1、大学六级-1149 及答案解析(总分：710.00，做题时间：90 分钟)一、Part Writing(总题数：1，分数：103.00)1.Directions: For this part, you are allowed 30 minutes to write a short essay entitled Conservation in collage Campuses. You should write at least 150 words following the outline given below:1. 现在大学校园普遍存在浪费现象2. 为什么提倡节约3. 你的看法Conser
2、vation in collage Campuses（分数：103.00）_二、Part Reading Compr(总题数：1，分数：70.00)The New Science of SiblingsFor a long time, researchers have tried to nail down just what shapes us-or what, at least, shapes us most. And over the years, theyve had a lot of eureka moments (突发灵感的时刻). First it was our parents,
3、 particularly our mothers. Then it was our genes. Next it was our peers, who show up last but hold great sway. And all those ideas were good ones-but only as far as they went. Somewhere, there was a sort of temperamental(捉摸不定) dark matter exerting an invisible gravitational pull of its own. More and
4、 more, scientists are concluding that this unexplained force is our siblings.From the time they are born, our brothers and sisters are our scolds, protectors, tormentors, playmates, counselors, sources of envy, objects of pride. Our spouses arrive comparatively late in our lives; our parents eventua
5、lly leave us. Our siblings may be the only people well ever know who truly qualify as partners for life. Siblings are with us for the whole journey.At research centers in the U. S., Canada, Europe and elsewhere, scientists are gaining intriguing insights into the people we become as adults. Does the
6、 student struggling with a professor who plays favorites summon up the coping skills acquired from dealing with a sister who was Daddys girl? Do husbands and wives benefit from the inter-gender negotiations they waged when their most important partners were their sisters and brothers? Today serious
7、work is revealing exactly how our brothers and sisters influence us.Why childhood fights between siblings can be goodBy the time children are 11, they devote about 33% of their free time to their siblings-more time than they spend with friends, parents, teachers or even by themselves. Adolescents, w
8、ho have usually begun going their own way, devote at least 10 hours a week to activities with their siblings. Siblings are like the nurses on the ward. All that proximity breeds an awful lot of intimacyand an awful lot of friction.Laurie Kramer, professor of applied family studies at the University
9、of Illinois has found that, on average, sibs between 3 and 7 years old engage in some kind of conflict 3.5 times an hour. Kids in the 2-to-4 age group top out at 6.3or more than one clash every I0 minutes, according to a Canadian study.But as much as all the fighting can set parents hair on end, the
10、res a lot of learning going on too, specifically about how conflicts, once begun, can be settled. Shaw and his colleagues conducted a years-long study and found that the kids who practiced the best conflict-resolution skills at home carried those abilities into the classroom. “Siblings have a social
11、izing effect on one another,“ Shaw says. “Unlike a relationship with friends, youre stuck with your sibs. You learn to negotiate things day to day. “Its that permanence, researchers believe, that makes siblings a rehearsal tool for later life. Somewhere in there is the early training for the e-mail
12、joke that breaks an office silence or the husband who signals that a fight is over by asking his wife what she thinks they should do about that fast-approaching vacation anyway. “Sibling relationships are where you learn all this,“ says developmental psychologist Susan McHale of Penn State Universit
13、y. “They are relationships between equals.“How not being Moms favorite can have its advantagesParents feel a lot of guilt over the often evident if rarely admitted preference they harbor for one child over another. If favorites exist, however, it may be not the parents fault, but evolutions.It is fo
14、und that 65% of mothers and 70% of fathers exhibited a preference for one childin most cases, the older one. Whats more, the kids know whats going on. They all say, “Well, it makes sense that they would treat us differently, because hes older or were a boy and a girl.“ But at a deeper level, second-
15、tier children may pay a price. “They tend to be sadder and have more self-esteem questions,“ Conger says. “They feel like theyre not as worthy, and theyre trying to figure out why.“Its no accident that employees in the workplace instinctively know which person to send into the lions den of the corne
16、r office with a risky proposal or a bit of bad news. And its no coincidence that the sense of hurt feelings and adolescent envy you get when that same colleague emerges with the proposal approved and the bosss applause seems so familiar. But what you summon up with the feelings you first had long ag
