1、大学四级-1903 及答案解析(总分：712.00，做题时间：90 分钟)一、Part Writing(总题数：1，分数：106.00)1.Online Education1. 目前网络教育形成热潮；2. 我认为形成这股热潮的原因是3. 我对网络教育的评价。_（分数：106.00）_二、Part Reading Compr(总题数：1，分数：70.00)Work-life balance: Ways to restore harmony and reduce stressFinding work-life balance in todays frenetically paced world i
2、s no simple task.Spend more time at work than at home, and you miss out on a rewarding personal life. Then again, when you face challenges in your personal life, such as caring for an aging parent or coping with marital problems, concentrating on your job can be difficult.Whether the problem is too
3、much focus on work or too little, when your work life and your personal life feel out of balance, stress-along with its harmful effects-is the result.The good news is that you can take control of your work-life balance-and give yourself the time to do the things that are most important to you. The f
4、irst step is to recognize how the world of work has changed. Then you can evaluate your relationship to work and apply some specific strategies for striking a healthier balance.How work invades your personal lifeThere was a time when employees showed up for work Monday through Friday and worked eigh
5、t-to nine-hour days. The boundaries between work and home were fairly clear then. But the world has changed and, unfortunately, the boundaries have blurred for many workers. Heres why: Global economy. As more skilled workers enter the global labor market and companies outsource or move more jobs to
6、reduce labor costs, people feel pressured to work longer and produce more just to protect their jobs. International business. Work continues around the world 24 hours a day for some people. If you work in an international organization, you might be on call around the clock for troubleshooting or con
7、sulting. Advanced communication technology. Many people now have the ability to work anywhere-from their home, from their car and even on vacation. And some managers expect this. Longer hours. Employers commonly ask employees to work longer hours than theyre scheduled. Often, overtime is mandatory(强
8、制性的). If you hope to move up the career ladder, you may find yourself regularly working more than 40 hours a week to achieve and exceed expectations. Changes in family roles. Todays married worker is typically part of a dual-career couple, which makes it difficult to find time to meet commitments to
9、 family, friends and community.Married to your workIt can be tempting to rack up the hours at. work-especially if youre trying to earn a promotion or some extra money for a childs education or a dream vacation. For others, working more hours feels necessary in order to manage the workload.But if you
10、re spending most of your time at work, your home life will likely pay the price. Consider the pros and cons of working extra hours on your work-life balance: Fatigue. Your ability to think and your eye-hand coordination decrease when youre tired. This means youre less productive and may make more mi
11、stakes. These mistakes can lead to injury or rework and negatively impact your professional reputation. Family. You may miss out on important events, such as your childs first bike ride, your fathers 60th birthday or your high-school reunion. Missing out on important milestones may harm relationship
12、s with your loved ones. Friends. Trusted friends are a key part of your support system. But if youre spending time at the office instead of with them, youll find it difficult to nurture those friendships. Expectations. If you regularly work extra hours, you may be given more responsibility. This cou
13、ld create a neverending and increasing cycle, causing more concerns and challenges.Sometimes working overtime is important. If you work for a company that requires mandatory overtime, you wont be able to avoid it, but you can learn to manage it. Most importantly, say no when youre too tired, when it
14、s affecting your health or when you have crucial family obligations.Striking the best work-life balanceFor most people, juggling(巧妙处理) the demands of career and personal life is an ongoing challenge. With so many demands on your time-from overtime to family obligations-it can feel difficult to strik
15、e this balance. The goal is to make time for the activities that are the most important to you.Here are some ideas to help you find the balance thats best for you: Learn to say no. Whether its a co-worker asking you to spearhead(充当先锋) an extra project or your childs teacher asking you to manage the
16、class play, remember that its OK to respectfully say no. When you quit doing the things you only do out of guilt or a false sense of obligation, youll make more room in your life for the activities that are meaningful to you and bring you joy. Leave work at work. Make a conscious decision to separat
17、e work time from personal time. When with your family, for instance, turn off your cell phone and put away your laptop computer. Manage your time. Organize household tasks efficiently. Do one or two loads of laundry every day. rather than saving it all for your day off. A weekly family calendar of i
18、mportant dates and a daily list of to-dos will help you avoid deadline panic. If your employer offers a course in time management, sign up for it. Get enough sleep. Theres nothing as stressful and potentially dangerous as working when youre sleep-deprived. Not only is your productivity affected, but
19、 also you can make costly mistakes. You may then have to work even more hours to make up for these mistakes. Communicate clearly. Limit time-consuming misunderstandings by communicating clearly and listening carefully. Take notes if necessary. Nurture yourself. Set aside time each day for an activit
20、y that you enjoy, such as walking, working out or listening to music. Set aside one night each week for recreation. Take the phone off the hook, power down the computer and turn off the TV. Discover activities you can do with your partner, family or friends, such as playing golf, fishing or canoeing
21、. Making time for activities you enjoy will rejuvenate(使年轻) you.Remember, striking a work-life balance isnt a one-shot deal. Creating balance in your life is a continuous process. Balance doesnt mean doing everything. Examine your priorities andset boundaries. Be firm in what you can and cannot do.
