraction Ginvestigating Hoverwhelmed Iparticles Jpermanent Krestricted Lsimulating Mstatistical Ntighten Ovulnerable（分数：25.00）解析：O解析 题意为对人体有害，即为削弱人体健康，故选 vulnerable，易受伤害的。解析：J解析 危害化学物质对人体的伤害应该是不可逆的、永久的，选 pe
40、rmanent。解析：A解析 根据上下文这里应该填“人”，符合题意的只有 A选项是指人：倡导者。解析：N解析 tighten 有紧缩减少控制的意思，放在此处符合题意。解析：K解析 一个政府机构禁止有毒的铅制品设备接触儿童，可知应填入为限制、制止的意思。解析：E解析 儿童接触到的应为游乐设施等，故选 facilities。解析：G解析 investigating.reput 调查报告，固定搭配。解析：M解析 涉及多方面因素如遗传和社会等，很难统计，选 statistical。解析：C解析 证据不足，不能证明两者相关。解析：D解析 小心注意孩子们的运动范围，选 exercise。It seems
41、to be a law in the technology industry that leading companies eventually lose their positionsoften quickly and brutally. Mobile-phone champion Nokia. one of Europe“s biggest technology success stories, was no 21 , losing its market share in the space of just a few years. Can the industry“s new champ
42、ions, Apple and Googlenot to mention titans in other tech sectorsavoid Nokia“s fate? In 2007, Nokia accounted for more than 40% of mobile phone sales 22 . But consumers“ preferences were already 23 toward touch-screen smartphones. With the introduction of Apple“s iPhone in the middle of that year, N
43、okia“s market share 24 rapidly and revenue plummeted. By the end of 2013, Nokia had sold its phone business to Microsoft. What sealed Nokia“s fate was a series of decisions made by Stephen Elop in his position as CEO, which he 25 in October 2010. Each day that Elop spent at Nokia“s helm, the company
44、“s market value declined by 18 million($23 million)making him, by the numbers, one of the worst CEOs in history. But Elop was not the only person at 26 . Nokia“s board resisted change, making it impossible for the company to adapt to rapid shifts in the industry. Most 27 , Jorma Ollila, who had led
45、Nokia“s transition from an industrial conglomerate to a technology giant, was too enamored with the company“s 28 Success to recognize the change that was needed to sustain its competitiveness. The company also embarked on a 29 cost-cutting program, which included the elimination of thousands of jobs
46、. This contributed to the 30 of the company“s once-spirited culture, which had motivated employees to take risks and make miracles. Good leaders left the company, taking Nokia“s sense of vision and direction with them. Not surprising, much of Nokia“s most valuable design and programming talent left
47、as well. Aassumed Bbias Cdesperate Ddeterioration Eexception Ffault Gincidentally Hnotably Iprevious Jrelayed Kshifting Lshrank Msubtle Ntransmitting Oworldwide（分数：25.00）解析：E解析 空格词性为名词。本句意为：手机冠军 Nokia，欧洲最大的技术成功传说之一，也不 -|_|-，在几年之内就失去了它的市场。本空应该考虑从名词单数选项中选项，因为 no之后通常要接名词单数，符合要求的选项有：Bbias“偏见”；Ddeteriora
48、tion“破坏”；Eexception“例外”；Ffault“错误”。故本题应该选择 E项。解析：O解析 空格词性为副词。本句意为：在 2007年，Nokia -|_|-占据了超过 40%的手机销售。而副词选项仅有 Gincidentally“偶然地”；Hnotably“显著地”；Oworld-wide“世界范围地”。本题应该选择 O项。解析：K解析 空格词性为形容词或分词，由于在 be动词之后，暂时无法明确词性。本句意为：但是消费者的偏好已经开始 -|_|-向触屏智能手机。四个形容词选项均不符合句意，故本题应该考虑两个现在分词选项：Kshifting“改变，转向”；Ntransmitting
49、“传播”。符合句意的为 K项。解析：L解析 空格词性为动词，并且是过去式。本句意为：随着苹果公司的 iPhone手机在 2007年中进入市场，Nokia 的市场份额快速地 -|_|-，收入也跳水了。此处还有一个并列的结构，说明空格处应该与 plunged(俯冲)为近义词，选项中过去式形态的有三个：Aassumed“假设，接任”；Jrelayed“交接”；Lshrank“收缩”。故选 L项。解析：A解析 空格词性为动词，并且是过去式。本句意为：终止 Nokia命运的是一系列由 CEO Stephen Elop做出的决策，他在 2010年 10月 -|_|-。还有两个过去式选项：Aassumed“假设，接任”；Jrelayed“交接”。此处应该填 A项，在这里相当于任职了。解析：F解析 空格词性为名词。本句
