1、BFT 阅读（综合）-试卷 37 及答案解析(总分：56.00，做题时间：90 分钟)一、Part 3(总题数：4，分数：56.00)Reebok executives do not like to hear their stylish athletic shoes called “footwear for yuppies“. They contend that Reebok shoes appeal to diverse market segments, especially now that the company offers basketball and childrens shoes
2、 for the under-18 set and walking shoes for older customers not interested in aerobics or running. The executives also point out that through recent acquisitions they have added hiking boots, dress and casual shoes, and high-performance athletic footwear to their product lines, all of which should a
3、ttract new and varied groups of customers. Still, despite its emphasis on new markets, Reebok plans few changes in the up-market retailing network that helped push sales to $1 billion annually, ahead of all other sports shoes marketers. Reebok shoes, which are priced from $27 to $85, will continue t
4、o be sold only in better specialty, sporting goods, and department stores, in accordance with the companys view that consumers judge the quality of the brand by the quality of its distribution. In the past few years, the Massachusetts-based company has imposed limits on the number of its distributor
5、s(and the number of shoes supplied to stores), partly out of necessity. At times, the unexpected demand for Reeboks exceeded supply, and the company could barely keep up with orders from the dealers it already had. These fulfillment problems seem to be under control now, but the company is still sel
6、ective about its distributors. At present, Reebok shoes are available in about five thousand retail stores in the United States. Reebok has already anticipated that walking shoes will be the next fitness-related craze, replacing aerobics shoes the same way its brightly colored, soft leather exercise
7、 footwear replaced conventional running shoes. Through product diversification and careful market research, Reebok hopes to avoid the distribution problems Nike came across several years ago, when Nike misjudged the strength of the aerobics shoes craze and was forced to unload huge inventories of ru
8、nning shoes through discount stores.（分数：14.00）(1).One reason why Reeboks managerial personnel dont like their shoes to be called “footwear for yuppies“ is that _.（分数：2.00）A.they believe that their shoes are popular with people of different age groupsB.new production lines have been added to produce
9、inexpensive shoesC.yuppies usually evokes a negative imageD.the term makes people think of prohibitive prices(2).Reeboks view that “consumers judge the quality of the brand by the quality of its distribution“(Line 5, Para. 2)implies that _.（分数：2.00）A.the quality of a brand is measured by the service
10、 quality of the store selling itB.the quality of a product determines the quality of its distributorsC.the popularity of a brand is determined by the stores that sell itD.consumers believe that first-rate products are only sold by high-quality stores(3).Reebok once had to limit the number of its dis
11、tributors because _.（分数：2.00）A.its supply of products fell short of demandB.too many distributors would cut into its profitsC.the reduction of distributors could increase its share of the marketD.it wanted to enhance consumer confidence in its products(4).Although the Reebok Company has solved the p
12、roblem of fulfilling its orders, it _.（分数：2.00）A.does not want to further expand its retailing networkB.still limits the number of shoes supplied to storesC.is still particular about who sells its productsD.still carefully chooses the manufacturers of its products(5).What lesson has Reebok learned f
13、rom Nikes distribution problems?（分数：2.00）A.A company should not sell its high quality shoes in discount stores.B.A company should not limit its distribution network.C.A company should do follow-up surveys of its products.D.A company should correctly evaluate the impact of a new craze on the market.(
14、6).What does “aerobics“ mean in the first paragraph?（分数：2.00）A.Energetic physical exercises done in order to increase the amount of oxygen taken into the body.B.Small airport or airfield, used mainly by private aircraft.C.Spectacular feats performed with aircraft, especially as part of a display.D.A
15、rt of performing flying.(7).How to understand the word “inventories“ in the last paragraph?（分数：2.00）A.Action of creation or designing by thought.B.Detailed listing of goods, furniture, jobs to be done.C.A large quantity of goods piled up in the stock which cannot be sold in time.D.Person who invents
16、 things.Taking charge of yourself involves putting to rest some very prevalent myths. At the top of the list is the notion that intelligence is measured by your ability to solve complex problems; to read, write and compute at certain levels; and to resolve abstract equations quickly. This vision of
17、intelligence asserts formal education and bookish excellence as the true measures of self-fulfillment. It encourages a kind of intellectual prejudice that has brought with it some discouraging results. We have come to believe that someone who has more educational merit badges, who is very good at so
