1、大学六级-49 及答案解析(总分：667.00，做题时间：90 分钟)一、BPart Writing(总题数：1，分数：106.00)1.造成人们生活压力较大的原因是什么？2. 如何减少人们的压力？Lessen Stress in Your Life_（分数：106.00）_二、BPart Reading (总题数：1，分数：70.00)Directions: In this part, you will have 15 minutes to go over the passage quickly and answer the questions on Answer Sheet 1. For
2、questions 1-7, choose the best answer from the four choices marked A, B, C and D. For questions 8-lO, complete the sentences with the information given in the passage.Foods That Fight DiseaseThe food you eat does more than providing energy. It can have a dramatic effect on your bodys ability to figh
3、t off heart disease, cancer, diabetes, high blood pressure, stroke, and weak bones.With remarkable consistency, recent research has found that a diet high in plant-based foods-fruits, vegetables, dried peas and beans, grains, and starchy staples such as potatoes-is the bodys best weapon in thwarting
4、 (阻止) many health- related problems. These foods work against so many diseases that the same healthy ingredients you might use to protect your heart or ward off cancer will also benefit your intestinal tract and bones.Heres what is currently known about these different disease-fighting foods.Cancer
5、FightersPreventing cancer is a compelling reason to load up your cart in the produce department. Scientists have recently estimated that approximately 30 to 40 percent of all cancers could be averted if people ate more fruits, vegetables, and plant- based foods and minimized high-fat, high-calorie e
6、dibles that have scant nutritional value. Up to 70 percent of cancers might be eliminated if people also stopped smoking, exercised regularly, and controlled their weight.In the past, researchers had linked fat consumption with the development of cancers, but they currently believe that eating fruit
7、s, vegetables, and grains may be more important in preventing the disease than not eating fat. “The evidence about a high- fat diet and cancer seemed a lot stronger several years ago than it does now, “ says Melanie Polk, a registered dietitian and director of nutrition education at the American Ins
8、titute for Cancer Research.Although scientists are still not certain about the specifics, theyre beginning to close in on the healthful constituents of plant-based foods. In particular, theyre looking closely at two components-antioxidants and phytochemicals.The antioxidants (carotenoids, such as be
9、ta carotene and lycopene, and vitamins C and E ) found in fruits, vegetables, and other plant-based foods fight flee radicals (自由基), which are compounds in the body that attack and destroy cell membranes. The uncontrolled activity of flee radicals is believed to cause many cancers.The phytochemicals
10、 present in fruits and vegetables protect the body by stunting the growth of malignant cells. Phytochemicals, naturally occurring substances, include indoles in cabbage or cauliflower, saponins in peas and beans, and isoflavones in soymilk and tofu. Investigators have only an inkling of how many phy
11、tochemicals exist and how they work. They are confident, however, that you can get a basketful of anti-cancer nutrients by mixing and matching at least five servings a day of fruits and vegetables with seven or more starchy or protein-rich plant foods such as grains, peas and beans, and potatoes.Sup
12、plements can help you get some of the benefits of these substances, but they are no replacement for real food. “When you take a supplement, youre getting specific vitamins and minerals, but not the thousands of phytochemicals that might be present in fruits and vegetables, “ says registered dietitia
13、n Amy Jamieson of the Cleveland Clinic Foundation in Ohio. “If you eat a sweet potato with its skin, which is a great source of both beta carotene and fiber, youll consume at least 5,000 phytochemicals that arent present in a beta carotene supplement. Thats a really important difference. “Digestive
14、Tract ProtectorsAlthough the food you eat affects every system in your body, your digestive tract bears the initial brunt of your choices. To keep it running smoothly and disease-flee, aim for a diet high in fiber. Unfortunately, most Americans eat only about half the 20 to 35 grams they need each d
15、ay, even though fiber is readily available in raw and cooked fruits and vegetables, as well as in grain products such as breads, cereals, pasta, and rice.Fiber comes in two forms, soluble and insoluble. Soluble fiber, found in fruits, vegetables, brown rice, oats, and barley. lowers blood cholestero
16、l levels and slows the entry of glucose into the bloodstream, an important factor in preventing or controlling diabetes. Insoluble fiber, found mainly in whole grains, fruit and vegetable peels, high fiber cereals, and wheat and corn bran, keeps your digestive tract in order. Insoluble fiber soaks u