17、o is the knowledge you gained then toothat the smartest strategy is not to compete for approval but to strike a partnership with the favorite and spin the situation to benefit yourself as well.Why your sibling isor isntyour best role modelIts no secret that brothers and sisters emulate one another o
18、r that the learning flows both up and down the age ladder. Younger siblings mimic the skills and strengths of older ones. Older sibs are prodded(刺激、督促) to attempt something new because they dont want to be shown up by a younger one who has already tried it. More complexand in many ways more importan
19、tare those situations in which siblings dont mirror one another but differentiate themselvesa phenomenon psychologists call de-identification.De-identification has an important function: pushing some sibs away from risky behavior. Siblings pass on dangerous habits to one another in a depressingly pr
20、edictable way. But some kids break the moldand for surprising reasons. Joseph Rodgers, a psychologist, found that while older brothers and sisters often do introduce younger ones to the habit, the closer they are in age, the more likely the younger one is to resist. Apparently, their proximity in ye
21、ars has already made them too similar.How a sibling of the opposite sex can affect whom you marryFar subtlerand often far sweeterthan the risk-taking modeling that occurs among all sibs is the gender modeling that plays out between opposite-sex ones. Brothers and sisters can be fierce de-identifiers
22、. In a study of adolescent boys and girls, the boys unsurprisingly scored higher in such traits as independence and competitiveness while girls did better in characteristics like sensitivity and helpfulness. What was less expected is that when kids grow up with an opposite-sex sibling, such exposure
23、 doesnt temper (使变淡) gender-linked traits but stress them. Both boys and girls are closer still to gender stereotype and even seek friends who conform to those norms.The guys who had older sisters had more involving interactions and were liked significantly more by their new female acquaintances. Wo
24、men with older brothers were more likely to strike up a conversation with the male stranger and to smile at him more than he smiled at her.How those early bonds can grow stronger with ageOne of the greatest gifts of the sibling tie is that while warmth grows over time, the conflicts often become les
25、s and less. Indeed, siblings who battled a lot as kids may become closer as adultsand more emotionally skilled too, often clearly recalling what their long-ago fights were about and the lessons they took from them.Such powerful connections become even more important as the inevitable illnesses or wi
26、dowhood of late life leads us to lean on the people weve known the longest. Even siblings who drift apart in their middle years tend to drift back together as they age. “The relationship is especially strong between sisters,“ who are more likely to be predeceased(比.先死) by their spouses than brothers
27、 are, says Judy Dunn, a developmental psychologist. “When asked what contributes to the importance of the relationship now, they say its the shared early childhood experiences, which cast a long shadow for all of us.“Of course, siblings are one of natures better brainstorms, and all the new studies
28、on how they make us who we are one of sciences. But the rest of us, outside the lab, see it in a more primal way. In a world thats too big, too scary and too often too lonely, we come to realize that theres nothing like having a band of brothersand sisters to venture out with you.（分数：70.00）(1).The w
29、hole passage mainly talks about the influences siblings have on the qualities of each other.（分数：7.00）填空项 1:_(2).According to the passage, all the factors including our blood relationship, genes and peers decide what shapes us.（分数：7.00）填空项 1:_(3).Children who are good at dealing with the frictions wi
30、th their brothers/sisters will resolve the conflict with their classmates well.（分数：7.00）填空项 1:_(4).According to researchers, the long-time connection between siblings plays a training role for their future life.（分数：7.00）填空项 1:_(5).Most parents admit having a strong preference over the older child be
31、cause they tend to be sadder.（分数：7.00）填空项 1:_(6).Younger siblings emulate the skills and strengths of older ones because they think they are more knowledgeable than themselves.（分数：7.00）填空项 1:_(7).If the ages of the siblings are closer, the younger ones intend to resist the habits introduced by the o
32、lder ones.（分数：7.00）填空项 1:_(8).Seriously de-identified as brothers and sisters, there is often a subtler and sweeter _ between opposite-sex ones.（分数：7.00）填空项 1:_(9).With time going on, the warmth between sibs keeps increasing and the frictions _.（分数：7.00）填空项 1:_(10).It is _ that makes the connection
33、between sibs important and strong.（分数：7.00）填空项 1:_三、Part Listening Com(总题数：0，分数：0.00)四、Section A(总题数：4，分数：105.00)A.He is going to visit his dead uncle and sister-in-law.B.He is going to start trading company for his sister-in-law.C.He is going to look for opportunities for his trading company.D.He i
