1、大学英语六级-241 及答案解析(总分：100.00，做题时间：90 分钟)一、Translation(总题数：5，分数：100.00)1.清明节清明是我国二十四节气(solar term)之一，在每年农历的四月五日前后。清明过后，气温逐渐上升，雨水也增多，这是春耕播种的好时机。清明不仅是指引农耕的节气，也是举行祭祀的最重要节日。汉族和一些少数民族人民为祖先奉上祭品，为逝者扫墓。扫墓活动通常是在清明的前后十天这期间进行。从 2008 年开始，包括清明在内的一些传统节日在中国大陆地区被列为法定公众假日。如今，清明不仅是怀念、祭奠祖先与逝去的家人的日子，也是与亲友团聚，远足踏青的日子。 （分数：2
2、0.00）_2.相声相声(cross talk)是中国流传已久的曲艺形式之一，表演者使用诙谐的话语和尖酸的嘲弄，其目的是使听众捧腹大笑。在其形成过程中广泛吸取口技(oral stunts)、说书(monologue story-telling)等艺术形式的长处，以“说、学、逗、唱”为主要艺术手段。相声演员主要靠对话塑造人物形象，而不是依靠外部形象和形体动作。通过相声，表演者可以表达嘲弄统治者和鞭挞社会的黑暗面。作为一种家喻户晓的艺术形式，相声深受中国民众的喜爱，更是春晚中不可或缺的节目之一。 （分数：20.00）_3.指南针在中国悠久的历史长河中，出现了一些极其重要的发明，指南针(compas
3、s)是其中最重要的发明之一。根据古书记载，远古人在生产和斗争中利用天然磁体来指示方向。在战国时期(the Warring States Period)出现了最早的指南针司南sinan(a south-pointing ladle)。司南由刻有 24 个方位的“地盘(brass plate)”和一个由整块天然磁石制成的“勺子(ladle)”两部分组成。到宋朝，沈括在梦溪笔谈(Dream Pool Essays)中对水浮式(floating)指南针作了介绍。这使得指南针能够首次应用于航海。指南针的发明促进了航海业的发展，后经阿拉伯传入欧洲。 （分数：20.00）_4.中国瓷器中国是瓷器的故乡，瓷器
4、的发明是中华民族对世界文明做出的一项伟大贡献。在英文中“瓷器(china)”一词已成为“中国”的代名词(synonym)。这充分说明中国瓷器的精美绝伦完全可以代表中国。大约在公元前 16 世纪，中国就出现了早期的瓷器。原始瓷作为陶器向瓷器过渡时期的产物，与各种陶器相比，具有耐用、外观华美、便于清洗等特点，这为后来瓷器逐渐取代陶器，成为中国人日常生活的主要用器奠定了基础。 （分数：20.00）_5.文房四宝笔、墨、纸、砚(ink stone)，就是人们所说的“文房四宝(four treasures of the study)”，为书写中华五千年文明史做出了重要贡献。作为传承、弘扬中华文化和艺术的
5、工具和载体，文房四宝铸就了汉字特有的书法(calligraphy)艺术和中国画独特的风格。文房四宝不仅有实用价值，它们本身也是供人观赏的艺术品，并逐步发展成为收藏品。文房四宝品类繁多，丰富多彩，选材和制作工艺不断趋于完善、精美，历代都有名品、名匠产生，已经形成深厚的文化积淀。 （分数：20.00）_大学英语六级-241 答案解析(总分：100.00，做题时间：90 分钟)一、Translation(总题数：5，分数：100.00)1.清明节清明是我国二十四节气(solar term)之一，在每年农历的四月五日前后。清明过后，气温逐渐上升，雨水也增多，这是春耕播种的好时机。清明不仅是指引农耕的节
6、气，也是举行祭祀的最重要节日。汉族和一些少数民族人民为祖先奉上祭品，为逝者扫墓。扫墓活动通常是在清明的前后十天这期间进行。从 2008 年开始，包括清明在内的一些传统节日在中国大陆地区被列为法定公众假日。如今，清明不仅是怀念、祭奠祖先与逝去的家人的日子，也是与亲友团聚，远足踏青的日子。 （分数：20.00）_正确答案：()解析：The Qingming FestivalAs one of the 24 solar terms in China, Qingming falls around the fifth day of the fourth lunar month. After the fe
7、stival, it is a good time for spring plowing and sowing with a rise in temperature and an increase in rainfall. Qingming is not only a solar term to guide farm work, but also the most important day to sacrifice. The people of Han nationality and some ethnic minorities at this time offer sacrifices t
8、o their ancestors and sweep the tombs of the deceased. Tomb-sweeping is usually done during the phase of 10 days before and after Qingming. Since 2008, several traditional festivals including Qingming Festival have been set aside as legal public holidays in mainland China. Today, Qingming is not onl
9、y a time to cherish the memory of the ancestors and the departed family members and to hold a memorial ceremony for them, but also a moment to reunite with friends and family or a chance to have a spring outing.2.相声相声(cross talk)是中国流传已久的曲艺形式之一，表演者使用诙谐的话语和尖酸的嘲弄，其目的是使听众捧腹大笑。在其形成过程中广泛吸取口技(oral stunts)、
10、说书(monologue story-telling)等艺术形式的长处，以“说、学、逗、唱”为主要艺术手段。相声演员主要靠对话塑造人物形象，而不是依靠外部形象和形体动作。通过相声，表演者可以表达嘲弄统治者和鞭挞社会的黑暗面。作为一种家喻户晓的艺术形式，相声深受中国民众的喜爱，更是春晚中不可或缺的节目之一。 （分数：20.00）_正确答案：()解析：Cross TalkCross talk, one of the long running folk art forms in China, aims to make its audience burst into laughter with hum
11、orous utterance and acrid mockery made by the performers. In its evolvement, cross talk assimilated the advantages of a wide range of art forms such as oral stunts and monologue story-telling, adopting “speaking, imitating, amusing and singing“ as its main artistic mediums. The cross talk performers
