1、同等学力人员申请硕士学位英语-50 及答案解析(总分：100.02，做题时间：90 分钟)四、Test One(总题数：1，分数：21.00)Angela Isadora Duncan was born in San Francisco, California in eighteen seventy-seven. She was the youngest of four children. Her parents“ marriage ended in divorce when Isadora was three years old. Isadora and her brothers and s
2、ister were raised by their mother, Mary. The family was very poor. Isadora taught dance lessons to local children to earn extra money. She began teaching when she was only five years old. Mary Duncan taught her children about music, dancing, the theater and literature. Young Isadora believed this wa
3、s all the education she needed. She did not attend school for very long. She said it restricted her from dancing and thinking about the arts. Isadora wanted to make dancing her life“s work. And she wanted to live by her own rules, not by what other people thought was right or wrong. The kind of danc
4、ing Isadora wanted to do was new and different from other dances at the time. She thought dancing should be an art, not just entertainment. Isadora Duncan did not like ballet. She said that ballet dancers had too many rules to follow about how they should stand and bend and move. She said ballet was
5、 “ugly and against nature.“ She wanted her “modern“ dance style to be free and natural. Isadora liked to move her arms and legs in very smooth motions. She said this was like waves in the ocean, or trees swaying in the wind. Isadora spent most of her teen-aged years in the San Francisco area. She co
6、ntinued to teach dancing classes, mostly to young girls. She also visited local libraries to read the works of Shakespeare and to study about the ancient Greeks. When she was eighteen years old, Isadora urged her mother to move to Chicago and then to New York. She thought dancing in these two large
7、cities would help her career. In the late nineteen twenties, her dancing career was over. People began to think of her as a sad person whose best days were gone. She was seen in public many times after she had too many alcoholic drinks. She ran out of money, but continued to stay at the finest hotel
8、s. She had many debts that she could not pay. Newspapers carried stories of her “reckless“ and “scandalous“ life style.（分数：21.00）(1).What kind of education did Isadora Duncan think she needed when she was young?（分数：3.50）A.Formal schooling.B.High-quality pre-schooling.C.Schooling in private schools.D
9、.Schooling by her mother.(2).Which of following does NOT explain why Isadora wanted to make her dancing different from other dances?（分数：3.50）A.She didn“t want to be controlled by others.B.She wanted to live by her own rules.C.She viewed dancing as an art, not just entertainment.D.She wanted to make
10、her dancing beautiful and natural.(3).Isadora did not like ballet because _.（分数：3.50）A.she thought ballet was not an artB.she didn“t want to follow too many rulesC.she thought ballet was against natureD.she wanted to be free and different(4).Why did Isadora urge her mother to move to Chicago and the
11、n New York when she was eighteen?（分数：3.50）A.Because the two large cities were the most prosperous at the time.B.Because the two large cities offered her more chances to teach dance.C.Because the two large cities were helpful for her dancing career.D.Because the two large cities were her favorite one
12、s in her childhood.(5).Which of the following words can NOT best describe Isadora“s mid-aged life in the late 1920s?（分数：3.50）A.Wretched.B.Splendid.C.Absurd.D.Reckless.(6).This passage is a _.（分数：3.50）A.book reportB.descriptive essayC.news reportD.narrative essay五、Test Two(总题数：1，分数：21.00)The children
13、 return from school confused, scared and sometimes with bruises (淤伤，青肿) on their wrists, arms or face. Many won“t talk about what happened, or simply can“t, because they are unable to communicate easily, if at all. Dr. Miller, a podiatrist (足部医生) in Allegany, N.Y. learned that Tim, who has Asperger“
14、s syndrome, was being unusually confrontational in class, and that more than once teachers had held him down on the floor to “calm him down,“ according to logs teachers kept to track his behavior; on at least one occasion, adults held Tim prone for 20 minutes until he stopped struggling. The Millers
15、 are suing the district, in part for costs of therapy for their son as a result of the restraints. The district did not dispute the logs but denied that teachers behaved improperly. For more than a decade, parents of children with developmental and psychiatric problems have pushed to gain more acces
16、s to mainstream schools and classrooms for their sons and daughters. One unfortunate result, some experts say, is schools“ increasing use of precisely the sort of practices families hoped to avoid by steering clear of institutionalized settings- takedowns, isolation rooms, restraining chairs with st
17、raps, and worse. No one keeps careful track of how often school staff members use such methods. But last year the public system served 600,000 more special education students than it did a decade ago, many at least part time in regular classrooms. Many staff members are not adequately trained to han
