1、大学六级-1566 及答案解析(总分：667.00，做题时间：90 分钟)一、Part Writing(总题数：1，分数：106.00)1. （分数：106.00）_二、Part Reading Compr(总题数：4，分数：70.00)Think or Swim: Can We Hold Back the Oceans?As the world gets warmer, sea levels are rising. It has been happening at a snails pace so far, but as it speeds up more and more low-lyin
2、g coastal land will be lost. At risk are many of the worlds cities and huge areas of fertile farmland. The sea is set to rise a metre or more by the end of this century. And thats just the start. “Unless there is a rapid and dramatic about-face in emissions-which no one expects-the next century will
3、 be far worse than this century,“ says glaciologist (冰川学家) Bob Bindshadler of NASAs Goddard Space Flight Center, Maryland.Throwing trillions of dollars at the problem could probably save big cities such as New York and London, but the task of defending all low-lying coastal areas and islands seems h
4、opeless. Or is it? Could we find a way to slow the accelerating glaciers, drain seas into deserts or add more ice to the great ice caps of Greenland and Antarctica?These ideas might sound crazy but we have got ourselves into such a bad situation that maybe we should start to consider them. If we car
5、ry on as we are, sea levels will rise for millennia, probably by well over 10 metres. Slashing greenhouse gas emissions would slow the rise, but the longer we hesitate, the bigger the rise we will be committed to. Even if “conventional“ geo-engineering schemes for cooling the planet were put in plac
6、e and worked as planned, they would have little effect on sea level over the next century unless combined with drastic emissions cuts.In short, if coastal dwellers dont want their children and grandchildren to have to abandon land to the sea, now is the time to start coming up with Plan C. So New Sc
7、ientist set out in search of the handful of researchers who have begun to think about specific ways to hold back the waters.One of the reasons why the great ice sheets of Greenland and Antartica are already shrinking is that the ice is draining off the land faster. Ice floating on the surrounding se
8、as usually acts as a brake, holding back glaciers on land, so as this ice is lost the glaciers flow faster. The acceleration of the Jakobshavn glacier in Greenland is thought to be the result of warm currents melting the floating tongue of the glacier. Other outlet glaciers are being attacked in a s
9、imilar way.Mike MacCracken of the Climate Institute in Washington DC is one of those starting to think that we shouldnt just sit back and let warm currents melt ice shelves. “Is there some way of doing something to stop that flow, or cool the water?“ he asks.Last year, physicist Russel Seitz at Harv
10、ard University suggested that the planet could be cooled by using fleets of customised boats to generate large numbers of tiny bubbles. This would whiten the surface of the oceans and so reflect more sunlight. MacCracken says the bubbles might be better arranged in a more focused way, to cool the cu
11、rrents that are undermining the Jakobshavn glacier and others like it. A couple of degrees of chill would take this water down to freezing point, rendering it harmless. “At least that would slow the pace of change,“ MacCracken says.What about a more direct approach: building a physical barrier to ha
12、lt a glaciers flow into the sea by brute force? Bindshadler thinks that is a non-starter. “The ice discharge has many sources, mostly remote and in environments where barriers are not Likely to work,“ he says. “Taking just the one example I know best, the Pine Island glacier in Antarctica drains int
13、o an ice shelf that at its front is 25 kilometres across and 500 metres thick, and moves at over 10 metres per day. The seabed there is 1000 metres down and is made of sediment (沉淀物) hundreds of metres thick and the consistency of toothpaste.“ Not your ideal building site.A slightly more subtle sche
14、me to rein in the glaciers was proposed more than 20 years ago by Douglas MacAyeal of the University of Chicago. His idea is to fight ice with ice. The big outlet glaciers feed into giant floating shelves of ice, which break off into icebergs at their outer edges. MacAyeal suggested pumping water up
15、 from beneath the ice and depositing it on the upper surface, where it would freeze to form a thick ridge, weighing down the floating ice shelf. Add enough ice in this way, and the bottom of the ice shelf would eventually be forced down onto the seabed. Friction with the seabed would slow down the s
16、helfs movement, which in turn would hold back the glaciers feeding into it. It would be like tightening an immense valve.“I think its quite an inspired idea,“ says Bindshadler. But nobody has followed it up to work out how practical the scheme would be. “On the back of an envelope it has promise-but