17、p water, adding the bulk that pushes possible cancer- causing substances (carcinogens) out of the intestine.“Most research supports the protective effect of a diet high in fruits, vegetables, beans, and grains, “ says Polk, citing the American Institute for Cancer Researchs own 1997 report, Food, Nu
18、trition and the Prevention of Cancer: a Global Perspective, which reviewed 4,500 international studies before coming to this conclusion.Heart-saving FoodsNo other part of your body benefits more from good dietary choices than your cardiovascular (心血管的) system. What you eat, and choose not to eat, ha
19、s a dramatic effect on your risk for heart disease and stroke.Saturated fat, found mostly in meat and full-fat dairy products, is the major culprit in raising blood cholesterol, the main ingredient of artery-clogging plaque. Overindulging in these foods raises the risk of developing heart disease. B
20、ut you can lower this risk by shifting the emphasis so that nutrient and fiber-rich foods such as fruits, vegetables, and grains make up approximately two-thirds of what you eat each day.While fiber is the most important dietary adjunct in controlling blood cholesterol, fiber-rich foods contain othe
21、r nutrients, including antioxidants and phytochemicals, which researchers believe also deter the buildup of plaque in arteries. But the mechanism is unclear. “Is it the nutrients in these foods that have a positive effect, or is it that the more of them you eat, the less fat-laden food you consume?“
22、 asks Alice H. Lichtenstein, D. Sc., of the USDA Human Nutrition Research Center at Tufts University in Boston. “We dont know the answer right now, but its probably a combination of both. “What is clear is that you can eat a heart-healthy diet and still include some fat. “Weve made people aware of c
23、holesterol and fat, “ says Sayed F. Feghali, M.D., a cardiologist at the Texas Heart Institute in Houston. “Theres no question that saturated fat is the villain when it comes to cholesterol buildup in blood vessels. But we need some fat. We cannot function on a zero-fat diet. “So be judicious in you
24、r choices. Restrict meat and dairy products to less than 10 percent of your daily calories. Try poultry, dried beans, eggs, and nuts for protein and energy. Soy products, when substituted for animal protein, show promise in reducing LDL (“bad“) cholesterol. Substitute heart-healthy monounsaturated o
25、ils, such as olive, canola, and peanut, for saturated and hydrogenated fats.Bone-building FoodsThe road to strong bones is paved with calcium-rich food. Leafy green vegetables and low-fat dairy products are excellent sources of calcium, the mineral that puts stiffness into your skeletal system and k
26、eeps your bones from turning rubbery and fragile.Your body uses calcium for more than keeping your bones strong. Calcium permits cells to divide, regulates muscle contraction and relaxation, and plays an important role in the movement of protein and nutrients inside cells. If you dont absorb enough
27、from what you eat to satisfy these requirements, your body will take it from your bones. Because your body doesnt produce this essential mineral, you must continually replenish the supply. Even though the recommended daily amount is 1,200 mg, most adults dont eat more than 500 mg.One reason may have
28、 been the perception that calcium-rich dairy products were also loaded with calories. “In the past, women, in particular, worried that dairy products were high in calories,“ says Letha Y. Griffin, M.D., of Peachtree Orthopaedics in Atlanta. “But today you can get calcium without eating any high-fat
29、or high-calorie foods by choosing skim milk or low-fat yogurt. “ Also, low-fat dairy products contain phosphorous and magnesium and are generally fortified with vitamin D, all of which help your body absorb and use calcium.If you find it difficult to include enough calcium in your diet, ask your doc
30、tor about supplements. Theyre a potent way to get calcium as well as vitamin D and other minerals. But theres a downside. If you rely on pills in lieu of a calcium-rich diet, you wont benefit from the other nutrients that food provides. Getting the recommended vitamin D may be easy, since your body
31、makes the vitamin when your skin is exposed to the suns rays.（分数：70.00）(1).What is this article mainly about? A. How to keep healthy through exercises. B. How to keep healthy through food. C. How to eat in our daily life. D. What we can benefit from exercises.（分数：7.00）A.B.C.D.(2).What do researchers
32、 currently believe in preventing cancers? A. Not eating fat is the most important. B. Eating fruits is more important than not eating fat. C. Vegetables and grains are the best food for cancer sufferer. D. The evidence about a high-fat diet and cancer is stronger now.（分数：7.00）A.B.C.D.(3).The phytoch