18、dle severe behavior problems, researchers say. In April, a 9-year-old Montreal boy with autism (自闭症) died of suffocation when a special education teacher wrapped him in a weighted blanket to calm him, according to the coroner“s report. Two Michigan public school students with autism have died while
19、being held on the ground in so-called prone restraint. “Behavior problems in school are way up, and there“s good reason to believe that the use of these procedures is up, too,“ said Reece L. Peterson, a professor of special education at the University of Nebraska. “It“s an awful combination, because
20、 many parents expect restraints to be usedas long as it“s not their kid.“ Federal law leaves it to states and school districts to decide when physical restraints and seclusion are appropriate, and standards vary widely. Oversight is virtually nonexistent in most states, despite the potential for har
21、m and scant evidence of benefit, Dr. Peterson said. Psychiatric facilities and nursing homes are generally far more accountable to report on such incidents than schools, experts say.（分数：21.00）(1).The author cites the example of Tim to imply that _.（分数：3.50）A.children sometimes cannot communicate eas
22、ilyB.children often become confused and scared at schoolC.children may experience physical punishment at schoolD.children usually do not know what has occurred to them(2).What was the attitude of school district toward physical restraints?（分数：3.50）A.It did not admit the existence of physical restrai
23、nts.B.It was skeptical about the behavior logs.C.It started to look into the incidents immediately.D.It was indifferent to Millers“ accusation.(3).One negative outcome of rushing into mainstream schools and classrooms was that _.（分数：3.50）A.schools are increasingly using some invisible means of punis
24、hmentB.schools with the institutionalized settings are immediately closedC.the students developed very serious psychiatric problemsD.parents could not get an easy access to their children(4).“Behavior problems“ (Para. 7) refers to the problem that _.（分数：3.50）A.some students are not obedient nor well
25、 behavedB.some students have behavior deficiency such as autismC.some teachers use physical restraints to punish studentsD.some parents are in favor of physical punishment(5).Which of the following does NOT explain why it is difficult to solve the problem of physical restraints?（分数：3.50）A.Many paren
26、ts are in favor of it, if not on their kids.B.The standards for using it are different in states or schools.C.There is no supervision on it in most states and school.D.Many teachers are not adequately trained.(6).In the last paragraph, “such incidents“ refers to _.（分数：3.50）A.death of children or stu
27、dents with autismB.psychiatric problems in childrenC.physical punishment in many schoolsD.lack of supervision in most states六、Test Three(总题数：1，分数：21.00)Online dating, it“s now universally agreed, has its limits. In an effort to combat such digital deception tactics, one of the biggest online dating
28、services, M, has decided to get people out from behind their computers to come out and play. Ironic? No. Regular dating has its weaknesses too, including extreme initial awkwardness when two people first meet and the even extremer awkwardness of the next few hours when a date proves to be a nonstart
29、er. Match. corn believes that with its database of single-but-searching folks, its algorithm (配对规则) for finding compatibility, it can put together a heck of a singles mixer. The company has been quietly inviting members to gatherings for the past few years so far, it has hosted about 60 singles even
30、ts. After all, it knows where the singles are, and it knows what they say they like. So encouraged has Match been by the results, it has just launched an event service known as Stir, which will host 2,000 to 3,000 singles parties a year, hitting 24 cities in June and 70 in September. Since everyone
31、at the events is looking for a date, the awkwardness is a shared burden and will be easier to shrug off, reasons the company. Also, the dating service is digging deep into its database of 3 million singles, so it can slice and dice the guest list. If it wanted to host a singles event on the south si
32、de of Topeka in which everybody was a single parent between the ages of 30 and 40 with an interest in Shar-Pei breeding, it could do thatall while making sure that the ratio of male to female dog lovers is perfectly balanced. Many companies have already tried to turn their online presence into a sin
33、gles meet-up business. M“s advantage here is the size of its singles pool and the depth of information it has about their preferences. Match“s VP of Strategy and Analytics Amarnath Thombre says the Stir meet-ups are not in response to recent studies that have questioned the effectiveness of compatib