17、 these ice shelves are big. You would need a lot of drilling equipment all over the ice shelf, and my intuition is that if you look at the energetics of it, it wont work,“ Bindshadler says.Even if we could apply brakes to glaciers, this would only slow down sea level rise. Could we do better than th
18、at and reverse it-actually make the sea retreat? If you think of the sea as a giant bathtub, then the most obvious way to lower its level is to take out the plug.“One of the oldest notions is filling depressions on the land,“ says MacCracken. Among the largest of these is the Qattara depression in n
19、orthern Egypt, wlrich at its lowest point is more than 130 metres below sea level. Various schemes have been proposed to channel water from the Mediterranean into the depression to generate hydroelectric (水力) power, and as a by-product a few thousand cubic kilometres of the sea would be drained away
20、. Unfortunately, thats only enough to shave about 3 millimetres off sea level: a drop in the ocean. And there would be grave consequences for the local environment. “The leakage of salt water through fracture systems would add salt to aquifers (含水层) for good,“ says Farouk El-Baz, a geologist at Bost
21、on University who has studied the region.Refilling the Dead Sea is no better. Because of surrounding hills, this depression could be filled to 60 metres above sea level, but even that would only offset the rise by 5 millimetres-and drown several towns into the bargain.The notion of engineering lower
22、 sea levels remains a highly abstract topic. “If the world doesnt control emissions, Im pretty sure that no geo-engineering solution will work-and it would potentially create other side effects and false promises,“ says MacCracken. “But if we do get on a path to curbing emissions dramatically-down 5
23、0 per cent by 2050, say-then the question becomes, can geoengineering help with the hump were going to go through over the next few centuries?/（分数：49.00）(1).Spending trillions of dollars at sea-level rise problem could _.A. probably save only a few cities B. defend all low-lying coastal areasC. defi
24、nitely find perfect solution D. do nothing to save our planet（分数：7.00）A.B.C.D.(2).The conventional geo-engineering schemes will have little effect if _A. it dont work out as planned B. there arent drastic emission cutsC. it isnt put into practice now D. there arent enough financial support（分数：7.00）A
25、.B.C.D.(3).The ice floating on the surrounding seas of Greenland is to _.A. stop the glaciers move away B. make the glaciers flow fasterC. accelerate the melting of glaciers D. prevent ships from crashing into glaciers（分数：7.00）A.B.C.D.(4).What was physicist Russel Seitzs suggestion to cool the plane
26、t?A. Arranging the warm currents in a more focused way.B. Whitening the surface of lands to reflect more sunlight.C. Generating tiny bubbles with fleets of customised boats.D. Producing chilly winds to cool the water to freezing point.（分数：7.00）A.B.C.D.(5).What is Bindshadlers attitude to building ph
27、ysical barriers to keep glaciers?A. It is hard at the beginning. B. Its success depends on the conditionsC. It is not practical to do so. D. It is effective in stopping the glaciers.（分数：7.00）A.B.C.D.(6).Douglas MacAyeal advised to pump water up from beneath the ice to_A. break down the glaciers B. f
28、ight ice with iceC. tighten an immense valve D. weigh down the floating ice shelf（分数：7.00）A.B.C.D.(7).Why does Bindshadler think MacAyeals idea wont work?A. It consumes too much energy. B. Nobody wants to put the theory into practice.C. The idea is only a commonplace. D. It has been proven ineffecti
29、ve in practice.（分数：7.00）A.B.C.D.2.One of the oldest ways to retreat the sea is to fill _ on the land.（分数：7.00）填空项 1:_3.Channeling water from the Mediterranean into Qattara depression can both generate electricity and _ some sea water.（分数：7.00）填空项 1:_4.At the end of the passage, MacCracken believes t
30、he foundation of the success of geo-engineering solution is_（分数：7.00）填空项 1:_三、Part Listening Com(总题数：0，分数：0.00)四、Section A(总题数：4，分数：105.00)(1).A. Peter is very busy. B. Peter works fast.C. Peter works hard. D. Peter is behind in study.（分数：7.00）A.B.C.D.(2).A. Fly to Cleveland directly. B. Take a conn
31、ecting flight at Seattle.C. Buy the ticket at Seattle. D. Buy a domestic airline ticket.（分数：7.00）A.B.C.D.(3).A. He knows where to get a new map. B. He will help the woman read the map.C. He has already seen the library. D. He will go to the library as well.（分数：7.00）A.B.C.D.(4).A. It will help detect
32、 all kinds of liars. B. It will most likely prove ineffective.C. It can help solve complex problems. D. It is a new weapon against terrorists.（分数：7.00）A.B.C.D.(5).A. Spend money more reasonably. B. Find a job to support his family.C. Apply for student loans again. D. Stop worrying about money.（分数：7.