22、Only you can restore harmony to your lifestyle.（分数：70.00）(1).What will happen if your work life and personal life feel out of balance?A. You will have little time to finish your work.B. You may feel stress, which will affect you negatively.C. You will have a lot of time to share with your family.D.
23、You will never balance the combination of life and work.（分数：7.00）A.B.C.D.(2).The boundaries between work and home have blurred for the following reasons, EXCEPT _A. global economy B. changes in family rolesC. advanced communication technology D. high divorce rate（分数：7.00）A.B.C.D.(3).What will happen
24、 if youre spending most of your time at work?A. You will lose both health and wealth. B. You will be hated by your loved ones.C. You will lose all your friends. D. You may be given more responsibility.（分数：7.00）A.B.C.D.(4).According to the passage, youd better say no to mandatory overtime when _.A. y
25、ou get bored with the work B. you are not interested in the workC. you cant get additional allowance D. you have crucial family obligations（分数：7.00）A.B.C.D.(5).What does the underlined sentence mean?A. You should do the things people ask you to do without feeling guilty.B. You shouldnt do the things
26、 people ask you to do if you dont want to.C. To do things people ask you to do can bring you a lot of joy.D. To do things for yourself is more meaningful than to do things for others.（分数：7.00）A.B.C.D.(6).What will NOT happen if you dont get enough sleep?A. You will feel stressed while working. B. Yo
27、u will have sense of exhaustion.C. You can make cosily mistakes. D. You will have low productivity.（分数：7.00）A.B.C.D.(7).What does the real balance mean according to the author?A. Examining priorities and deciding what is the most important to you.B. Doing everything you want to do whether you can do
28、 it or not.C. Saying yes to everybody in order to maintain good relationships.D. Being firm that working overtime will strike a work-life balance.（分数：7.00）A.B.C.D.(8).Spend more time at work than at home, and you wont have enough time to enjoy your _（分数：7.00）填空项 1:_(9).You have slow responses and yo
29、ur eye-hand coordination decreases when youre _（分数：7.00）填空项 1:_(10).You can save a lot of time and avoid misunderstandings if you communicate clearly and _（分数：7.00）填空项 1:_三、Part Listening Com(总题数：0，分数：0.00)四、Section A(总题数：4，分数：105.00)(1).A.She is not a good student. B.She needs a tutor right now.C.
30、She shouldnt worry about her grades. D. Her grades are not good enough.（分数：7.00）A.B.C.D.(2).A.The trees reduce their view. B.The trees should be cut down.C.The trees help cool the house. D.The trees block air in the summer.（分数：7.00）A.B.C.D.(3).A.Buy his wife a birthday present. B.Go to the shop at o
31、nce.C.Make sure the date. D.Buy a calendar for the family.（分数：7.00）A.B.C.D.(4).A.Because she was at the doctors. B.Because she was ill.C. Because she would come soon. D. Because she didnt like the meeting.（分数：7.00）A.B.C.D.(5).A.She should buy the pink suit. B. She should make more money.C. She shoul
32、d be careful about money. D. Because she didnt like the meeting.（分数：7.00）A.B.C.D.(1).A.She is too busy to watch the performance. B.She has to finish the assignment first.C. She needs help with the assignment. D. She has already seen the performance before.（分数：7.00）A.B.C.D.(2).A.How to make cheese. B
33、. How to take pictures.C.How to use an ATM. D.How to use a DVD player.（分数：7.00）A.B.C.D.(3).A.He will pull the nail out with his hands. B.He wishes he had a screwdriver.C. He used !o have a screwdriver. D. He had only one screwdriver.（分数：7.00）A.B.C.D.Questions 19 to 21 are based on the conversation y
34、ou have just heard.（分数：21.00）(1).A.Take her money away with her. B.Bring more money next time.C. Open a current account. D. Open a one-month deposit account.（分数：7.00）A.B.C.D.(2).A.You cant have a chequebook. B.You cant take money out anytime.C. You cant get any interest. D. You cant deposit money in
35、 it anytime.（分数：7.00）A.B.C.D.(3).A. The account. B. The deposit. C. The chequebook. D. The forms.（分数：7.00）A.B.C.D.Questions 22 to 25 are based on the conversation you have just heard.（分数：28.00）(1).A.To hand in her term paper. B.To ask some questions about the course.C.To ask some questions about the
