1、BFT（阅读）-试卷 7及答案解析(总分：90.00，做题时间：90 分钟)一、Part 1(总题数：1，分数：16.00)Read the article below and choose the best sentence from the list on the next page to fill each of the gaps. For each gap(1-8)mark one letter(AH)on the Answer Sheet. Do not mark any letter twice. Smartphone Data to Give Early Warning of E
2、arthquakes One day last August, in the early hours of the morning, a 6.0-magnitude earthquake rocked Napa Valley, waking people all around Californias famed wine region. 1Once the quake was over, tracker company Jawbone gathered the data in a public graphic, using it to detail the differences in dis
3、turbance for life loggers in Berkeley, Oakland and San Jose. Now new research shows that sensors in smartphones can give early warning of an earthquake too. 2Many of us walk around laden with devices that compile data on our movements and interests - data that seismologists now want to help spot the
4、 next major earthquake. At the US Geological Survey, Benjamin Brooks is looking to smartphones rather than finely tuned scientific instruments to predict big quakes. Smartphones come equipped with GPS sensors that can tell where youre standing, give or take a few metres. 3They can also sense a sudde
5、n lurch in one direction the kind of movement that, when logged by many people at once, might be a sign of a seismic shift. “Imagine all of Portland was out at a cafe on a sunny day, and everyones smartphones were sitting on the table when one of these great earthquakes happened,“ says Brooks. “The
6、whole city would appear to move.“ 4One simulation explored a model magnitude 7.0 earthquake along the Hayward fault, and another used actual location data recorded at scientific stations during Japans devastating 2011 megaquake. Both scenarios suggested that data from around 5,000 people would be en
7、ough to spot the beginnings of a major earthquake, leaving about 5 seconds to warn major population centres that hadnt yet felt its effects. When an earthquake is coming, a few seconds of warning can be crucial. 5“You get out in front of the situation and inform people before any ill effects,“ says
8、Brooks. Smart sensing This isnt seismologists first foray into smart phones. Two years ago, researchers at the California Institute of Technology in Pasadena came out with an app, Crowdshake, which monitors a phones accelerometer. 6Until then, Brooks and his colleagues plan to keep putting smartphon
9、es to the test. In an upcoming pilot in Chile, about 250 phones will be stripped of their standard GPS cards and placed in boxes around the country, where theyll lie in wait to record the next big earthquake. Others have found ingenious ways to tap into human activity to locate quakes. 7 Whenever th
10、eres a sudden surge of traffic to their website, they look at where visitors are accessing it from to get a sense of where the earthquake is and how strong it might be. 8Within a couple of minutes, they have enough information to publish their first unconfirmed reports of the quake. “The internet is
11、 the nervous system of the planet,“ says Remy Bossu, secretary general at the centre. “If we want to make rapid earthquake information available to the public and authorities, we have to focus on the earthquakes that matter for them.“A. At the European-Mediterranean Seismological Center, seismologis
12、ts rely on the internet to pinpoint where earthquakes are happening around the globe.B. Many were wearing fitness trackers.C. Unfortunately, with GPS data it isnt as simple as building an app: Smartphone manufacturers dont currently provide access to the raw data required.D. While Jawbones post didn
13、t inspire confidence in the privacy of users data, it did make a point: Humans can be useful sensors.E. On an ordinary day, these are what allow us to map our way to a store or geolocate our tweets.F. Fire-station doors could start to raise, gas pipelines could automatically shut off, and city resid
14、ents could jump to safety under a nearby desk.G. They also monitor Twitter for relevant keywords.H. Brooks and his colleagues have now tested what crowd sourced GPS data might look like in a real earthquake.（分数：16.00）填空项 1:_填空项 1:_填空项 1:_填空项 1:_填空项 1:_填空项 1:_填空项 1:_填空项 1:_二、Part 2(总题数：2，分数：20.00)Rea
15、d the following passage and answer questions 9-18.1. If sustainable competitive advantage depends on work-force skills, American firms have a problem. Human-resource management is not traditionally seen as a central to the competitive survival of the firm of the United States. Skill acquisition is c
16、onsidered an individual responsibility. Labor is simply another factor of production to rent at the lowest possible cost as much as one buys row materials or equipment.2. The lack of the importance attached to human-resource management can be seen in the cooperation hierarchy. In an American firm th