33、00）_(1).A. His stereo disturbs himself, too. B. His stereo sounds like dog barking.C. The neighbors arent justified in complaining. D. The neighbors dont appreciate music at all.（分数：7.00）A.B.C.D.(2).A. She thinks she is behind in her study. B. She only has time to study in the evenings.C. She has no
34、 time to study in the evenings. D. She thinks work is easier than study.（分数：7.00）A.B.C.D.(3).A. Hes worried about whether he can finish his presentation tomorrow.B. Hes nervous but he believes hell be better tomorrow.C. Hes nervous about his presentation because hes unprepared.D. Hell finish writing
35、 his presentation tomorrow.（分数：7.00）A.B.C.D.Conversation One（分数：21.00）(1).A. Play basketball with his colleagues. B. Go to hospital and have a physical check.C. Lose weight and strengthen the muscles. D. Compete in a cycling race with colleagues.（分数：7.00）A.B.C.D.(2).A. He should start with a light w
36、orkout. B. He should go to have a check-up.C. He should eat less fatty foods. D. He should visit a fitness trainer.（分数：7.00）A.B.C.D.(3).A. It helps improve the physical health. B. It is good for a sound sleep.C. It helps develop mental toughness. D. It helps lose weight.（分数：7.00）A.B.C.D.Conversation
37、 Two（分数：28.00）(1).A. A literature professor. B. An academic advisor.C. Dean of the English Department. D. A Doctor of Applied Linguistics.（分数：7.00）A.B.C.D.(2).A. To inquire about switching majors. B. To find a helping supervisor.C. To make up the remaining credits. D. To apply for a masters degree.（
38、分数：7.00）A.B.C.D.(3).A. He cant catch up with his classmates. B. He finds the English course load too heavy.C. He is not interested in his present major. D. He is good at Applied Linguistics.（分数：7.00）A.B.C.D.(4).A. Twenty-four credits. B. Twelve credits. C. Three Credits. D. Thirty-six credits.（分数：7.
39、00）A.B.C.D.五、Section B(总题数：3，分数：70.00)Passage One（分数：28.00）(1).A. It allows one to show his personal information.B. It offers only the childrens personal information.C. It is against parents will to educate the kids. D. It only offers stories about other people.（分数：7.00）A.B.C.D.(2).A. Its a reliable
40、 way to make friends online.B. It is convenient to get in touch with their parents.C. It is regarded as a way of judging high school popularity.D. It is regarded as a way of judging subject scores.（分数：7.00）A.B.C.D.(3).A. There are too many complaints from net users.B. Hackers attack of MySpace canno
41、t be forbidden.C. Parents cannot help checking childrens information.D. It is easy for trouble-makers to do harm to children.（分数：7.00）A.B.C.D.(4).A. Do parents like MySpace? B. Is MySpace good or bad?C. MySpace is the home of children. D. MySpace is the bank of childrens information.（分数：7.00）A.B.C.D
42、.Passage Two（分数：21.00）(1).A. They may feel exhausted. B. They may feel very nervous.C. They may have heartache. D. They may suffer a cold.（分数：7.00）A.B.C.D.(2).A. The building method the builders use to save energy.B. The limit of the flow of air between inside and outside.C. The use of man-made buil
43、ding materials.D. The limit of air-flow and the man-made materials.（分数：7.00）A.B.C.D.(3).A. To let out clean gas. B. To take in harmful gas.C. To use various plants. D. To let the air flow freely.（分数：7.00）A.B.C.D.Passage Three（分数：21.00）(1).A. The plane cant fly without air. B. The plane needs air for
44、 its refueling.C. It meets the passengers needs. D. It meets the pilots needs.（分数：7.00）A.B.C.D.(2).A. The plane flies at high altitudes. B. The plane is filled with air.C. The metal structure of the plane is very strong.D. A small part of the plane cracks.（分数：7.00）A.B.C.D.(3).A. To find out exactly
45、what happens. B. To save fuel to fly longer.C. To find out where the big stone is. D. To fly even more slowly.（分数：7.00）A.B.C.D.六、Section C(总题数：1，分数：77.00)All our dreams have something to do with our feelings, fears, longings, wishes, needs and memories. If a person is hungry, or tired, or cold, his
46、dreams may (36) . a feeling of this kind. If the (37) on your body, such as a blanket, have (38) off your bed, you may dream that you are sleeping on ice or in snow. The (39) for the dream you will have tonight is likely to come from the experiences you have today.So the (40) of your dream usually c
47、omes from something that has (41) on you while you are sleeping and it may also use your past experiences and the wishes and the interests you have now. This is why very young children are likely to dream of (42) , older children of school examinations, hungry people of food, (43) soldiers of their
48、families.To show you how that is happening while you are asleep and (44) , here is the story of an experiment. A man was asleep and the back of his hand was rubbed with absorbent cotton. He would dream that he was in a hospital and his charming girlfriend was visiting him, sitting on the bed and feeling his hand softly! (45) , and what those dreams mean. Their explanation of dreams, though a bit reasonable, (46) . They believe that dreams are mostly expressions of wishes that did not come true.（分数：77.00）(1).All our dreams have something to do with our feelings, fears, longings, wis
