1、大学六级-82 及答案解析(总分：713.00，做题时间：90 分钟)一、BPart Writing(总题数：1，分数：106.00)1.1. 自信心很重要； 2. 但是，很多人缺乏自信； 3. 如何建立自信。（分数：106.00）_二、BPart Reading (总题数：1，分数：70.00)Directions: In this part, you will have 15 minutes to go over the passage quickly and answer the questions on Answer Sheet 1. For questions 1-4 markY (
2、for YES) if the statement agrees with the information given in the passage;N (for NO) if the statement contradicts the information given in the passage ;NG (for NOT GIVEN) if the information is not given in the passage.For questions 5-10, complete the sentences with the information given in the pass
3、age.Americas Brain Drain CrisisLosing the Global EdgeWilliam Kunz is a self-described computer geek. A more apt description might be computer genius. When he was just 11, Kunz started writing software programs, and by 14 he had created his own video game. As a high school sophomore in Houston, Texas
4、, he won first prize in a local science fair for a data encryption (编密码) program he wrote. In his senior year, he took up prize in an international science and engineering fair for designing a program to analyze and sort DNA patterns.Kunz went on to attend Carnegie Mellon, among the nations highest-
5、ranked universities in computer science. After college he landed a job with Oracle in Silicon Valley, writing software used by companies around the world. Kunz looked set to become a star in his field. Then he gave it all up.Today, three years later, Kunz is in his first year at Harvard Business Sch
6、ool. He left software engineering partly because his earning potential paled next to friends who were going into law or business. He also worried about job security, especially as more companies move their programming overseas to lower costs. “Every time youre asked to train someone in India, you th
7、ink, Am I training my replacement?“ Kunz says.Things are turning out very differently for another standout in engineering, Qing-Shan Jia. A student at Tsinghua University in Beijing, Jia shines even among his gifted cohorts (一群人) at a school sometimes called “the MIT of China“. He considered applyin
8、g to Harvard for his PhD, but decided it wasnt worth it.His university is investing heavily in cutting-edge research facilities, and attracts an impressive roster of international professors. “I can get a world-class education here and study with world-class scholars,“ Jia says.These two snapshots (
9、快照) illustrate part of a deeply disturbing picture. In the disciplines underpinning the high-tech economymath, science and engineeringAmerica is steadily losing its global edge. The depth and breadth of the problem is clear: Several of Americas key agencies for scientific research and development wi
10、ll face a retirement crisis within the next ten years. Less than 6% of Americas high school seniors plan to pursue engineering degrees, down 36% from a decade ago. In 2000, 56% of Chinas undergraduate degrees were in the hard sciences; in the United States, the figure was 17%. China will likely prod
11、uce six times the number of engineers next year than America will graduate, according to Mike Gibbons of the American Society for Engineering Education. Japan, with half Americas population, has minted (铸造) twice as many in recent years.“Most Americans are unaware of how much science does for this c
12、ountry and what we stand to lose if we cant keep up,“ says Shirley Ann Jackson, president of Rensselaer Polytechnic Institute and chair of the American Association for the Advancement of Science. David Baltimore, president of the California Institute of Technology and a Nobel laureate, puts it blunt
13、ly: “We cant hope to keep intact our standard of living, our national security, our way of life, if Americans arent competitive in science. “ The Crisis Americans CreatedIn January 2001, the Hart-Rudman Commission, tasked with finding solutions to Americas major national security threats, concluded
14、that the failures of Americas math and science education and Americas system of research “Pose a greater threat . than any potential conventional war. “The roots of this failure lie in primary and secondary education. The nation that produced most of the great technological advances of the last cent
15、ury now scores poorly in international science testing. A 2003 survey of math and science literacy ranked American 15-year-olds against kids from other industrialized nations. In math, American students came in 24th out of 28 countries; in science, Americans were 24th out of 40 countries, tied with
16、Latvia. This test, in conjunction with others, indicates Americans start out with sufficient smartstheir fourth-graders score wellbut they begin to slide by eighth grade, and sink almost to the bottom by high school.Dont blame school budgets. Americans shell out more than $440 billion each year on p