12、 mainly use dialogues instead of outward appearances or body movements to shape the characters. Through cross talk, the performers can make mock of the rulers and lash out at the dark side of the society. As a well-known art form, cross talk is deeply favored by Chinese people and is even an indispe
13、nsable part of the Spring Festival Gala.3.指南针在中国悠久的历史长河中，出现了一些极其重要的发明，指南针(compass)是其中最重要的发明之一。根据古书记载，远古人在生产和斗争中利用天然磁体来指示方向。在战国时期(the Warring States Period)出现了最早的指南针司南sinan(a south-pointing ladle)。司南由刻有 24 个方位的“地盘(brass plate)”和一个由整块天然磁石制成的“勺子(ladle)”两部分组成。到宋朝，沈括在梦溪笔谈(Dream Pool Essays)中对水浮式(floating
14、)指南针作了介绍。这使得指南针能够首次应用于航海。指南针的发明促进了航海业的发展，后经阿拉伯传入欧洲。 （分数：20.00）_正确答案：()解析：The CompassChina“s long history has witnessed some extremely important inventions, among which the compass is one of them. According to ancient records, people in remote antiquity employed natural magnet as direction- finding d
15、evice in their production and struggle efforts, During the Warring States Period, there appeared the earliest form of compass-sinan(a south- pointing ladle), consisting of a brass plate on which 24 directions were carved and a ladle made from a single piece of natural magnet. In the Song Dynasty, Sh
16、en Kuo described in his book Dream Pool Essays the floating compass, which enabled the compass to be applied in navigation for the first time. The invention of the compass promoted the development of maritime undertakings, and it was later introduced to Europe via Arab.4.中国瓷器中国是瓷器的故乡，瓷器的发明是中华民族对世界文明
17、做出的一项伟大贡献。在英文中“瓷器(china)”一词已成为“中国”的代名词(synonym)。这充分说明中国瓷器的精美绝伦完全可以代表中国。大约在公元前 16 世纪，中国就出现了早期的瓷器。原始瓷作为陶器向瓷器过渡时期的产物，与各种陶器相比，具有耐用、外观华美、便于清洗等特点，这为后来瓷器逐渐取代陶器，成为中国人日常生活的主要用器奠定了基础。 （分数：20.00）_正确答案：()解析：Chinese PorcelainChina is the home of porcelain, the invention of which is a great contribution made by t
18、he Chinese nation to the world civilization. In English, the word “china“ has become the synonym of “China“, which fully shows that the magnificence of porcelain can assuredly represent China. At about the 16th century B.C., early porcelain appeared in China. As the product of transmission from pott
19、ery to porcelain, primitive porcelain possesses the characteristics of being durable, gorgeous and easy to clean when compared with various potteries, which lay a foundation for its replacement of pottery and becoming the main appliance in Chinese people“s daily life.5.文房四宝笔、墨、纸、砚(ink stone)，就是人们所说的
20、“文房四宝(four treasures of the study)”，为书写中华五千年文明史做出了重要贡献。作为传承、弘扬中华文化和艺术的工具和载体，文房四宝铸就了汉字特有的书法(calligraphy)艺术和中国画独特的风格。文房四宝不仅有实用价值，它们本身也是供人观赏的艺术品，并逐步发展成为收藏品。文房四宝品类繁多，丰富多彩，选材和制作工艺不断趋于完善、精美，历代都有名品、名匠产生，已经形成深厚的文化积淀。 （分数：20.00）_正确答案：()解析：Four Treasures of the Study“Four treasures of the study“, referring to
21、 “writing brush“, “ink stick“, “paper“ and “ink stones“, play an important role in recording five thousand years of Chinese civilization. As tools and carriers for inheriting and promoting Chinese culture and art, four treasures of the study forged the unique art of calligraphy of Chinese character
22、as well as the unique artistic style of traditional Chinese painting. They not only have their practical value, but also are the works of art for appreciation and gradually become objects for collection. There is a large variety of these four treasures. The selection of materials and the craft of making four treasures have become increasingly perfect and elaborate. Each dynasty in Chinese history saw the emergence of famous works and craftsmen, which had contributed to profound cultural accumulation.