18、me form of school discipline is “intelligent. “ Yet mental hospitals are filled with patients who have all of the properly lettered certificates. A truer indicator of intelligence is an effective, happy life lived each day and each present moment of every day. If you are happy, if you live each mome
19、nt for everything its worth, then you are an intelligent person. Problem solving is a useful help to your happiness, but if you know that given your inability to resolve a particular concern you can still choose happiness for yourself, or at a minimum refuse to choose unhappiness, then you are intel
20、ligent. You are intelligent because you have the ultimate weapon against the big N.B.D. Nervous Break Down. “Intelligent“ people do not have N.B.D. s because they are in charge of themselves. They know how to choose happiness over depression, because they know how to deal with the problems of their
21、lives. You can begin to think of yourselves truly intelligent on the basis of how you choose to feel in the face of trying circumstances. The life struggles are pretty much the same for each of us. Everyone who is involved with other human-beings in any social context has similar difficulties. Disag
22、reements, conflicts and compromises are a part of what it means to be human. Similarly, money, growing old, sickness, deaths, natural disasters and accidents are all events which present problems to virtually all human beings. But some people are able to make it, to avoid immobilizing depression and
23、 unhappiness despite such occurrences, while others collapse or have an N.B.D. Those who recognize problems as a human condition and dont measure happiness by an absence of problems are the most intelligent kind of humans we know; also, the most rare.（分数：14.00）(1).According to the author, the conven
24、tional notion of intelligence measured in terms of one s ability to read, write and compute _.（分数：2.00）A.is a widely held but wrong conceptB.will help eliminate intellectual prejudiceC.is the root of all mental distressD.will contribute to ones self-fulfillment(2).It is implied in the passage that h
25、olding a university degree _.（分数：2.00）A.may result in ones inability to solve complex real life problemsB.does not indicate ones ability to write properly worded documentsC.may make one mentally sick and physically weakD.does not mean that one is highly intelligent(3).The author thinks that an intel
26、ligent person knows _.（分数：2.00）A.how to put up with some very prevalent mythsB.how to find the best way to achieve successC.how to avoid depression and make his life worthwhileD.how to persuade others to compromise(4).In the last paragraph, the author tells us that _.（分数：2.00）A.difficulties are but
27、part of everyones lifeB.depression and unhappiness are unavoidable in lifeC.everybody should learn to avoid trying circumstancesD.good feelings can contribute to eventual academic excellence(5).According to the passage, what kind of people are rare?（分数：2.00）A.Those who dont emphasize bookish excelle
28、nce in their pursuit of happiness.B.Those who are aware of difficulties in life but know how to avoid unhappiness.C.Those who measure happiness by an absence of problems but seldom suffer from N.B.D.s.D.Those who are able to secure happiness though having to struggle against trying circumstances.(6)
29、.How to understand the word “intelligence“ in the first paragraph?（分数：2.00）A.Power of learning, understanding and reasoning; mental ability.B.Information, especially of military value.C.People engaged in gathering such information.D.Person of high reasoning power.(7).What is the meaning of “depressi
30、on“ in the third paragraph ?（分数：2.00）A.Being depressed; low spirit.B.Hollow sunken place in the surface of something.C.Period when there is little economic activity.D.(Winds caused by a)lowering of atmospheric pressure.In the 1950s, the pioneers of artificial intelligence(AI)predicted that, by the e
31、nd of this century, computers would be conversing with us at work and robots would be performing our housework. But as useful as computers are, theyre nowhere close to achieving anything remotely resembling these early aspirations for humanlike behavior. Never mind something as complex as conversati
32、on: the most powerful computers struggle to reliably recognize the shape of an object, the most elementary of tasks for a ten-month-old kid. A growing group of AI researchers think they know where the field went wrong. The problem, the scientists say, is that AI has been trying to separate the highe
33、st, most abstract levels of thought, like language and mathematics, and to duplicate them with logical, step-by-step programs. A new movement in AI, on the other hand, takes a closer look at the more roundabout way in which nature came up with intelligence. Many of these researchers study evolution