33、emicals believe that fruits and vegetables protect the body by _ A. killing malignant cells B. stunting the growth of cells C. providing vitamins C and E D. preventing the growth of malignant cells（分数：7.00）A.B.C.D.(4).What can supplements do? A. Help us get benefits of these substances. B. Replace r
34、eal food for some people. C. Provide thousands ofphytochemicals. D. Prevent certain kind of disease.（分数：7.00）A.B.C.D.(5).To keep digestive tract running smoothly and disease-free, aim for _ A. a diet high in fiber B. a diet high in fat C. food high in vitamins D. food high in beta carotene（分数：7.00）A
35、.B.C.D.(6).Your cardiovascular system benefits most from_ A. enough exercises B. good dietary choices C. good living pattern D. low-fat dairy products（分数：7.00）A.B.C.D.(7).Calcium-rich food can help you _ A. prevent some diseases B. get fine digestive tract C. get strong bones D. keep fit（分数：7.00）A.B
36、.C.D.(8).Because _ you must continually replenish the supply of calcium.（分数：7.00）填空项 1:_(9).If you find it difficult to include enough calcium in your diet, _（分数：7.00）填空项 1:_(10).It may be easy to get vitamin D, since _ when your skin is exposed to the suns rays.（分数：7.00）填空项 1:_三、BPart Listenin(总题数：
37、0，分数：0.00)四、BSection A/B(总题数：4，分数：105.00)Directions: In this section, you will hear 8 short conversations and 2 long conversations. At the end of each conversation, one or more questions will be asked about what was said. Both the conversation and the questions will be spoken only once. After each q
38、uestion there will be a pause. During the pause, you must read the.four choices marked I A, B, C and D, and decide which is the best answer. Then mark the corresponding letter on Answer Sheet 2 with a single line through the center.（分数：35.00）(1). A. She went to the party without knowing it. B. She w
39、as invited to the party. C. She was present for the party. D. She was absent from the party.（分数：7.00）A.B.C.D.(2). A. Joan will give out the assignments. B. Joan will speak in the seminar. C. Joan wont be present at the seminar. D. Joan wont sign the petitions.（分数：7.00）A.B.C.D.(3). A. Present a new t
40、heory to the class. B. Read more than one article. C. Read the book more thoroughly. D. Write a better article for the class.（分数：7.00）A.B.C.D.(4). A. Her back hurt during the meeting. B. His support does not mean anything now. C. She agreed that it was a very good meeting. D. The proposal should be
41、sent back to the meeting.（分数：7.00）A.B.C.D.(5). A. The library is within walking distance. B. The streets are not in good condition. C. The man should get a car instead. D. The man should exercise more.（分数：7.00）A.B.C.D.（分数：21.00）(1). A. Yes, she can study there if she is writing a research paper. B.
42、Yes, but she needs to have the approval of her professor. C. Yes, because she is a senior student. D. No, its open only to teachers and postgraduates.（分数：7.00）A.B.C.D.(2). A. He decided not to cancel his appointment. B. His new glasses arent comfortable. C. Hes too busy to get a checkup. D. He has t
43、o check when the appointment is.（分数：7.00）A.B.C.D.(3). A. His errors were mainly in the reading part. B. It wasnt very challenging to him. C. It was more difficult than he had expected. D. He made very few grammatical mistakes in his test.（分数：7.00）A.B.C.D.Conversation One Questions 19 to 22 are based
44、 on the conversation you have just heard. （分数：28.00）(1). A. Leisure sporting activities. B. Average age of athletes. C. Durability of sporting equipment. D. Peoples preference for sporting activities.（分数：7.00）A.B.C.D.(2). A. Jogging. B. Tennis. C. Cycling. D. Swimming.（分数：7.00）A.B.C.D.(3). A. Target
45、 the 18 to 26 year-old age group. B. Sell tennis rackets. C. Carry more athletic shoes. D. Work out a more appealing slogan.（分数：7.00）A.B.C.D.(4). A. They have more buying power. B. They have enough time to exercise. C. They tend to enjoy sports more. D. They are very health conscious.（分数：7.00）A.B.C.
46、D.Conversation Two Questions 23 to 25 are based on the conversation you have just heard. （分数：21.00）(1). A. Because its a way of relaxing himself. B. Because he has nothing else to do. C. Because sitcom is very funny. D. Because watching TV is his favorite activity.（分数：7.00）A.B.C.D.(2). A. Some inter
47、esting commercials. B. Some perfect looking woman complained about the tribulations. C. Some stupid sitcom. D. Some woman went crazy and killed her husband.（分数：7.00）A.B.C.D.(3). A. Go out for dinner. B. Watch the documentary with the man. C. Go dancing. D. Watch a game show（分数：7.00）A.B.C.D.五、BSectio
48、n B/B(总题数：3，分数：70.00)Directions: In this section, you will hear ,3 short passages. At the end of each passage, you will hear some questions. Both the passage and the questions will be spoken only once. After you hear a question, you must choose the best answer from the four choices marked A, B, C and D. Then mark the corresponding letter on Answer Sheet 2 with a single line through the center.Passage OneQuestions 26 to 28 are based on the passage you have just he