17、ublic education, and spend more per capita than any nation save Switzerland. The problem is that too many of their high school science and math teachers just arent qualified. A survey in 2000 revealed that 38% of math teachers and 28% of science teachers in grades 7-12 lacked a college major or mino
18、r in their subject area. In schools with high poverty rates, the figures jumped to 52% of math teachers and 32% of science teachers. “The highest predictor of student performance boils down to teacher knowledge,“ says Gerald Wheeler, executive director of the National Science Teachers Association. T
19、o California Congressman Buck McKeon, a member of the House Committee on Education and the Workforce, it comes down to this: “How can you pass on a passion to your students if you dont know the subject?“Perhaps its no surprise that, according to a 2004 Indiana University survey, 18% of college prep
20、kids werent taking math their senior year of high school. “When I compare our high schools to what I see when Im traveling abroad, Im terrified for our workforce of tomorrow,“ Microsoft chairman Bill Gates told a summit of state governors earlier this year. “Our high schools, even when theyre workin
21、g exactly as designed, cannot teach our kids what they need to know today. “The Bush Administration has also proposed cutting the fiscal 2006 budget for research and development in such key federal agencies as the National Oceanic and Atmospheric Administration and the National Institute of Standard
22、s and Technology, the latter of which acts as a liaison (联络) with industry and researchers to apply new technology.“Funding cuts are job cuts,“ says Rep. Vernon J. Ehlers, Republican of Michigan and a member of the Science Committee in the House. Reduced funding has put the squeeze on research posit
23、ions, further smothering incentives (动机) for students to go into hard science. What Americans Must DoAmericans have done it before: the Manhattan Project, the technol6gy surge that followed Sputnik. Theyve demonstrated that they can commit themselves to daunting goals and achieve them. But they cant
24、 minimize the challenges theyre facing.Americans need out-or-the-box thinking, of the sort suggested by experts in a report released in October called “Rising above the Gathering Storm“, a study group within the National Academy of Sciences, which included the National Academy of Engineering and the
25、 Institute of Medicine, came up with innovative proposals. Among them are: Four-year scholarships for 25000 undergraduate students who commit to degrees in math, science or engineering, and who qualify based on a competitive national exam; Four-year scholarships for 10000 college students who commit
26、 to being math or science teachers, and who agree to teach in a public school for five years after graduation; Extended visas for foreign students who earn a math or science PhD in the United States, giving them a year after graduation to look for employment here. If they find jobs, work permits and
27、 permanent residency status would be expedited.Many experts are also urging that non-credentialed but knowledgeable people with industry experience be allowed to teach. That experiment is already underway at High Tech High in San Diego. Conceived by Gary Jacobs, whose father founded Qualcomm, this c
28、harter school stresses a cutting-edge curriculum, whether the classes are on biotechnology or web design. To teach these courses, the school hires industry professionals. High Tech High also arranges internships at robotics labs, Internet start-ups and university research centers.In just five years,
29、 750 kids have enrolled, three classes have graduated and the vast majority of students have gone on to college. One of the success stories is Jeff Jensen, class of 2005, who was a decidedly apathetic (缺乏兴趣的) student before High Tech High. He is now a freshman at Stanford University on a partial sch
30、olarship, planning to study chemistry or medicine.IBM is one of the companies encouraging its workers to teach. This past September, IBM announced a tuition-assistance plan, pledging to pay for teacher certification as well as a leave of absence for employees who wish to teach in public schools.The
31、philanthropic (博爱的) arms of corporations are also getting involved. The Siemens Foundation sponsors a yearly math, science and technology competition, considered the Nobel Prize for high school research and a great distiller of American talent. Honeywell spends $2 million each year on science progra
32、ms geared to middle school students, including a hip-hop touring group that teaches physical science, and a robotics lab program that teaches kids how to design, build and program their own robot. “Weve found that if we dont get kids excited about science by middle school, its too late,“ says Michae