17、e chief financial officer is almost always second in command. The post of head of human-resource management is usually a specialized job, off at edge of corporate hierarchy. The executive who holds it is never consulted on major strategic decisions and has no chance to move up to Chief Executive Off
18、icer. By way of contrast, in Japan the head of human-resource management is central usually the second most important executive, after the CEO, in the firms hierarchy.3. While American firms often talk about the vast amounts spent on training their work forces, in fact they invest less in the skills
19、 of their employees than do either Japanese or German firms. The money they do is also more highly concentrated on professional and managerial employees. And the limited investments on modern training workers are much more narrowly focused on the specific skills necessary to do the next job rather t
20、han on the basic background skills that make it possible to absorb new technologies.4. As a result, problems emerge when new breakthrough technologies arrived. If American workers, for example, take much longer to learn how to operate new flexible manufacturing stations than workers in Germany do(as
21、 they do), the effective cost of those stations is lower in Germany than it is in United States. More times is required before equipment is up and running at capacity, and the need for extensive retraining generates costs and creates bottlenecks that limit the speed, with which new equipment can be
22、employed.5. The result is a slower pace of technological changes. And in the end the skills of the bottom half of the population affect the wages of the top half. If the bottom half cannot effectively staff the processes that have to operated, the management and professional jobs that go with these
23、processes will disappear.Questions 9-13 For questions 9-13, choose the best title for each paragraph from below. For each numbered paragraph(1-5), mark one letter(A-G)on the Answer Sheet. Do not mark any letter twice.A. The bad effect of poor management on new technologies.B. The position of human-r
24、esource management in corporation hierarchy.C. The work force training in American firms.D. Human-resource management is not important for American firms.E. How to make American firms become more completive.F. The importance of workers skill.G. Problems exit in Americans companies.（分数：10.00）(1).Para
25、graph 1: 1（分数：2.00）填空项 1:_(2).Paragraph 2: 1（分数：2.00）填空项 1:_(3).Paragraph 3: 1（分数：2.00）填空项 1:_(4).Paragraph 4: 1（分数：2.00）填空项 1:_(5).Paragraph 5: 1（分数：2.00）填空项 1:_Using the information in the text, complete each sentence 14-18, with a word or phrase from the list below. For each sentence(14-18), mark
26、 one letter(A-G)on the Answer Sheet. Do not mark any letter twice.A. professional and managerial employeesB. work staffC. human-resource managementD. work force skillsE. important postF. the improvement of workers basic skillsG. more money should be invested（分数：10.00）(1).American firms dont attach m
27、uch importance to 1.（分数：2.00）填空项 1:_(2).The sustainable competitive advantage of American firms does not depend on 1.（分数：2.00）填空项 1:_(3).The head of human resource management is a/an 1.（分数：2.00）填空项 1:_(4).The money the American firms put in work-force training goes to 1.（分数：2.00）填空项 1:_(5).The decis
28、ive factor in maintaining a firms competitive advantage is 1.（分数：2.00）填空项 1:_三、Part 3(总题数：1，分数：14.00)Read the following article from a newspaper and answer questions 19-25. For questions 19-25, choose the correct answer A, B, C or D. Corzines Downfall The collapse this week of the broker-dealer MF G
29、lobal and the due punishment of its chief executive Jon Corzine, who resigned Friday, have been and will be put to many political and rhetorical purposes. MF Globals bankruptcy has been called, possibly, the first domino in a potential collapse of the European banking system; in this rendering, its
30、a rough analog to the failure, in the spring of 2008, of Bear Srearns, which warned the chaos of autumn. It might well be cast as a stimulus for more government regulation, or smarter regulation; to some, it might even be a case study in overregulation. Every rationale for regulation seems to contai
31、n, as yang to its yin, an argument that regulation is actually to blame. Corzines downfall is an update on Icarus, all illustration of arrogance. It reminds us that leverage kills, that it is dangerous to pick up nickels in front of a steamroller, that risk is risky, that pigs get fat while hogs get
32、 slaughtered . It complicates the Democrats hopes of controlling anti-Wall Street fervor in the Presidential election, because Corzine has been one of Barack Obamas most generous supporters-a possible future Treasury Secretary. The Republicans will not soon let this one go. It certainly further stai