34、s going to inherit trading company from his sister-in-law.A.To buy some tools needed to repair the calculator.B.To ask the repair store to repair the calculator.C.To hit the display until it mobilized.D.To figure out what is wrong with the calculator.A.The man hasnt succeeded in painting any picture
35、s yet.B.The man has come to a new understanding of painting pictures.C.The woman is good at painting pictures.D.The woman has refused the mans application to paint pictures.A.The woman is eager to enter politics.B.The man has worked for the government.C.People will become old after entering politics
36、.D.Female politicians are rare.A.Being forgotten.B.Being identical to other people.C.Being insignificant.D.Running certain risks.A.Her employees get low scores on the test of EQ.B.Her employees cant take the advantage of high IQ.C.Her employees are too smart according to the test.D.Her employees are
37、 concerned with emotional problems.A.The man is expecting to visit Disneyland.B.The woman is fond of visiting Disneyland.C.Disneyland hasnt provided enough signs everywhere.D.Disneyland will have subway and buildings.A.Work in this area is easy and relaxing.B.There are too many criminals and the wor
38、k is challenging.C.The job is challenging and the pay is high.D.It is easy for him to find job after graduation.Questions 19 to 21 are based on the conversation you have just heard.（分数：21.00）A.An air crash to Los Angeles.B.A book written by a doctor.C.A disease on the comeback and its reasonsD.Mans
39、effort to prevent disease.A.Buenos Airs.B.New York.C.San Francisco.D.New Orleans.A.Breakdown of public health.B.International travel and commerce.C.Mans eating habits.D.Processing methods of food.Questions 22 to 25 are based on the conversation you have just heard.（分数：28.00）A.Drug addiction.B.A head
40、ache.C.Pain-killers.D.The womans suggestion.A.From a drug dealer.B.Without the doctors prescription.C.Legally from the doctor.D.From the woman.A.Pain-relievers have little harm.B.Pain-relievers can be addictive.C.Heroin and morphine are addictive.D.Not all people who try to get pain-relievers have a
41、n ache.A.He thinks that its helpful.B.He is scared and thinks that its terrible.C.He thinks that its reasonable to stop taking pain-killers.D.He will take notice to the doctor because the doctor is a drug dealer.五、Section B(总题数：3，分数：70.00)Passage OneQuestions 26 to 28 are based on the passage you ha
42、ve just heard.（分数：21.00）A.It can be used to fight pains.B.It can be used to reduce high body temperature.C.It can be used to help blood pass through blockage.D.It can be used to stop heart attacks or strokes.A.It has shown that aspirin can improve survival in colon cancer patients.B.It has shown tha
43、t colon cancer had not spread to other parts of the body.C.It has shown that aspirin users increased thirty percent risks from their cancer.D.It has shown that aspirin had been discovered for eleven years.A.A controlled study.B.A trial study.C.An observational study.D.A successful study.Passage TwoQ
44、uestions 29 to 31 are based on the passage you have just heard.（分数：21.00）A.Books and resources.B.Books and periodicals.C.Audio and video material.D.Audio and periodicals.A.They can be borrowed for three weeks by full-time students.B.They contain current abstracts and indexed journals, general Englis
45、h.C.They can be taken out of the library under any circumstance.D.They can provide full selection of supplementary material.A.Photocopy service.B.Enlarger.C.Computer service.D.Typewriter.Passage ThreeQuestions 33 to 35 are based on the passage you have just heard.（分数：28.00）A.She succeeded in investi
46、ng.B.She was knowledgeable for arts.C.She succeeded in paintings.D.She disliked books and arts.A.He exhibited his painting at Universal Exhibition.B.He was criticized for being Communist Party.C.He was considered to represent the revolutionary workers.D.He had created his own exhibition instead of U
47、niversal Exhibition.A.Because she neednt care the house.B.Because she neednt to earn money.C.Because she wanted to get funny from art.D.Because she regarded art as her career.A.The Louvre museum.B.The Paris Salon.C.The French Academy of FineD.The Universal Exhibition六、Section C(总题数：1，分数：77.00)Respec
48、t begins within the individual. The original state of respect is (36) on awareness of the self as a unique being. The elevated (37) of knowing “who I am“ arises from a real place of pure worth. With such insight, there is faith in the self and wholeness and completeness within. With self-realization, one experiences true self-respect.(38) takes place when the awareness of ones original nature and the original of the other is lacking. As a result, external (39) influences rule supreme over respect. To be stabilized in the elevated stage of the self ensures