33、l Holland, a spokesperson for Honeywell.As important as all these initiatives are, they barely begin to take Americans where they need to go. Americans shortcomings are vast, and time, unfortunately, is working against them.“The whole world is running a race,“ says Intels Howard High, “only we dont
34、know it. “ No one knows whether or when the United States will relinquish (放弃) its lead in that race. Or how far back in the pack they could ultimately fall. But the first order of business is to recognize whats at stake and get in the game.（分数：70.00）(1).Kunz gave up software engineering mainly beca
35、use he earned less than those in law or business field did.（分数：7.00）填空项 1:_(2).Only a small percentage of Americas high school seniors plan to major in engineering at college.（分数：7.00）填空项 1:_(3).If Americans arent competitive in science, they cannot survive the severe competition between developed c
36、ountries.（分数：7.00）填空项 1:_(4).College education is to blame for the failure of Americas math and science education.（分数：7.00）填空项 1:_(5).American high school students sink almost to the bottom in a survey of math and science literacy because too many of the high school _ in America are not qualified.（分
37、数：7.00）填空项 1:_(6).Cutting budget for science research and development further smothers incentives for American students to（分数：7.00）填空项 1:_(7).One innovative proposal proposed by some experts is providing _ for 25000 qualified undergraduate students.（分数：7.00）填空项 1:_(8).At High Tech High, _ are hired
38、to teach courses on biotechnology or web design.（分数：7.00）填空项 1:_(9).Many companies encourage their employees to _, with IBM one of them.（分数：7.00）填空项 1:_(10).Americans shortcomings in science are vast, and unfortunately _ is making efforts to defeat them.（分数：7.00）填空项 1:_三、BPart Listenin(总题数：0，分数：0.00
39、)四、BSection A/B(总题数：4，分数：105.00)Directions: In this section, you will hear 8 short conversations and 2 long conversations. At the end of each conversation, one or more questions will be asked about what was said. Both the conversation and the questions will be spoken only once. After each question t
40、here will be a pause. During the pause, you must read the four choices marked A) , B) , C) and D) , and decide which is the best answer. Then mark the corresponding letter on Answer Sheet 2 with a single line through the centre.（分数：35.00）(1). A. At a post office. B. At a waiting room. C. At New York
41、. D. At a park center.（分数：7.00）A.B.C.D.(2). A. The man and the woman meet for the first time. B. The man used to dress more casually. C. The man has expected to meet the woman overseas. D. The woman thinks the man looks better in suit and tie.（分数：7.00）A.B.C.D.(3). A. It shouldnt have such high viewi
42、ng rate. B. Its plot is interesting. C. Some famous stars act in the TV series. D. The man never watch the TV series.（分数：7.00）A.B.C.D.(4). A. The mans angry on the woman for not sending his fax out. B. The man asks the woman to change the data on his fax. C. The man wants the woman to bring an amend
43、ed document for him. D. The man prefers to send the fax later.（分数：7.00）A.B.C.D.(5). A. She hasnt chosen her optional course. B. Biology and geography are her compulsory courses. C. The final exams are extremely difficult for her. D. Her optional courses are not that difficult.（分数：7.00）A.B.C.D.（分数：21
44、.00）(1). A. Customer and waiter. B. Dentist and patient. C. Manager and employee. D. Landlord and tenant.（分数：7.00）A.B.C.D.(2). A.Its about how to make French cake. B. It had the second print last week. C. Its the best-seller now. D. Its French version is more popular.（分数：7.00）A.B.C.D.(3). A. In the
45、students union. B. At the currency exchange office. C. At the booking office. D. In the library.（分数：7.00）A.B.C.D.Long Conversation OneQuestions 19-21 are based on the conversation you have just heard. （分数：21.00）(1). A. Well-known journals like National Geography. B. The online searching engine. C. T
46、he library. D. Papers and articles written by scholars.（分数：7.00）A.B.C.D.(2).A. 20 minutes. B. I hours. C. 20 minutes and extra 5 minutes for Q they have been here for multiple generations,“ said Murdock. “But Murdock says census figures show a looming problem for Texas in that minorities, especially
47、 Hispanics, tend to be less educated and earn much less on average than non-Hispanic whites. “ The modal minority is a Hispanic male, 25 to 29 years of age, with less than a high school level of education and making about $35000, down about $3000, in real dollar terms, from 1999 to 2009, he added. M
48、urdock says the states economic future depends on how well Texas educates this dynamic young population.（分数：45.00）(1).The data from the 2010 US census shows theres big growth in the nations _ population. A. illegal immigrants B. Latin American rooted C. business D. non-white（分数：9.00）A.B.C.D.(2).During the past four years, the Houston Hispanic Chamber of Commerce has _. A. developed to 6 times of its original membership scale B. attracted man