36、 paper. D.To ask for an extension for her paper.（分数：7.00）A.B.C.D.(2).A.She learned the course of Greek history. B.She would take the final exam this Friday.C.She would hand in the paper next term. D.She had been at home last week.（分数：7.00）A.B.C.D.(3).A.Because she found it too difficult. B.Because s
37、he was ill last week.C. Because she was busy for another exam. D. Because she just knew it yesterday.（分数：7.00）A.B.C.D.(4).A.Talk to Professor Edwards. B.Find Dean Huffman.C. See her doctor. D. See the president.（分数：7.00）A.B.C.D.五、Section B(总题数：3，分数：70.00)Passage OneQuestions 26 to 28 are based on th
38、e passage you have just heard.（分数：21.00）(1).A.To close the refrigerator door when not in use.B. To turn off the lights when not using.C.To turn off the dishwasher heat.D.To replace the light bulbs with the new type.（分数：7.00）A.B.C.D.(2).A.They last longer and use less power. B.They are more beautiful
39、.C.They cost less than the traditional ones. D.They are better for the eyes of users.（分数：7.00）A.B.C.D.(3).A.To turn off the lights when not using. B.To use the energy smart light bulbs.C.To let the dishes dry in a natural way. D.To keep the refrigerator door closed when not in use.（分数：7.00）A.B.C.D.P
40、assage TwoQuestions 29 to 31 are based on the passage you have just heard.（分数：21.00）(1).A.To help people to travel around. B.To transfer mails and materials.C. To build up peoples health. D. To look for gold in the West.（分数：7.00）A.B.C.D.(2).A.It was safer. B.It cost less.C. It was faster. D. It was
41、more organized.（分数：7.00）A.B.C.D.(3).A. Homeless orphans. B. Skillful cart riders.C. Brave young men. D. Males above 18 years old.（分数：7.00）A.B.C.D.Passage ThreeQuestions 32 to 35 are based on the passage you have just heard.（分数：28.00）(1).A.They are younger. B.They are more skilled.C.They are better e
42、ducated. D.They work in groups.（分数：7.00）A.B.C.D.(2).A.They were heavily fined. B.They were put into prison.C. They were hanged. D. Their hands were cut off.（分数：7.00）A.B.C.D.(3).A.They stole things from well-dressed persons.B.They stole things from alcohol drinkers.C. They stole thins from women. D.
43、They stole things from policemen.（分数：7.00）A.B.C.D.(4).A.Avoid going out at night. B.Be careful in large crowds.C.Go out with policemen. D. Punish pickpockets severely.（分数：7.00）A.B.C.D.六、Section C(总题数：1，分数：77.00)New York City, located in the New York State, is the largest city and the chief port of t
44、he Untied States. The city of New York has a (36) of over 7 million. The total area of New York City is about 300 (37) miles. New York has become one of the worlds busiest ports and also the (38) , manufacturing and travel centre of the country. New York became an important port early in the last ce
45、ntury. A large (39) of the national exports passed through New York harbor. The city with its good harbor was discovered as early as 1524, and it was (40) by the Dutch who named the city New Amsterdam. In 1664, the city was taken by the English and it got the mane New York as it (41) now.New York Ci
46、ty is often called “The Big Apple“, which was (42) by jazz musicians to describe something that is (43) . in size, excitement and achievement. (44) -the fantastic skyscrapers, marvelous museums, cultural centers, architecture and sightseeing attractions, among which the following are most worth seei
47、ng. The Statue of Liberty stands magnificently on Liberty Island in New York Harbor. (45) . Wall Street was built by the Dutch to protect the colony from Indian attack. Now it is Americas financial center, Broadway is an avenue in Manhattan, a symbol of the New York theatre. (46) （分数：77.00）(1).New Y
48、ork City, located in the New York State, is the largest city and the chief port of the Untied States. The city of New York has a (36) of over 7 million. The total area of New York City is about 300 (37) miles. New York has become one of the worlds busiest ports and also the (38) , manufacturing and
49、travel centre of the country. New York became an important port early in the last century. A large (39) of the national exports passed through New York harbor. The city with its good harbor was discovered as early as 1524, and it was (40) by the Dutch who named the city New Amsterdam. In 1664, the city was taken by the English and it got the mane New