34、ility algorithms such as the one M offers but a natural area of development for a company that just wants to get people together. Nevertheless it seems to suggest that online dating might have found its natural limits; it cannot find a mathematical formula for chemistry. To say the dating company ha
35、s high ambitions for Stir is an understatement. Match considers its foray into the offline world the biggest news in its 17 years of existence. “We will be the largest singles event company in the world,“ predicts Match. com president Mandy Ginsberg. “We could potentially serve half a million people
36、 a year.“ She also excited about stimulating local economies and revitalizing downtown areas by bringing customers to the local bars where the gatherings take place.（分数：21.00）(1).What contributes to M“s idea of offline dating, according to the passage?（分数：3.50）A.Competition with online dating and tr
37、aditional dating.B.Shortcomings of online dating and traditional dating.C.Embarrassment at the first meeting in traditional dating.D.Possibility of deception in online dating.(2).Which of the following does NOT explain why M launched the event service of Stir?（分数：3.50）A.It has good knowledge about t
38、he singles.B.It has won some success in offline dating service.C.It has its own algorithm for finding compatibilityD.It has the experience in such service.(3).The phrase “slice and dice“ (Para. 4) most probably means “_“.（分数：3.50）A.splitB.applyC.classifyD.trust(4).What can be inferred from Paragraph
39、 5?（分数：3.50）A.M was doubted and suspected by recent studies.B.M was faced with competition from its opponents.C.M was advantageous in offline dating business.D.M was invited to pass on its experiences.(5).What does Amarnath Thombre say about Match. corn“s Stir meet-ups?（分数：3.50）A.It is nothing but a
40、 reply to the doubt about it.B.It has found its natural limits and weaknesses.C.It is a natural development to gather the singles.D.It should not spread on a large scale.(6).It can be inferred from the Last Paragraph that _.（分数：3.50）A.M has high ambitions for Stir meet-upsB.M is proud and confident
41、of its achievementsC.M helps to promote local economyD.M benefits the downtown areas quite a lot七、Test Four(总题数：1，分数：21.00)It sounds as if you“re hesitant to let go of some of the control you“ve established as a hands-on entrepreneur. This is a common early hurdle for companies moving to the next le
42、vel of sophistication. But before you spend time and money building systems or hiring employees, you“ll need to sell yourself fully on this idea: If you don“t, even your best efforts to delegate tasks won“t work. “The first person to convince that you can have a business that works without you is yo
43、urself. If you do not have a vision of what that looks like, then how can you expect someone else to have that vision for you?“ asks Brian Blomgren, owner of business coaching and training firm Action COACH in Atlanta. “Because an owner has already sacrificed so much to build the company, he or she
44、may not be able to see their value to others outside of the role they play in their professional life. If you find yourself in this situation, take the time to create a new identity that you want to pursue and live up to,“ Blomgren says. Another stumbling block you may run across as you begin turnin
45、g responsibilities over to your new employees is the feeling that you must constantly be busyor even over-whelmedwith work during your day. As your employees begin taking over some of the detail work that you“ve always handled, you“ll need to step back and not indulge your tendency to micromanage an
46、d control every part in a way that is not necessary or useful. “Build a vision for yourself on what you will be doing once your business is running day to day on a self-sufficient basis,“ Blomgren says. Many entrepreneurial companies suffer because their leaders do not have the time to keep up with
47、trends, check in with clients, talk to vendors and competitors, and strategize about their firms“ future direction. As you let go of routine business jobs, free up some time every day, or even every week, to think about your company“s overall vision and brainstorm with key employees. Your ideas will
48、 help your firm grow in a smart, strategic manner. Once you begin hiring a staff, make sure each individual“s job responsibilities, goals, and expectations are given to them in writing. Employees are happiest when they have clearly defined tasks and some goals to strive for within a specific time fr
49、ame. Blomgren recommends spelling out “positional agreements“ with your employees. “Positional agreements are different from job descriptions, in that there is a definition of what the employer and employee agree to do, with key measurements defined,“ he says. “I can assure you that top employees want to work where they are valued in a positive work environment where achievement is recognized and rewarded.“（分数：21.00）(1).The owner of the company wil