34、and natural adaptation instead of formal logic and conventional computer programs. Rather than digital computers and transistors, some want to work with brain cells and proteins. The results of these early efforts are as promising as they are peculiar, and the new nature-based AI movement is slowly
35、but surely moving to the forefront of the field. Imitating the brains neural network is a huge step in the right direction, says computer scientist and biophysicist Michael Conrad, but it still misses an important aspect of natural intelligence. “People tend to treat the brain as if it were made up
36、of color-coded transistors,“ he explains, “but its not simply a clever network of switches. There are lots of important things going on inside the brain cells themselves. “ Specifically, Conrad believes that many of the brains capabilities stem from the pattern recognition proficiency of the individ
37、ual molecules that make up each brain cell. The best way to build an artificially intelligent device, he claims, would be to build it around the same sort of molecular skills. Right now, the option that conventional computers and softwares are fundamentally incapable of matching the processes that t
38、ake place in the brain remains controversial. But if it proves true, then the efforts of Conrad and his fellow AI rebels could turn out to be the only game in town.（分数：14.00）(1).How to paraphrase the word “pioneers“(Line 1, Para. 1)?（分数：2.00）A.Persons who are among the first to go into an area or co
39、untry to settle or work there.B.Persons who go into previously unknown regions to explore.C.Persons who are the first to study a new area of knowledge.D.Any one of a group of soldiers who go into an area in advance of an army to clear paths.(2).The author says that the powerful computers of today _.
40、（分数：2.00）A.are capable of reliably recognizing the shape of an objectB.are close to exhibiting humanlike behaviorC.are not very different in their performance from those of the 1950sD.still cannot communicate with people in a human language(3).The new trend in artificial intelligence research stems
41、from _.（分数：2.00）A.the shift of the focus of study on to the recognition of the shapes of objectsB.the belief that human intelligence cannot be duplicated with logical, step-by-step programsC.the aspirations of scientists to duplicate the intelligence of a ten-month-old childD.the efforts made by sci
42、entists in the study of the similarities between transistors and brain cells(4).Conrad and his group of AI researchers have been making enormous efforts to _.（分数：2.00）A.find a roundabout way to design powerful computersB.build a computer using a clever network of switchesC.find out how intelligence
43、developed in natureD.separate the highest and most abstract levels of thought(5).Whats the authors opinion about the new AI movement?（分数：2.00）A.It has created a sensation among artificial intelligence researchers but will soon die out.B.Its a breakthrough in duplicating human thought processes.C.Its
44、 more like a peculiar game rather than a real scientific effort.D.It may prove to be in the right direction though nobody is sure of its future prospects.(6).Which of the following is closest in meaning to the phrase “the only game in town“(Line 3, Para. 4)?（分数：2.00）A.The only approach to building a
45、n artificially intelligent computer.B.The only way for them to win a prize in artificial intelligence research.C.The only area worth studying in computer science.D.The only game they would like to play in town.(7).Whats the meaning of “adaptation“(Line 5, Para. 2)?（分数：2.00）A.(Act of)taking somebody
46、into ones family, especially as ones child or heir.B.Action or process of becoming adjusted to new conditions.C.Thing made by adapting something else, especially a text for production on the stage, radio, etc.D.Device that connects pieces of equipment that were not originally designed to be connecte
47、d.Wild Bill Donovan would have loved the Internet. The American spymaster who built the Office of Strategic Services in World War II and later laid the roots for the CIA was fascinated with information. Donovan believed in using whatever tools came to hand in the “great game“ of espionage-spying as
48、a “profession“. These days the Net, which has already remade pastimes as buying books and sending mail, is reshaping Donovans vocation as well. The last revolution isnt simply a matter of gentlemen reading other gentlemens e-mail. That kind of electronic spying has been going on for decades. In the
49、past three or four years, the world wide web has given birth to a whole industry of point and click spying. The spooks call it “open source intelligence“, and as the Net grows, it is becoming increasingly influential. In 1995, the CIA held a contest to see who could compile the most data about Burundi. The winner, by a large margin, was a tiny Virginia company called Open Source Solutions, whose clear advantage was its mastery of the electronic world. Among the firms making the biggest splash in the new worl