33、ns the reputation of Goldman Sachs. Corzine, a former C.E.O. of Goldman, took over a company partially owned by the firm of another ex-Goldmanite, Christopher Flowers, and managed, in a year and a half, to destroy it, in part while resisting oversight from a government regulator. That regulator come
34、s from the Commodity Futures Trading Commission, whose chairman, Gary Gensle, is also a Goldman alumnus. It further damages the perception, or myth, that a becoming-a-partner at Goldman Sachs indicates brilliance, or insures success or a lifetime inclusion in the vampire-squid-piracy, although you c
35、an find whisperings of a conspiracy theory that Goldman planted Corzine at MF Global in order to destroy it a notion that is almost as deceiving as it is ridiculous. Corzanes collapse is also an occasion for taking-pleasure-in-others-suffering. It is an occasion for those among Occupy Wall Streets 9
36、9 per cent, whod be ready to pitchfork him to pieces. It is also an occasion for the tiny cowering minority, who may resent Goldman for its perceived arrogance or cunning, or who may question the conceited folly and civic harm of Corzines spending over a hundred million of his own money to get elect
37、ed to public office. The sentiment, among his peers, was that Corzine wasnt so great a trader to begin with. And the sentiment was also that in the years since he had left Goldman, his skills, such as they were, had got rusty or outdated. It is ironic that Corzine blundered by, and is being criticiz
38、ed for, among other things, betting too unbalancedly on Europe. That is, MF Global was banking on the hope that Portugal, Ireland, Italy, and Greece(whose bonds are collectively known as PUGS)would not default on their debts by the end of the year. It might have turned out to be a good bet, were it
39、not for the fact that it was made sneakily with money that was borrowed and perhaps even effectively stolen-or for the fact that he basically bet the firm, and the farm. Goldman Sachs, meanwhile, has been criticized, since the housing meltdown of 2008, for having profited from bets against the housi
40、ng market for shorting crappy derivatives based on mortgages. That was a good bet, except that Goldman made it while dumping those crappy derivatives on its unwitting clients.（分数：14.00）(1).The primary purpose of the passage is to_.（分数：2.00）A.analyze the aftermath of Corzines downfallB.challenge the
41、control of Corzines oversightC.criticize the fault of Corzines professional jobD.expose the injustice of Corzines global policy(2).The MF Globals bankruptcy_.（分数：2.00）A.initiates the abrupt reforms of the government regulationB.arouses the self-inspection of the government regulationC.triggers the c
42、hain-reaction of the European banking systemD.starts the overall collapse of the European banking system(3).The underlined expression in the 2nd paragraph indicates that Corzine is too_.（分数：2.00）A.cynicalB.greedyC.arrogantD.ambitious(4).Corzines downfall is welcomed by the Republicans because he is_
43、.（分数：2.00）A.a confidential think tanker of the DemocratsB.a key candidate alternative for the DemocratsC.a major financial resource for the DemocratsD.a crucial political supporter of the Democrats(5).Corzine stained the reputation of Goldman Sachs in that he is not_.（分数：2.00）A.competent as a chief
44、executiveB.insistent as a reform promoterC.faithful as a business partnerD.qualified as a financial expert(6).The mocking and sneering on Corzines failure might come from_.（分数：2.00）A.protestants and rivalsB.clients and employersC.experts and officialsD.PIIGS and regulators(7).According to the author
45、, Corzines failure results from_.（分数：2.00）A.his intensive interest in political reformsB.his wrong prediction on European debtsC.his definite refusal to official regulationsD.his retarded update of professional skills四、Part 4(总题数：1，分数：40.00)Read the following passage and choose the best word for eac
46、h space. The need for a surgical operation,【C1】_an emergency operation, almost always comes as a【C2】_shock to the patient and his family. Despite modern advances, most people still have an【C3】_fear of hospitals. Patients do not often believe they really need surgery cutting into a part of the body a
47、s【C4】_to treatment with drugs. In the early years of this century there was【C5】_specialization in surgery. A good surgeon was capable【C6】_almost every operation that had been【C7】_up to that time. Today the【C8】_is different. Operations are now being carried【C9】_that were not even dreamed of fifty yea
48、rs ago. The heart can be safely opened. A lung, the whole stomach, or even part of the brain can be removed and still permit the patient to live a【C10】_and satisfactory life. The【C11】_of surgery has increase【C12】_in this century. Its safety has increase, too. Deaths from most operations are about 20% of what they were in 1910 and surgery has been extended【C13】_many directions. The hospital stay after surgery has been【C14】_to as l
